Section 5: Verbs
SECTION V.
OF VERBS.
1. A VERB is a sort of word, that expresses either doing, and then it is called Active; suffering, and then it is called a Passive; or being and then it is called a Neuter Verb.
2. Verbs are not only varied by Numbers and Persons, but also by Moods, Tenses, and Conjugations.
3. There are four Moods:
(l.) The Indicative, which shows that a thing is done.
(2.) The Imperative, which commands it to be done.
(3.) The Subjunctive, which generally follows another Verb, and expresses that a thing may, can, or should be done; and,
(4.) The Infinitive, which has neither Number nor Person.
4. There are five Tenses:
(1.)The Present Tense, which speaks of the present time. (2.)The Preterimperfect, which speaks of the time not perfectly past. (3.)The Preterperfect, which speaks of the time perfectly past. (4.)The Preterpluperfect, which speaks of the time that is more than perfectly past; and,
(5.)The Future, which speaks of the time to come.
5. A Conjugation is the manner of varying the beginning or ending of Verbs, in their several Moods.
6. There are four Conjugations.
SECTION VI.
OF AUXILIARY VERBS.
1. THERE is but one Auxiliary Verb, which is, sum, I am.
2. It is conjugated thus: —
INDICATIVE MOOD.
Present.
Singular. Plural.
I am, thou art, he is; we are, ye are, they are. Sum, es, est; sumus, estis, sunt.
Imperfect.
Singular. Plural.
I was, thou wast, he was; we were, ye were, they were. Eram, eres, erat; eramus, eratis, erant.
Perfect.
Singular. Plural.
I have been, etc.
Fui, fuisti, fait; fuimus, fuistis, fuerunt, or fuere.
Pluperfect.
Singular. Plural.
I had been, etc.
Fueram, fueras, fuerat; fueramus, fueratis, fuerant. Future.
Singular. Plural.
I shall or will be, etc.
Ero, eris, erit; erimus, eritis, erunt.
SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD.
Present.
Singular. Plural.
I may be, etc.
Sim, sis, sit; simus, sitis, sint.
Imperfect.
Singular. Plural.
I might be, etc.
Essem, esses, esset; essemus, essetis, essent. Perfect.
Singular. Plural.
I may have been, etc.
Fuerim, fueris, fuerit; fuerimus, fueritis, fuerint. Pluperfect.
Singular. Plural.
I might have been, etc.
Fuissem, fuisses, fuisset; fuissemus, fuissetis, fuissent. Future.
Singular. Plural.
I shall have been, etc.
Fuero, fueris, fuerit; fuerimus, fuerietis, fuerint. IMPERATIVE MOOD.
Singular. Plural.
Be thou, let him be; be ye, let them be.
Es, esto, esto; este, estote, sunto.
INFINITIVE MOOD.
Present.
Esse, to be.
Perfect.
Fuisse; to have been.
Future.
Futurum esse or fuisse,to be about to be,
Participle.
Futurus, about to be.