1779

1779. A living miracle of Divine mercy, I am brought to the beginning of another year. How many of my friends are gone to eternity the past year, while I am spared amidst temptations and afflictions of various kinds! I humbly hope, upon the whole, I am more spiritual; but O! how unfruitful and unprofitable. This year seems to open with forebodings of uncommon distress. Lord, prepare me for every event of thy providence! My own soul was much affected, and there appeared to be a concern among the people, while preaching to-day at Lewis’. Blessed be God! my soul has intimate access to Jesus, and is much quickened. “My residue of days or hours,

Thine, wholly thine shall be;

And all my consecrated powers,

A sacrifice to thee.”

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I reached my circuit in Kent,fh1 and preached on my favourite subject: “This is a faithful saying, and worthy of all acceptation, that Christ Jesus came into the world to save sinners;” and there appeared to be some meltings of heart among the people.

Upon mature reflection, I do not repent my late voluntary retirement in the State of Delaware. Notwithstanding all my afflictions and fears, I entertain a hope, that after the people have been tried and humbled by their present calamities, the Lord will yet visit and bless them with spiritual light, purity, and consolation. Already I am informed that there is a gracious work going on in Sussex, in Delaware, and in Accomack and Northampton counties, in Virginia.

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Being prevented from travelling, by a heavy fall of snow, I finished the reading of the 2d vol. of Mr. Wesley’s Sermons, which I began on Saturday; and they were, as usual, made a peculiar blessing to my soul. I trust the Lord favours me with an increase of love and gratitude.

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I ended the first volume of Prideaux’s Connexions,fh2 and had a clear view of the state of the nations at the different periods of the Church of God—a just view of which is highly necessary for the understanding of the prophecies. The revolutions of kingdoms have been wonderful in all ages; and it ought not to be thought strange, if they should be so now. But in all the various turns of Divine providence God had, and still has, spiritual ends, and the welfare of his Church, in view.

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In reading the second volume of Prideaux, I was struck with the exact fulfilment of Daniel’s prophecy “The seventy weeks being divided into three periods,—that is, into seven, sixty-two, and one week,—the first reacheth from the time of the going forth of the commandment to Ezra, for the restoring of the Church and the state of the Jews, in the seventh year of Artaxerxes Longimanus, to the finishing of that work by Nehemiah, forty- nine years after; the second, from the end of that period to four hundred and thirty-four years after, at which time the Messiah appeared in the ministry of John; and the last, from that of his thus appearing, to his being cut off by his death on the cross—which was one week, or seven years; and all these put together, fully make up seventy weeks, or four hundred and ninety years of this prophecy: and, according to this computation, every particular of it hath been fully verified in a completion exactly agreeable thereto, and the whole number of years pointed out thereby exactly answered to a month; for as the going out of the commandment to Ezra, from whence they began, was in the month of Nisan, so the crucifixion of Christ was also in the same month, just four hundred and ninety years after.” This day my heart was kept in peace. My soul shall make her boast in the Lord.

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I rode to Mr. Boyer’s, and conversed freely with him on the things of God. He appeared very kind, and inclined to hear instruction.

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Though it rained, many attended to hear the word both at Boyer’sfh3 and at Dover; and on Monday my heart was greatly enlarged in preaching to a large congregation at Hilliard’s, on Romans 1:16. There were present many persons of respectability; but every mouth was stopt, and gainsayers had nothing to say or do.

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I preached at S.’s,fh4 on the education of children, and relative duties: I then rode to Richard Shaw’s, where I found a tender congregation; and left one soul in deep distress. It seems that God, in compassion to the souls of the people, has kept the way open for the preachers to travel, notwithstanding the imprudence of some, and the wickedness of others. If the Lord is pleased to work, who or what can hinder?

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My soul has enjoyed a deep sense of God. The

congregation was large at Stradley’s, and I trust their coming together was profitable, at least to some of them. In many circuits the preachers have hardly an opportunity of reading their Bibles, much less anything else. A great part of the day is taken up in riding, preaching, and meeting the classes; and very often at night, there is a large family, but one room for all, and sometimes no candle: so that I think it would be well, under such circumstances, if the preachers could have one spare day in every week for the purpose of improving themselves.

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I had many people at (William) Thomas’s, to whom I

preached with great freedom; and took occasion to explain and enforce family duties. It affords me no small joy to find that my labours are not altogether in vain.

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I am grievously tempted by the enemy; but the Lord is still my defender and friend. I am now reading the third volume of Prideaux, and find it both entertaining and instructive. I still go on to enforce the education of children, and family duties.

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At the widow Jackson’s I enforced Genesis 18:19: “I know him, that he will command his children, and his household after him, and they shall keep the way of the Lord, to do justice and judgment; that the Lord may bring upon Abraham that which he hath spoken of him.” In the evening I opened and applied Ezekiel 36:25, &c., with light and liberty, and the congregation felt the weight of the word.

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I spent much of my time in reading the third volume of Mr. Hervey’s Dialogues. I like his philosophy better than his divinity. However, if he is in error by leaning too much to imputed righteousness, and in danger of superseding our evangelical works of righteousness, some are also in danger of setting up self-righteousness, and, at least, of a partial neglect of an entire dependence on Jesus Christ. Our duty and salvation lie between these extremes. We should so work as if we were to be saved by the proper merit of our works; and so rely on Jesus Christ, to be saved by his merits and the Divine assistance of his Holy Spirit, as if we did no works, nor attempted anything which God hath commanded. This is evidently the Gospel plan of man’s salvation:—St. Paul says in one place, “By grace are ye saved, through faith; and that not of yourselves, it is the gift of God.” In another place the same apostle saith, “Work out your own salvation with fear and trembling.” But some, who see the danger of seeking to be justified by the deeds of the law, turn all their attention to those passages of Scripture which ascribe our salvation to the grace of God; and to avoid the rock which they discover on the right hand, they strike against that which is equally dangerous on the left, by exclaiming against all conditions and doings, on the part of man; and so make void the law through faith—as if a beggar could not cross the street, and open his hand (at the request of his benefactor) to receive his bounty, without a meritorious claim to what he is about to receive. What God hath joined together, let no man put asunder. And he having joined salvation by grace, with repentance, prayer, faith, self-denial, love, and obedience, whoever putteth them asunder will do it at his peril. But it is likewise true that others who see the danger of this, in order, as they imagine, to steer clear of it, go about to establish their own righteousness; and although they profess to ascribe the merit of their salvation to Jesus Christ, yet think they cannot fail of eternal life, because they have wrought many good deeds of piety towards God, and of justice and mercy towards man; and they would think it incompatible with Divine justice, to sentence them to eternal punishment, for what they call the foibles of human nature, after having lived so moral and upright a life. Happy the man who so studies the Holy Scriptures, his own heart, and the plan of salvation, and daily prays with such earnest sincerity to Almighty God, as to see that neither faith without works, nor works without that faith which justifies the ungodly, will suffice in the awful day of universal retribution!

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My soul is sensible that there is a declension among

professors. This cannot but grieve the hearts of those who labour, and are engaged to promote the spiritual and eternal happiness of their fellow creatures. Lord, revive thy work of grace, in all our societies throughout this extensive continent, and in every nation on the earth—and especially in my poor heart.

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We had tidings of great troubles in the south as well as the north.fh5 The gathering cloud seemed to lower and threaten with great severity. O my God! I am thine: and all the faithful are thine. Mercifully interpose for the deliverance of our land, and for the eternal salvation of all that put their trust in thee. At present my way is measurably hedged in by Providence; but the time may come when I shall be useful in the Church of Christ. This would afford me more satisfaction than all the riches of the east, with all the pomp and grandeur of empires, and all the pleasures that can gratify both the imagination and the flesh.

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My conscience smote me severely for speaking an

idle word in company. O! how frail is man. It is very difficult for me to check my rapid flow of spirits when in company with my friends. The tongue is an unruly member: and St. James spoke a sacred truth when he said, “If any man offend not in word, the same is a perfect man, and able to bridle the whole body.” He that can on all occasions govern his tongue, will have power sufficient to keep his whole body in religious subjection. This day our quarterly meeting began,fh6 and my heart was expanded in preaching to about seven hundred people, on Hebrews 2:2. I entertain great hopes that we shall see a gracious revival of religion. The Lord knoweth that, next to my own salvation, this is my chief concern, and all my interest in America, or in the whole world: I desire to live only for this.

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Our love feast began at nine, and public worship at twelve o’clock. The operations of the Holy Spirit were very powerful in the congregation; so that there was a general melting; and amongst the young people, there were outcries and deep distress. Here was a blessed prospect, God is gracious beyond the power of language to describe. Both preachers and people were exceedingly quickened. The public labours of the day were too much for my feeble frame.

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I am still far short of what I wish to be in point of universal holiness and fervent devotion; but my soul is kept in peace, and I am determined, by grace, to be more resolute, faithful, and diligent.

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There was a large company, and some melting of heart, at

Boyer’s, while I preached on Luke 19:10. In the afternoon I was invited to preach in Dover court house; but my ideas were not very dear, neither was my spirit at liberty.

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My affections were warm, and my words flowed with ease last night in town; and the attention of the people appeared to be fixed. The people also were very lively today at Richard Shaw’s. My body is in a feeble state; but glory to God, when I am weak, then am I strong. Though this mortal frame is shaken by repeated afflictions, my soul is supported by that peace which passeth all understanding. Lord, keep me always in the dust at thy feet, leaning continually on Jesus my beloved, that as my body approacheth the grave, my soul may advance towards the realms of light and glory, and there securely rest in Abraham’s bosom till the general resurrection.

“There I shall see his face,

And never, never sin;

There, from the rivers of his grace,

Drink endless pleasures in.

“Yea, and before I rise

To that immortal state,

The thoughts of such amazing bliss”

Should constant joys create.

“There I shall bathe my weary soul

In seas of heavenly rest,

And not a wave of trouble roll

Across my peaceful breast.”

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Having seen some good appearances at two or three places,

I returned to my lodging,fh7 but found, as usual, that heavy crosses are to be borne here. Upon the whole, it appears sufficiently clear that God has other work for me to do, and that I must not abide here. If he graciously intends me for more extensive service in his Church, may he be pleased to open my way, and make it plain before me!

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Various trials beset me—from Satan, the world, and from

friends; but hitherto the Lord hath helped. I am convinced there must be no resting here, in any person, place, or other object; for it would be bitter and painful in the end.

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My soul was in sweet peace; and I humbly hope the Lord

will sooner take me out of the world, than let me live to sin against him. ‘Tis grace, almighty grace, must keep me; otherwise all my reading, praying, and labours of every kind, would be ineffectual. The means must be diligently used; but unless God’s blessing accompany them, they will be used in vain.

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My soul was so terribly beset by Satan, that I was ready to say, I had rather die than live thus. But grace, by reflection, brought me to submit, and say, the Lord’s will be done; though my sufferings were even worse than death, yet let me go to heaven, to enjoy thy presence, if it be through fire and water. In reading Clarke’s Martyrology,fh8 I have observed, that notwithstanding the errors and superstitions of Popery, there has been a Church of faithful witnesses preserved, who have borne witness to the truth—not in word only, but by a holy life, and triumphant death.

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I have of late, for the most part, had liberty in

preaching, and the Spirit of the Lord has been with me: and from my various and peculiar exercises, I am strongly impressed with a persuasion that the Lord is preparing me for future services. But alas! what cause for shame, on account of my great unfaithfulness! This present life may be well compared to a tempestuous ocean: sometimes the fair wind of prosperity blows a fresh gale; at other times the cross wind of adversity rages and threatens a hurricane. How difficult it is, in the midst of such opposing diversity, to pay proper attention to the Divine compass, and still pursue the right course!

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Nothing grieves me so much as the want of holiness. But it affords me some satisfaction to find that the people in these parts appear to advance in religion.

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Satan shot his fiery darts at me; but my soul was shielded, and his darts repelled. My heart is humbled within me and I must be more faithful to God, or I fear I shall not endure to the end.

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I had a large congregation yesterday at Jackson’s, and my spirit was at liberty. To-day my hopes were revived at Dover, while expatiating on the experience of Hezekiah.

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For some days past my soul has been dejected: but upon

examination, I am conscious that I have, in some good measure, walked closely with God, and in the time of my greatest heaviness, I have found peace: therefore conclude, that it must be owing to some natural cause, though intended to humble me. The most genteel people in Dover treat me with great kindness and courtesy. I hope it will turn to their own spiritual advantage. I have a witness within, that I seek not theirs (neither money nor esteem) but them—as the purchase of my Lord’s death, that they may be his willing servants forever. I have lately been reading Watson’s Body of Divinity.fh9 The general drift of it does not comport with my sentiments, yet it contains many good things. I had a mind to abridge his two sermons on, “Lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil.”

On Friday I was inclined to believe, that the night before the Lord had re- sanctified my soul. It afforded me much comfort; and I was ready to conclude it had been so for many years past, if I had maintained and believed it. But I fear I have been too slack in urging both myself and others diligently to seek the experience of this great and blessed gift. May the Lord help me from this time, to live free from outward and inward sin, always maintaining the spirit of the Gospel in meekness, purity, and love! At this time my body labours under much affliction, and I seem fit for little or no service. This, with the heavy temptations which frequently attack my soul, makes me feel as in the furnace; but grace surrounds me as a wall of fire, and I trust my soul suffers no damage.

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My eyes being sore, the childrenfh10 read for me the Life of John Bruen.fh11 He was an eminent man, truly pious, and much mortified in his affections, by deep meditation on the word of God, and other religious exercises. I see myself the least of all God’s servants, whether ancient or modern; and although he has done more for me than for many, yet I have done less for him. From an observation of Mr. Bruen’s, that great blessings more frequently attended the labours of plain, simple preachers than of the more sublime and eloquent, I was led to fear that I had not been simple enough.

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It appears to me very difficult to keep professors from

placing too much confidence in past experience; and to keep them pressing after grace with as much assiduity as at first. How prone is man to start from God, and to embrace every excuse for the neglect of that best of all duties—living in close communion with the Father of spirits! Though I now pray not less than ten times a day, yet I find I have need to pray without ceasing.

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A remarkable instance occurred of the watchful care of God over his people. Mr. Peddicord went to bed, but could not sleep, though he tried again and again. At last he was obliged to rise; and going down stairs with the man of the house, he found the house on fire.

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My mind was much drawn out in prayer, and I believe I

have not spent more time in this exercise for many years past, if ever, than I do now. But my mind has been much perplexed about wandering thoughts in prayer, though Mr. Wesley’s deep and judicious discourse on that subject has afforded me no small satisfaction. He hath both shown the causes of those thoughts, which are not sinful, and incontestably proves that they contract no guilt. Yet a devout and tender mind must be grieved, to find any kind of temptation in that sublime exercise wherein the whole soul desires to be employed. This portion of Scripture—”Shall not God avenge his own elect who cry unto him day and night?”—hath followed me for some time, almost continually, and hath brought me much comfort. This day I preached at Edward White’s. I am strongly persuaded in my own mind, that I have stayed in these parts too long. A black man, who had been liberated by Mr. Blades, gave such an extraordinary account of the work of God in his soul, and withal displayed such gifts in public exercises, that it appears as if the Lord was preparing him for peculiar usefulness to the people of his own colour. Let the Lord choose his own instruments, and send by whom he will.

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Several of my friends came to take their leave, and see the last of me for the present. They manifested great affection: and well they might, if they knew how much I had suffered among them. The next day I set off,fh12 and on my journey I gradually recovered my spirits. Meeting with a man on the road, I began to speak to him about the things of God, and saw how Providence had brought it about, for the Lord had reached his heart the night before. I advised him to be diligent and faithful, and so left him. I then rode on to brother Shaw’s, where I heard agreeable news.fh13 Peradventure there is something in the womb of Providence, for which the Lord hath been preparing me, by bringing me through the fire and water.

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My soul was much blessed, and there was a great

melting among the people, while I spoke strong words on the subject of sanctification. The believers were greatly quickened, and in class meeting we had much of the power of God. I live in great hopes of doing good in this journey. Bless the Lord, O my soul!

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I had an interview with the Rev. Mr. Magaw,fh14 a kind, sensible, friendly minister of the Episcopal Church. I then returned to the house of Mr. Shaw, my quiet retreat for the present; and here I hope to spend my little leisure in peaceable converse with God and Divine subjects. My soul longs to be quite complete in the image of God.

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I breakfasted with a Presbyterian minister, and endeavoured to answer some objections which he started; but could not attempt a vindication of those amongst us who had dipped deep in politics.

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there was a great moving among the people—some seeking justification, and others perfect love.

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My soul was in peace; but I have not sufficiently enforced the doctrine of Christian perfection. This will press believers forward, when everything else is found insufficient; and the people in these parts appear ripe for it—for there is little or no opposition. But I have attended too much to my own small and low experience. Brother Joshua Dudley and brother Richard Garrettson, two young preachers, both spoke to-day, and I gave each of them a written license. On Thursday my mind was deeply exercised on the subject of sanctification; and the result was, a determination to preach it more frequently, and pursue it more diligently.

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My greatest trouble is, that I am not more holy. My soul is constantly humble within me on this account. I visited the Rev. Mr. Magaw, and presented him Mr. Fletcher’s Checks; at the same time opening to his view the whole plan of Methodism. He treated me with exceeding great kindness; and I spent some time very agreeably in his company. The people of these parts (the most wealthy not excepted) are, for the most part, very courteous and friendly. Surely the Lord will raise up for himself a body of faithful witnesses among them. Sundry persons of respectability attend my feeble exercises in public, and express satisfaction. But shall this satisfy, or lift me up? God forbid! If this should be the case, God would punish me for my folly. And what is the esteem of man, whose breath is in his nostrils, when compared with the approbation of the Most High?

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We have judgment weather—a hard frost, which has killed a great part of the fruit. I am now reading Newton on the Prophecies.fh15

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Yesterday and today we held a quarterly meeting near Dover. A great concourse of people attended the ministry of the word; and many serious persons were present at our love feast.

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Our conference for the northern stationsfh16 began at

Thomas White’s. All our preachers on these stations were present, and united. We had much prayer, love, and harmony; and we all agreed to walk by the same rule, and to mind the same thing. As we had great reason to fear that our brethren to the southward were in danger of separating from us, we wrote them a soft, healing epistle. On these northern stations we have now about seventeen travelling preachers. We appointed our next conference to be held in Baltimore town, the last Tuesday in April next.

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Yesterday we had some melting under the word, at

the house of Edward White, and today I wrote to John Dickins, to Philip Gatch, Edward Dromgoole, and William Glendenning, urging them, if possible, to prevent a separation among the preachers in the south—that is, Virginia and North Carolina. And I entertain great hopes that the breach will be healed; if not, the consequences may be bad. I am now reading Edwards on the Affections.fh17 Excepting the small vein of Calvinism which runs through this book, it is a very good treatise, and worthy the serious attention of young professors. I have now been about thirteen years employed in the work of God as a travelling minister; and upon a review, I have cause to be ashamed, but, at the same time, great reason to be thankful that I have not yet grown weary, and humbly hope I never shall, while able to travel at all.

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I still find it pleasant and profitable to be employed in my Master’s service both in public and private. My conscience smote me severely for lying in bed till six o’clock this morning, no indisposition of body being the cause. O! why should we lose one hour, when time is so short and precious, and so many things to be learned and taught.

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Yesterday being a public fast day, we had a large

congregation, and a solemn time, while I preached on the fast of the Ninevites. I found about forty in society at the Draw-Bridge.fh18 Thus it pleaseth the Lord to work, and who shall hinder him? In the most troublesome times he can build up the walls of Jerusalem. I thought for some time that it would have been much better for the work of God in America, if brother Shadford had stayed; but the Lord ruleth over all, and he ruleth for the best. Many faithful, zealous men are raised up for the work in the States, who only want a little instruction, and they are ready to spend and be spent for souls.

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Every day I have had more or less liberty in preaching the blessed Gospel. The people daily show great marks of affection and esteem for me. May the Lord keep me humble! Yea, he is pleased to humble me by afflictions, temptations, and frequent discoveries of my defects and imperfections.

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John Hagerty preached on: “May we know what this new

doctrine, whereof thou speakest, is?” He spake long, and much to the purpose. I feel some fears lest the people should be offended against the truth, by any improprieties, or undue rashness of expression. But how can we please such as delight in their sins? It is our duty, whether they will hear, or whether they will forbear, to declare, that if they die in their sins they can expect nothing but hell and damnation.

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I received a letter informing me of the death of John

Laws,fh19 a young man whom I visited about a week ago. He had been in a declining state about fifteen months, and the Lord was pleased to use me as an instrument to open his eyes, and show him the necessity and nature of religion. On my last visit I found him ripening fast for heaven, and have no doubt but that his spirit now rests in the bosom of Jesus.

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I preached twice, and in the interim went to hear Mr.

Magaw, who preached so excellent a sermon on the sufferings of Christ, that I was amazed to think how such a contrariety of preaching and practice could be found in the same man. But what have I to do to judge another man’s servant? To his own Master he standeth or falleth. The whole of the public service—preaching and the Lord’s Supper—lasted about six hours. The Friday following was a day of fasting among our people, that God might revive his work, avert calamities, and send us rain, that our hearts may be filled with food and gladness. My own soul has not been so steadily devoted to God as I wish it to be. How I long to be made as a pure seraphic flame! In the afternoon of our fast-day we had a great rain with heavy thunder and lightning—mercy and judgment united, a strong indication of our deserts, and God’s goodness. On the Lord’s day, at Johnstown, about a thousand people attended to hear the funeral sermon of John Laws, the young man before mentioned. His experience and death have wrought powerfully on the hearts of many, both in the family and neighbourhood, so that even in this unpromising place there is a prospect of religion. Thus we see the Lord can work, when, and where, and how he pleaseth. I am ashamed of the littleness of my faith. Pardon me, Lord, in this my weakness. I long to be altogether the Lord’s—to preach and pray, believe and love, as when I first entered on the work of the ministry.

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Both yesterday and today my soul was enlarged in

unfolding the truths of the Gospel. In several parts of this peninsula the work of the Lord increases, and people are flocking in apace. The work is his, and worthy of him. May the instruments he is pleased to work by be always humble, and give the glory to whom it is due! We have a sound of war from the southward;fh20 Lord, think upon us, that we perish not! What reason have I to be thankful, that in the midst of war and confusion I am kept in peace and safety.

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I feel an increasing desire to be the Lord’s, every moment, in every thought and desire, and in all I speak and do.

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Many attended the word, and the Lord was with me in

speaking on Acts 16:30. In the evening I treated on the great salvation.

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Notwithstanding I was very unwell, I rode to Solomon

Levinson’s, and preached; had a very unfeeling company to hear me, yet felt assisted and blessed in speaking to them. I have lately read Sherlock’s Sermons:fh21 he was doubtless a man of great abilities, and it is a pity but he had been a more evangelical writer. I find some good things in his writings, and others, in general, harmless, but not very interesting.

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Preached at Boyer’s; found myself shut up, but the people appeared tender and attentive: next day I had more hearers than I expected, at brother Shaw’s. I have not spent so much time in private prayer of late as I could wish, for want of time. My mind enjoys great peace and sweetness in God, and I find myself much given up to him; ‘tis very seldom I feel a thought, much less a desire, contrary to his holiness. Last Monday night it appeared to me that I had as deep a sense of God, as though I could see, touch, handle, and feel him. This day I received a wonderful Arian and Socinian letter from H.C., a weak, wild mortal, swelled with pride and self-will. I rode seven miles to see a sick man, who was more than seventy years of age deeply convinced of sin. I laboured and prayed with him; he expressed some comfort, but had not a confidence of his acceptance with God.

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My heart is kept in peace.

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I preached at Shaw’s, at eight o’clock, to about two hundred hearers, with great enlargement; a melting tenderness went through the congregation. I then rode to church at Dover, and heard a most excellent sermon on hypocrisy, by Mr. Magaw. In the evening I preached on the Gospel supper. The great (so called) attended; but, I fear, to little purpose.

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Preached at a new place, in a meadow, to about one

hundred people, who were wild enough; after preaching, had to ride twelve miles for my dinner. In this our labour, we have to encounter hunger, heat, and many restless nights with mosquitoes, unwholesome provisions, and bad water: but all this is for souls; were it for silver, I should require a great sum; but the Lord is not unrighteous to forget our labour of love, and our reward is with him.

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I find the heat of the weather too great for close study; it flags the spirits, and strangely debilitates all the powers of body and mind in a manner that is seldom felt in Europe, unless for one month in the year.

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I am not as I long to be: I want to be more spiritual in all my thoughts, words, and works; to live wholly to God from moment to moment.

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I preached in Newcastle, and twice the next day: I find these people pay no great attention to, and do not manifest much affection for, our Gospel and ministry; I had but little liberty to preach to them, and not much satisfaction while there.

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Employed in reading. I see what I ought to be, as a Christian and a minister, and mourn because I am not more holy. O! how great a thing to be a man of God!—to be in everything exemplarily good; in everything to do one thing—the will of God.

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I received the minutes of the Virginia Conference,fh22 by which I learn the preachers there have been effecting a lame separation from the Episcopal Church, that will last about one year. I pity them: Satan has a desire to have us, that he may sift us like wheat.

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Heard Mr. Magaw at the Forest chapel,fh23 on: “Thy kingdom come.”

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At half past eight o’clock, I preached at the chapel, and then went to church, and heard Mr. Magaw preach an excellent sermon on wavering in religion. The inflammatory disorder that had seized my throat is growing worse.

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I applied to Dr. Abraham Ridgely,fh24 who prescribed two blisters, of great strength: the two following days I was very ill.

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I began to mend, and am persuaded that the doctor’s means have been very successful, and feel myself under great obligations to him.

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Felt myself so much better in health, that I ventured to speak to a small serious congregation; I hope not in vain.

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Set out for the sea-side, in a double carriage, brother

Alfrey with me. We rode thirty miles, and came to Shockley’sfh25 a little after twelve o’clock. Preached to about one hundred people, all serious: a great alteration since I was here, twelve months back. So does God work. I am in growing health, my voice much restored; feel a springing hope that this journey will be attended with a blessing to myself and others. I am overcome with a sense of the goodness of God, in so suddenly raising me up. O! What I laboured under this day week! How great the change! I find all my afflictions divinely sanctified to me; I am kept in great peace, and a Divine serenity all day. A sweet peace sits upon my soul. I read some psalms, and a little of Haliburton’s Life,fh26 as I rode in the chair. O how good it is to strive to do a little for God! My friends were frightened at my going out so soon, but the Lord will help me on my way. I spoke at Shockley’s on Ephesians 2:8-10.

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We rode to the sea-side, about forty miles from Shockley’s. I read part of the life of Mr. De Renty. We came in about two o’clock, and found a kind reception. We prayed after dinner in the family and private; afternoon went down to the sea to bathe, for my health; at night read a chapter, and gave an exhortation. Brother Alfrey and myself prayed; we rested well.

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Am kept in peace of soul, yesterday and this day; feel myself as in the presence of God, growing in health of body and soul.

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I preached on 1 John 1:8, 9, to about fifty people, simple, but teachable. Some poor men in a boat came on shore, who had been taken prisoners: were English and Scotch, going to New York. I called at their tent, read the third of Romans, lectured to them; they seemed kind and humble: I pitied an old man, near seventy, from Devonshire. I went to bathe, called on the distressed people, prayed with them. This morning I finished reading the book of Psalms, which has been my regular reading this week past; likewise the eleventh volume of Wesley’s Works, and part of the lives of those men of God, Haliburton, De Renty, and Walshfh27— one of the Church of Scotland, another from the Church of Rome, the latter a Methodist preacher; but the work of God is one in all. To set aside a few particulars, how harmonious does the work of God appear, in men of different nations and Churches! I have been in peace, but not so much given up to God. I was humbled and stirred up to be more heartily employed: when shall every thought, word, and action in me be holiness to the Lord?

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Rode to Wood’s,fh28 near Peleg Water’s tavern; had about

three hundred people, and apparently very ignorant in religion, yet willing to be taught. I spoke on 1 John 1:3; I found I could not speak plain enough to them: afternoon on Isaiah 55:6, 7; they understood me better. I went to Law’sfh29 to lodge. I found the Baptists were fishing in troubled water, (they always are preaching water to people,) and are striving to get into all the houses where we preach; they had taken one simple man who was joined to us, into the water. They plead they did not want to join, being Church people; but the ministers were good men, and they could not deny them their houses.

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I preached at J. Gray’s to many feeling people: a good work is begun; and I fear that division is begun also. But what is to be done? Must we instrumentally get people convinced, and let Baptists take them from us? No; we will, we must oppose: if the people lose their souls, how shall we answer it before God? I met with a woman who warmly contended for dipping, as though it had been for life. Another began with me about going to their houses; and said, we must all live in heaven. I said, there will be no rebaptizing there. She said, we must imitate our Lord. I said, our Lord rebuked the wind, and walked upon the sea. The point is this: the Baptists and Methodists came and preached together; our simple young men not knowing how they would act; the people being unacquainted with them, are for receiving both.

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I went to the water, and believe bathing has been of singular use to me. Preached at S. Evans’, on Acts 26:18. Had great freedom. About a hundred people were present, and I hope there will be a work here, if controversy does not prevent it. Afternoon, I called to see a person in the dropsy, for whom I sent to Dr. White. At three o’clock, preached at West’s, on Matthew 7:7: “Seek, and ye shall find.” I had much liberty, but the people in general were insensible. After preaching, some poor people came with tears in their eyes, fearing from what I had said, I was about leaving the houses where the Baptists would preach, and thought we were going to leave them altogether, as the others had set it forth. I answered them, while we could get a house to ourselves, and society, we would consider them as objects of our attention. Some rain, and my preaching twice, brought on a small inflammation in my throat. We rode to J. Gibbons’s, fifteen miles, heavy road, very hot.

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I preached at twelve o’clock to about fifty people,

unfeeling enough. I spoke on Galatians 3:22. I spoke all the truth. After preaching, we rode to Joseph Moore’s,fh30 twenty miles, great part heavy travelling. An ulcer broke in my mouth while I was preaching, but I continued speaking.

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I arose with a gracious sense of God upon my heart; cool weather after the rain. I hear good news from the people, of the work of God; though they are not competent judges, yet I hope the prospect is favourable. Many brought home to God, and hope more will be. I have, in the course of my reading, attained to the end of Solomon’s Song. Preached at Joseph Moore’s; a hundred serious people attended: a great change since I preached here nine or ten months ago. Then many in blindness,— now forty in society; some seeking, others have found the Lord. One of the friends told me he thought he could number fifty praying families. Some who have not joined us yet, are stirred up by preaching to pray; before, the people were sweaters, drunkards, fighters, horse-racers, and such like; but the Lord hath done great things for them. I spoke on Ephesians 5:8; had great liberty.

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Arose, as I commonly do, before five o’clock in the morning, to study the Bible. I find none like it; and find it of more consequence to a preacher to know his Bible well, than all the languages or books in the world—for he is not to preach these, but the word of God. I preached at Gitting Bradley’s,fh31 in the woods, to about two hundred people, on Acts 13:26. Had considerable freedom. In the evening, at George Moore’s,fh32 on Revelation 21:6-8. Great liberty; the serious people much affected.

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I rode to Joseph Turpin’s, about thirteen miles; many people, I judge about two hundred, attended. The Lord hath done great things since I was here about nine months ago—numbers are inquiring after God; the Lord hath done great things for us. Not unto us, but unto him be all the glory given.

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I spoke on Matthew 23:37, with uncommon freedom, to about three hundred people, at Joseph Turpin’s: we had a melting time here. The Lord is striving mightily to save them. Rode through the rain to Twyford’s, had a hundred people or more to hear; spoke on John 15:19, 20. Strove to comfort and encourage the seeking souls. Rode to brother Thomas White’s that night.

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Spent in writing to our dissenting brethren in Virginia, hoping to reclaim them.fh33 I am kept in peace, though not without inward and outward war.

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I have peace: arose before three: I am much employed, but it is good to make the best of every moment, and carefully to fill up the space of time that may be lost. O! how precious is time! our moments, though little, are golden sands. I preached a funeral sermon for our late friend and brother Hardisty, to about one hundred people. I spoke on Isaiah 57:1,

2. Had liberty in speaking to a solemn people: some were affected, and at the close brother Pedicord gave an exhortation. The flux prevails, and hath carried some off. Returning, I called at Mr. Micajah Debruler’s; afterward called at Mrs. Peterkin’s, who is sick.

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Prepared my letters; am most severely tried at times, but if for good, the Lord’s will be done. Had a conversation with Mr. O’Nea1fh34 this week—a man of learning and understanding, who knows doctrines and men; is a minister of the Episcopal Church, in Maryland, a non-juror. I ended the reading of Isaiah, in course, going through the Bible; have trials very heavy, but my soul is humbled before the Lord. I preached at Edward White’s, on Zephaniah 1:12; had a great time in preaching.

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Set out for Kent; visited Mrs. Peterkin, going swiftly to her home; and also William Riche—about two months ago he was an opposer, proud and self-righteous, but now brought low, penitent, and submits to prayer, and Methodist conversation; thus does God bring down. He held, yea, pressed my hand, unwilling to part. I came to brother Shaw’s, before B.D. had done preaching. I spoke a few words, and after dinner went to see my very dear friend, Mr. Magaw again.

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Went to the widow Howard’s; spoke freely to about two

hundred people, on John 3:16. 1. The condition that all men must have been in if God had not given his Son. 2. His great love. 3. The nature of faith. 4. The consequences of not believing. The people were serious; I went to Lewis Alfrey’s. A man followed me that night, ten miles, distressed in soul; I talked to and prayed with him. He went away, with clearer views and some hope, pleading for the blessing.

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Rode to Shaw’s; the weather was hot. Called on Mr. Wood, sick and distressed in his soul. There is an inquiry excited in many people, and an awakening power is going forth. I saw today a political libel; the Methodists are struck at, but every charge is false.

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Rainy. I rode to church, and heard an excellent

sermon on Luke 14:22. At three o’clock I preached in the square at Dover; many came to hear. I spoke on Ezekiel 33:30, very plain and pointed: how it was taken I know not. I am easy and clear in my own mind.

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Our quarterly meeting began: I was detained by rain, but came in about one o’clock. Brother Philip Cox preached on Psalms 48:12Psalm 48:12-14.

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In the morning the rain continues; all things look gloomy. We appointed to meet at nine, if clear; if not, at twelve o’clock. About twelve it cleared away, without such visible tokens as sometimes appear. We went to the arbour; it covers three or four hundred people. It is possible we had six or seven hundred people each day; from Sussex, Somerset, Queen Annes, Caroline, Kent, Newcastle counties, and Philadelphia. I preached on Psa. 126:3-6, and was greatly led out; God was with us. Mr. ——, a clergyman, was with us, very friendly. The rain prevented Mr. Magaw’s attendance.

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We held our love feast. Many spectators, and a melting

time; some power and life appeared to be amongst the people. Upon the whole we had a blessed time. About twelve o’clock I preached on Colossians 1:27, 28, with some freedom, and hope the people were profited. Brother Garrettsonfh35 exhorted long: his speaking is mostly proposing cases of conscience, and answering them, and speaking about Christ, heaven, and hell; yet this carries all before it. It is incredible the good he has been instrumental in doing; the people are generally moved under his preaching. It is, however, thought expedient to send him to the north. I go to Choptank.fh36 We have had much of God in this meeting. Though I have had but little sleep, and unwholesome weather, yet I feel no injury; thank the Lord! We rode to Thomas White’s after four o’clock.

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Employed in writing.

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Part of the day taken up in writing; am not collected as I ought to be, nor as I long to be. The same day heard a sermon from brother Cox at Edward White’s.

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Rode to Reynear Williams’s; I was dejected in my own soul, on account of some things I felt in body and mind: met a few in class; all seemed tender.

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Preached on Revelation 20:11-15, to about three hundred people. I had uncommon light; I never spoke there with such liberty in my life. Rode to the Draw-Bridge, preached to about three hundred there, but not with so much enlargement as in the morning. The Lord is at work here of a truth.

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This morning went to the Bay; afterward went to Caleb

Furby’s, spoke on 1 Peter 4:18. Met the class, and found them much engaged, and many joined. I am weak and feeble, the weather is trying: Lord! give me strength according to my day. I have been tried with wandering thoughts; I could only read a few chapters in Jeremiah; we have little time for our own improvement. I read the first epistle to Timothy.

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Rode to Andrew Purden’s.fh37 It was reported about that there would be a horse race, and some opposition, but there was none. Many came to hear; I spoke long, and with liberty, on Hebrews 12:25. I hope not in vain. Rode to William Virdenn’s, where I preached some month’s ago; the man was then quite an unfeeling person, but is now in earnest for his soul’s salvation.

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Rode to Richard Shaw’s. I spoke to a simple and steady

people on the righteousness of the law and righteousness of faith; a subject with which they appeared to have but little acquaintance, therefore it was necessary to inform their judgments: some were affected. I met the class: the people are faithful, in general; thank the Lord!

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I renewed my covenant with God. O that every thought, word, and act were love!

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I rode to Wells’s: there were many to hear for the time and place. I spoke on Revelation 22:11-15, with a degree of liberty. Met the class; the people were affectionate. I am kept from a wandering mind, in a holy exercise. I am afraid of the foot of pride. I hope the Lord will keep me faithful in all his ways, for I want only to please God. I preached at Sturgis’s, to a small congregation.

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I rested; have but little time for private exercises.

Sunday morning, 15. Read the law delivered by Moses, and our Lord’s sermon on the mount; preached at nine o’clock at Boyer’s; then went to the church at Dover; and preached in the woods at three o’clock on Acts 17:30. I was plain and faithful; but the people will, and will not. Our own people do not keep so close to God as they ought; this injures the work.

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I went to Hilliard’s, and the people attended very well. One is brought under deep distress, who some months back persecuted and kept back his wife. I said at that time, perhaps he will be glad to come himself; and so it is; thank the Lord for this. I preached from <19E518>Psalm 145:18-20. I had liberty and clear views in speaking; and believe the word went to the hearts of the hearers. I rode twenty miles to-day, and if brother Cromwell does not come I must take the circuit.fh38 I bless God for health while many are sick around me. May I do the will of God, and live and love! then, come life or death, all will be well.

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I spent part of the day with Mr. Magaw very comfortably, and find him a teachable man in his station. I met brother Alfrey, and heard of the violent proceedings of some men at Lewis’s, who were encouraged by persons who ought to know better; but what are Whigs, Torys, Presbyterians, Churchmen, or Methodists, if they have not the Spirit of Christ? All of one spirit. I rest contented, believing this will work for good. God can and will vindicate his own cause.

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My spirits were flagged with a tedious ride to widow

Howard’s; but found it was no time to give way to dejection. I preached with difficulty, to a large congregation, on Isaiah 55:6, 7.

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Rode to Scotten’s through heavy rain, preached to a crowded audience.

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Went to Forest Chapel, and spoke to a large congregation. I returned to brother Shaw’s, and wrote to brothers Philip Cox and Daniel Ruff. I am grieved at the imprudence of some people; but why should I be grieved?—the work is the Lord’s. May I be faithful in all my ways, and attend to my own calling.

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I went to a Presbyterian meeting, and heard a good sermon, on the epistle to the Church at Laodicea, truly applicable to the unfeeling people, who are so full of politics that they seem to have turned all religion out of doors. It is time for the watchmen to cry aloud! I went to the Draw- Bridge, and preached to about three hundred people. The work of the Lord goes on, and every denomination of Christians appear to be stirred up. Well, if Christ is preached we will rejoice.

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I arose with a sense of God upon my heart. Preached on

Colossians 1:9-12, but not with much enlargement; in class, I found the people lively; thus hath the Lord wrought for us according to his power.

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My soul is humbled. O, that I may feel Divine love every moment, that my spirit may be holiness to the Lord! I preached from Psalms 7:11Psalm 7:11-13, at Andrew Purdin’s, near Satan’s synagogue, had many to hear; I did not spare them. Afterward I visited a distressed soul under deep depression.

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I went to Richard Shaw’s, and preached from Luke 13:24-26. Had some opening, and the people appeared to hear, and understand what was said.

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Rode to Wells’s, and spoke close, but with little liberty, to a serious, but not very lively people, on Matthew 11:4-6; brothers Joseph Wyatt and Lewis Alfrey both spoke after me. This morning, I ended the reading of my Bible through, in about four months. It is hard work for me to find time for this; but all I read and write, I owe to early rising. If I were not to rise always by five, and sometimes at four o’clock, I should have no time only to eat my breakfast, pray in the family, and get ready for my journey—as I must travel every day.

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I rode to Stockley’s, and spoke pointedly on Hosea 10:12. I met brother Wrenn in Dover, and we travelled together three days.

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Preached at Boyer’s, on Luke 7:22, 23. Some awakenings; but my spirits were dejected by false reports. O, what a shame to grieve at those things! What is our honour? Blessed are ye when men shall say all manner of evil of you falsely for my sake, saith the Lord. O, how ought I to be humbled, that such trifles affect me! But I speculate too much, and reason upon the dark side. I preached at Dover, at three o’clock, from Psalms 9:17Psalm 9:17. I spoke very plainly, and brother Wrenn spoke better than ever I heard him before.

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I rode to Hilliard’s; there were about forty people, and a little melting among them; the members of society are slack. I rode to Lewis Alfrey’s the same afternoon. Brother Wrenn says, I should not ride the circuit, and go where I am most wanted. I think it would be better for me, and for the work of God.

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I preached at brother Alfrey’s, on Luke 13:24-27; and had but little liberty; but the people were melted, and stirred up. There is an evil here: I believe some were improperly taken into society who never had any deep conviction; I am afraid of them. Some are fallen into sin, others have been on the verge. In the afternoon I preached at Mr. Wilde’s, on Acts 13:26: “To you is the word of this salvation sent.” The poor old man is mourning after God, and was comforted a little. I had great sweetness in speaking, and liberty of soul; but at times I am under some gloomy fears for the cause of God.

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I went to the widow Howard’s, and was

enlarged on Psalms 7:11Psalm 7:11-13. I thought some felt the word; but O! how great the work to bring sinners to God! It is the work of Omnipotence! Alas, how his poor dust labours and toils in vain, without him! I returned to Alfrey’s, and employed my spare moments in taking notes from Newton’s third volume.

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I was closely taken up in writing; but met the society: they appeared to be humbled, and resolved to set out anew. I pressed them to have prayer meetings, and they appointed one before they parted.

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I went to Poplar Neck, and preached on Isaiah 55:6, 7; then rode that night twenty miles to Dover, and was comforted in society meeting.

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I changed my purpose, and instead of going to Williams’s, went to Thomas White’s. Preached at night.

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I rode to Williams’s and preached at eleven o’clock, on

Matthew 21:44; then rode to the Draw-Bridge, where about three hundred people were waiting. I preached on Malachi 4:1, 2; and hope it reached some hearts.

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Preached at Caleb Furby’s, on Romans 6:17, 18. I spoke strong words, and argumentative, on the subject of salvation from all sin, and answered some objections against the doctrine. I then met the society, and gave a pointed exhortation, to stir them up. I have been straitened in speaking, and sorely tempted; but the Lord will help me, and has blest me to the people. I have had little time for anything but travelling: preaching is but half my work, and ought not to take up all my time.

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I preached at Richard Shaw’s, to about two hundred attentive people, from Romans 6:20-23. I hope the Lord’s work goes on.

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I was unwell, and was relieved by Joshua Dudley, who took the circuit. I have more time now for writing, and am kept humble, to think of the respect the people pay to such a poor creature. Lord, what am I, that thou hast brought me so far on my way? Though unwell, I completed my notes from Newton’s third volume on the prophecies: I cannot be idle.

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I have been employed in writing letters to the preachers. Lord, help me to speak and write to thy glory, and the good of the people I have the charge of. I began reading Comber on Ordination.fh39 Much pomp was annexed to the clerical order, though plausible in its way. I believe the Episcopal mode of Ordination to be more proper than that of Presbyters; but I wish there were primitive qualifications in all who handle sacred things.

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I preached to the people, who came to church, at Mr.

Bassett’s door,fh40 on Galatians 2:19. In the afternoon, in the woods, to the most people I ever saw here, and had liberty; some living emotions appeared amongst the people: we revive again! I had a very different feeling to what I had the last time I was here. I hope we shall yet grow in Dover.

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I rode to Choptank, through heavy rain. I purpose for Talbot County, Maryland, to-morrow. I had pleasing views of a life devoted to God, and felt determined to set out anew to do the will of the Lord. I spent the afternoon in reading Mark’s Gospel, making some notes, and planning my future business.

MARYLAND

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I went to see brother Joseph Hartley, under his confinement, who was in jail for preaching, and found him determined to marry. He thought it was his duty before God. I could only advise a delay till he was released from imprisonment. Persuaded him to give bail at court, if not released, as I thought he would have no trial. All that the opposers wanted was to prevent his preaching in the county. We thought his imprisonment was illegal, as he had taken the oath in the Delaware State.

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We rode thirty miles yesterday. I am unwell and much

dejected, and lament the want of more grace. I rode to Reynear Williams’s, and met brother Pedicord, who copied some letters for me; we settled a plan for our next quarterly meeting. I preached on Friday, at the widow Brady’s,fh41 and met a person with whom I laboured ten months ago to convince her of sin. Preaching is now at her mother’s house, and a class of twenty members. I preached on Romans 3:19-21; and brother Pedicord exhorted.

DELAWARE

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I returned to Choptank. Glory be to God this mortal shall put on immortality. Brother Pedicord informs me, that the Baptists oppose stoutly, and also the devil, and a certain Woolf, his agent, near Lewes. Brother Dudley being detained by his father being sick, brother John Cooper is come in his place.

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I went to a people whom I tried near two years ago in vain. Now God is at work among them—several are under awakenings: our people going to church, and Mr. Magaw’s coming down, has removed their prejudices. I had great liberty there, on Acts 2:27-29. At Thomas White’s, on Galatians 2:17-19, I had great breathings, and not a desire or thought that tended to evil.

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I read thirteen chapters in Revelation, which was part of what should have been read yesterday, but I had not time. I read also about one hundred pages in Comber on the Consecrating Bishops; it is very well if properly attended to. Read fifty pages in Salmon’s Grammar.fh42 It is plain to me the devil will let us read always, if we will not pray; but prayer is the sword of the preacher, the life of the Christian, the terror of hell, and the devil’s plague.

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I read a few chapters in the New Testament, and about seventy pages in Salmon’s Grammar; wrote a letter to my dear friend Mr. Gough: spent the afternoon in visiting our friends.

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I am going up into Kent County, and then to Lewes; have hard trials, inward and outward. I spent this day in riding, and I met brother Pedicord sick of a fever.

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I called at the widow Beauchamp’s, who was sick, but

happy in the Lord. She said, “I was with my Saviour all night.” She has been a constant church-woman; lately brought to seek justification by faith, and is happy in God. I rode to Mispillion, to be near Reynear Williams’s, on my way to Lewes; was happy this day.

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Rode to Lewes. Am ashamed before God, under a sense of

what he has done for me, and how unfaithful and unfruitful I am in everything. I rode thirty miles, and on my way called to hear Mr. Sydenham Thorne, an Episcopal minister. He took care to tell the people, they were not to be converted by thunder and lightning, like enthusiasts, to know the time and place. In short, I could not tell what he would be at; but he was legal to all intents and purposes. I went to Abraham Harris’s: the people were met, and brother Alfrey preached; afterward I delivered a discourse on Acts 13:26, to an attentive congregation, and found my mind at liberty.

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Rode to Mr. Shankland’s near Lewes, the son of a New- light.

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Went to town, preached in the court house twice—first on

2 Corinthians 4:2, 3. Afternoon, on Psalms 7:11Psalm 7:11-13. I was alarming, as the people appeared to me to be careless. By the intercession of the friends, I preached at nine o’clock from Mark 8:34, and following verses, to about forty or fifty people.

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I preached to about fifty or sixty people, on Acts 26:18. I know not when I was more searching, though but little moving among the people. I was told that Mr. W. proclaimed a fast, to let the people know what the Methodists were, and told them we could not be sent and ordained of God—that we must be sent of the devil. I doubt not but souls will be brought to God here. I rode to Shockley’s on Wednesday, and preached on Luke 13:24-26, to about fifty people; had great life. The work of God deepens here, though it is but low with some. I have rode about a hundred miles since this day week, and preached six times to not more than six hundred people.

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Lord, keep me this day. I rose early, and preached at Gibson’s to about sixty people, on Luke 12:32. Some melting appeared amongst them. I spent the evening with Mr. Sydenham Thorne, an Episcopal minister.

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I preached at the widow Brady’s, to about fifty

people, on 1 Peter 2:25. A great melting among the hearers. There is a good work: here three or four were weeping for pardoning love; they were greatly affected. The work declines at Williams’s, but revives here. The Lord doth provoke them to jealousy for their slothfulness and divisions; but I hope they will revive again.

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I preached on 2 Corinthians 2:11, with some vigour; about two hundred to hear. After this, I went to church. Mr. Neill preached a good sermon on these words, “I am determined not to know anything among you, save Jesus Christ and him crucified.” I rode with haste to the DrawBridge, and spoke on 2 Peter 1:20, 21, to about two hundred people. The Lord was with us of a truth.

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I preached at Caleb Furby’s, on Hebrews 4:15, 16; afterward gave an exhortation to the society; and found great fervour among the people.

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I preached at Andrew Purdin’s, on Acts 17:11; met the society; told the people the whole of our intention, and answered all the objections to the preachers and rules to the satisfaction of the serious; joined three in society, one a young lad, about thirteen, broken-hearted.

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I rode to Thomas White’s. I met the people at Edward

White’s; they appeared to be stirred up, when I told them that they were some of the first-fruits of the Spirit in these parts, and that God was reviving his work a little distance off.

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I prayed frequently; read the first epistle to the Corinthians. I am kept watchful, and have some holy breathings after God. I received a letter from brother Daniel Ruff: he says the work deepens in the Jerseys; it spreads in this (Delaware) State, also in Talbot County, in Maryland.

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Brother Thomas McClure came over. We settled a plan for the next half year, in Maryland, Delaware, Pennsylvania, and New Jersey. Our difficulties are great: we have not a sufficient number of proper preachers; some who are gifted cannot go into all the States, on account of the oaths; others are under bail, and cannot move far. I have not spent this day as I ought; perhaps not one in my whole life. I read eleven chapters in the second of Corinthians, in course. Brother Hartley being bailed from Talbot jail, after near three months’ imprisonment, came to take Kent in my absence: he preached on: “Persecuted, but not forsaken; cast down, but not destroyed.”

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I went to the Forks, and lodged at White Brown’s.

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The people had not proper notice at Twyford’s. I preached on 1 Peter 1:8. In the afternoon I preached at Senior Turpin’s, on Romans 6:17, 18. About two hundred were at both places; some moving at the latter.

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I rose at five o’clock, and returned to my study. I want

nothing but devotion to God, and to employ each moment for him. This day I preached at John Cannon’s, near the chapel, to about three hundred people, on Acts 17:11. They did not understand much, and felt less. I had a smart contest with a man upwards of seventy years of age, deaf to Scripture, sense, or reason, yet one that has been sorely afflicted; but age, like the word, if it does not soften, hardens. I returned to White Brown’s: a few met me; I prayed and gave an exhortation. God was with us. These I call my children. I find my soul feels the good effects of prayer. O! what can stand before faith and prayer?

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We are about to lay a plan to build a chapel at Brown’s.fh43 I preached the funeral sermon of one Smith; it was thought he had a work of grace on his heart before he died. There were about one hundred people. I spoke loud and long, on Matthew 24:44. I hope some felt, and will remember it.

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I preached at Joseph Turpin’s, to about one hundred

people, on Luke 13:23-27. There was a move amongst the people. I met the class, and they were serious. I had a fever; went over to H. Keagey’s; returned at night, and made a plan for the house in the Fork. Next morning I set off at nine o’clock, called on the way to appoint preaching at a new place. I met with an old man who had strange notions about the Methodists’ rejecting the ordinances, and pulling down the Church; whom I endeavoured to set right. I came to Joseph Moore’s about one o’clock, and found myself better after my ride. I am kept, through grace, and find daily growth therein, and am resolved to spend an hour in devotion before I leave the room each morning. I am more than ever pressed with the weight of my work and the worth of souls. Ah! what is preaching, without living to God? It is a daily unction we want, that the word may be like a hammer and fire from our mouths, to break hearts, and kindle life and fire.

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I spoke on 1 Peter 1:7-4, to about thirty people. It was a blessing to the people. I was a little unwell; did not, could not, employ my time as I wished. I live in hopes God will make me a blessing in this journey, after trials and disappointments. I read the epistles to the Philippians and Colossians, in the order of reading the Bible through.

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I went to Joshua Moore’s,fh44 and met the society. There

were about thirty people. I exhorted for near an hour, and spoke closely to the people, who are apt to jar about professions; they are too stiff on both sides.

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I preached at George Moore’s, to about two hundred people, on 2 Thessalonians 1:7-10. I was assisted to be very alarming, and hope not all in vain: in the afternoon I preached at Joshua Moore’s, on Romans 6:20-23; some felt who were not at the morning sermon.

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I rose at five o’clock: Lord, help me under all my trials! I addressed the throne of grace fervently, but cannot be what I want to be, at all times, and in everything. Lord, think upon me for good! I was guided by my own experience, being much tempted, to speak on Hebrews 4:14- 16, and found it was blessed to the serious part of my congregation. Here were about four hundred people. I found several had been greatly tempted, and ready to despair, as if there was no sacrifice for sin; but, blessed be God, we have a High Priest. My reading was only the first epistle to the Thessalonians. Days are short, and travelling every day, I do very little.

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I prayed often, read the second epistle to the Thessalonians, first and second epistles to Timothy, by half after nine o’clock in the morning. I am kept in peace and uprightness of heart, desire, and action. O, that every moment were devoted to God! that I could do more to his glory! I rode to Gitting Bradley’s, and preached to about eighty people: was led out, in speaking on 1 John 1:7, 8, to a quiet, unfeeling people. I then drew a subscription for building a chapel here. My mind is in peace; praise God!

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I set out for Nanticoke, and found the family unwilling to part with me. Mr. Samuel Tingley preached at the church at Broad Creek. I had to meet the people at a new place; found about eighty or a hundred, rather wild, who looked with amazing wonder. I was exceedingly severe, from Isaiah 55:6, 7. Was invited to dine with Mrs. A——d, who seemed serious; I came to Joseph Turpin’s, just at night, and spoke with a man under deep concern for his soul, and hope it will turn to good account in the end. I had a subscription bill, and plan, drawn for a preaching house in the Fork.fh45

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I preached at Turpin’s, on 1 Corinthians 1:20-25; but few people, and they, too, unfeeling. I lodged at Henry Killen’s.

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Preached at White Brown’s, on Ephesians 2:19-22. I had some liberty, but it is a day of small things. We obtained some subscribers, and laid out an acre of ground for the purpose of erecting our preaching house. I am kept by much prayer and grace. I had the curiosity to read Graham’s Journey through England.fh46 He gives a large account of the churches, and noblemen’s seats; but not so accurate on the face of the country, and distance of places.

MARYLAND—DELAWARE

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I preached with some enlargement at Thomas Layton’s, on Hebrews 12:4, to about a hundred people: the work of God increases here.

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Cloudy and rain. This day was appointed for Mrs. Jessop’s funeral. There were about three hundred people; we had the use of the barn. I spoke with great opening, on Hebrews 9:27; was much assisted in showing to my hearers; first, What it is to die; second, The judgment, with the certain consequences of both; third, The appointment for all men once to die; and controverted the argument against being saved from sin, drawn from death—that it is not a punishment to the righteous; that their constitutions being subject to decay, makes it necessary, and in imitation of Christ, to suffer as he did in death, without sin. I went home with Daniel Polk.

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I preached at William Laws’s, on Luke 6, last three verses. There were about a hundred persons: the work goes on. I went to see John Laws, junior, sick, and perhaps near his end.

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Rode to the widow Maston’s, and preached to about seventy people, on Romans 11:12. Brother Pedicord, and brother Micajah Debruler met with me; after more than a fortnight’s trip. I am preparing for quarterly meeting, expecting it will be a great time of the Lord’s power: souls are brought in every day. The death of Mr. Dickenson was something remarkable: full of the world, and judge of Caroline County court; he went to bed well, was taken in an hour after, and soon took his departure out of this to the unseen world. He was often heard to speak against the Methodists; he knows now the truth of these things we controvert.

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I was in close employment, bringing up my journal, and reading the Bible and Testament.

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I was helping to make the arbour to preach under, and

prayed frequently that God might be with us; was not so spiritual as I wished. I read 2 Peter, and so to the end of my Bible. I rose at three o’clock, and spent an hour in prayer and retirement, and gave myself to reading. I do not find the same life when at study, as when riding and preaching every day; though I become tired of both too much.

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I visited the sick, and spent some time in retirement.

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I preached a sacramental sermon from 1 Corinthians 11:28-30; was directed to the awful consequence of an unworthy, and the blessings of a proper, receiving it.

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We all went to church, preachers and people, and received the sacrament. Messrs. Thorne, Neill, and Magaw were present. Mr. Neill preached an affecting passion sermon; after the Lord’s supper, Mr. Magaw preached an excellent sermon. At night I preached in the barn, on “He that saith he abideth in him, ought himself also so to walk, even as he walked.”

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1779. Our quarterly meeting began in Edward

White’s barn. The three clergymen attended with great friendship. I preached on Isaiah 66:6, 7, and had much liberty: there were about a thousand or twelve hundred people, and the greater part were serious; brother Richard Garrettson and brother Ruff exhorted.

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I preached again on 1 Thessalonians 2:13, with more power and application to the people: we held our love feast in the morning; preaching at twelve o’clock; brothers Hartley and McClure exhorted. There were as many people, or rather more than yesterday; the barn and treading-floor filled. We had a close conversation with the clergy, who informed themselves of our rules, and were willing to give us all the assistance they could by word and deed.

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We parted in much affection and great love. We appointed to meet at Mr. Thorne’s, Monday three weeks. The Lord hath done great things for us among the people: may he make and keep us humble! I am unwell with so much exercise. The weather favoured us much; after a little rain, it cleared away a fine, pure, healthy day, only cool; all went well; there was great harmony among us, though men of different political principles; we suppressed these, and all was love. There was an extraordinary deliverance this morning; brother Edward White’s boy, about six years old, fell into the well; was prevented by his sister from falling head foremost, but no more; young as he was he held the bucket: went down as far as the bucket would go, came up, let go the bucket, took hold of the sides of the well, and saved himself; his father went down and brought him up: all these things demand notice and thanksgiving.

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I rose early: prayed several times before I left the room, and wrote to the stewards in Philadelphia. Most of my time to-day was taken up in writing: I am kept in peace with God: I am watchful. I here give a short and extraordinary account of the case of Achsah Borden.fh47 From her childhood she was attentive to reading her Bible, and ofttimes had serious thoughts of eternity: one day, reading and meditating, an uncommon light and comfort flowed into her heart. Her soul cried out, “Sweet Jesus!” and was convinced Christ was her Saviour; her friends observing for a season that she was very serious, feared a melancholy; which to prevent, they gathered their friends and neighbours, with music and dancing, thinking to rouse her (as they said) from her stupidity, or charm off her religious frenzy. Through various temptations she was prevailed upon to go into company, of course, into sin: she lost her comfort, and afterward fell into deep distress: she had heard of the Methodists, and was anxious to go to them that they might pray for her. Those with whom she was, paid no regard to her importunity, but locked her up in a room, and ordered all the knives to be taken away. She knew their meaning, but says she was under no temptation to destroy or lay violent hands upon herself. Soon after this her speech failed her, so that she only spoke half sentences, and would be stopped by inability; but by grasping anything hard in her hand, she could speak with difficulty and deliberation; but soon lost this power, and a dumb spirit took perfect possession of her: she said, then it was impressed on her mind, “The effectual and fervent prayer of a righteous man availeth much.” She heard the Methodists were a people that prayed much, and still retained her desire to go amongst them, and by signs made it known to her friends. And after about one year’s silence, her mother was prevailed upon to go with her to New Mills, New Jersey, (about thirteen miles distant,) where there was a society and meeting house: they knew no Methodists, nor could get any one to tell them where to find any, notwithstanding they were now in the midst of them. Satan hindered: inquiry was made among the Baptists, who knew the Methodists, of whom we might have expected better things. They returned home, and after another year’s waiting in silence, by signs her mother was persuaded to come to New Mills again: they fell in with the Baptists again; but turning from them, with much difficulty, and some hours’ wandering, they found one to direct them. They went where a number were met for prayer; the brethren saw into her case, believing it was a dumb spirit, and that God would cast him out. Prayer was made part of three days: the third day at evening she cried for mercy, soon spoke and praised God, from a sense of comforting, pardoning love. During the two years of her silence, she would not work at all, nor do the smallest thing.

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Set apart for fasting and prayer: though tempted at times, I shall not be overcome: I had rather die than sin against God. I read about one hundred octavo pages, then applied to the Bible for the exercises of the remaining part of the day: I began the reading of my Bible through again: read a few chapters in Genesis, visited the sick in the neighbourhood, but ate nothing till six o’clock at night; had various struggles, but the grace of God is sufficient for me at all times: glory be to Jesus!

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I set out for Boyer’s, called at Joseph Purden’s, who was convinced about two years ago by my preaching, but through fear and want of resolution was kept back: he said my preaching always came home to him; now he has found peace.

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I preached at Boyer’s, on Luke vi, and last verse; then rode to town, and heard a most excellent sermon, on “Follow peace with all men, and holiness.” The sermon was close, and much to the purpose. I preached on 1 Corinthians 1:19-23, very close, and endeavoured to tear away their props and false dependencies. I lodged at Mr. Magaw’s.

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I rode to Hilliard’s, where, with much comfort, I preached to about forty people, and had the most liberty I ever felt here before. I read a part of the Confession of Faith; some good, and other very strong things in it. I thought the case of Robert Turnerfh48 worth notice: he came from the Jerseys into this peninsula, and was useful in preaching. Lewis Alfrey was convinced by him, who had been an extravagant sinner, and afterward became a useful preacher. The said Turner went home to his family, to settle his affairs, and intended to travel after a few weeks; brother Ruff, from a great call, pressed him to go into the circuit before the time he intended; Ruff said, “Suppose you had but a fortnight to live, would you not go?” Turner answered he would. By the time Ruff came round, about a fortnight, Turner died with the small-pox!

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I spent my time in reading a part of the Confession of Faith and Catechism, and transcribing a few sections; I read two chapters, and preached on the Epistle to the Laodiceans; I was assisted in speaking, and inwardly mourned over the people. Though very severely tried at times, I have great feelings in prayer, and sweet consolation. I find the Lord revives my soul, and I am greatly assisted; I preached at Alfrey’s to about thirty people. I have been greatly led out every time I have spoken on this visit.

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I rose with a sense of the Divine presence, in wrestling

prayer; I find peace, though not without some darts from Satan: I read three chapters in the Bible; rode to the widow Howard’s, and preached on Isaiah 53:1. I spoke as plain as I could, but I fear to little purpose; rode to friend Heathers’s,fh49 and found more love to these people than formerly.

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I preached to about forty people, at Hilliard’s, thirty at Alfrey’s, and forty at Howard’s; I had liberty in speaking on the faithful and wise servant, at the Forest chapel.

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I spoke on Galatians 6:16-18, and was pointed, but there was no great moving among the people: I dwelt upon the life and power of religion: if they understood me, I fear they did not feel the word. I kept this day in fasting, till near four o’clock, then took a cup of milk and bread: I have read the Confession of Faith and the Assembly’s Catechism: they are calculated to convert the judgment, and make the people systematical Christians.

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I went to Wells’s, and had about forty hearers. I spoke on Zechariah, eighth chapter and last verse: “We will go with you: for we have heard that God is with you.” Brother Garrettson preached at Shaw’s at night. I received a letter from Mr. Jarratt, who is greatly alarmed, but it is too late:fh50 he should have begun his opposition before. Our zealous dissenting brethren are for turning all out of the society who will not submit to their administration. I find the spirit of separation grows among them, and fear that it will generate malevolence, and evil speaking: after all my labour, to unite the Protestant Episcopal ministry to us, they say, “We don’t want your unconverted ministers; the people will not receive them.” I expect to turn out shortly among them, and fear a separation will be unavoidable: I am determined, if we cannot save all, to save a part; but for the divisions of Reuben there will be great heart searchings!

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I preached at the chapel,fh51 to about four hundred serious people, from John 4:48: I spoke for near two hours; perhaps it is the last time. I preached at Shaw’s in the afternoon, on Numbers 10:29, and following verses, to about three hundred people, and had much sweetness: surely there will be a work here. I have been pressed to go to Virginia: time and circumstances must shortly determine whether I go to the north or south.

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I rode twelve miles, to Stephen Black’s, and preached on John 12:48, to about sixty people. I had some opening, and met the class. I am kept in peace, though under reasoning about what is right and wrong; but I am determined to be on the sure side.

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Rode to Callahan’s,fh52 and had about fifty people: spoke on “The kingdom of God is not in word but in power.” I then returned to Thomas White’s.

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I rode to Stradley’s: had about sixty people to hear: met the society of about twenty-two members, all serious, and under good impressions. I was surprised to find them so clear in their ideas of religion, and was blest among them: returned to Thomas White’s, met the people, gave a warm, searching exhortation. I am troubled about our separating brethren, in Virginia: I have read through the Book of Genesis; and again have read the Confession of Faith, the Assembly’s Catechism, Directory of Church Government, and Form for the Public Worship: now I understand it better than I like it. I purposed to rise at four o’clock, as often as I can, and spend two hours in prayer and meditation; two hours in reading, and one in recreating and conversation; and in the evening, to take my room at eight, pray and meditate an hour, and go to bed at nine o’clock: all this I purpose to do, when not travelling; but to rise at four o’clock every morning.

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Spent the day in reading and prayer, but was sorely tempted; wrote letters to William Lynch, William Watters, and the venerable Otterbein.

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I kept a day of fasting and humiliation.

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Ended the reading of Salmon’s Grammar, more than six hundred pages.

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Preached on John 5:44, to the end of the chapter, and was clear and pointed: the people are stirred up, but there are disorders among them, occasioned by their unfaithfulness. Met the society, and afterward the Africans.

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Rose between four and five, spent an hour in prayer and

meditation, read a few chapters in the Bible before it was day-light: I want to be all devoted to God; every moment given up to Christ. Rode to Maxfield’s, and preached to about three hundred people; spoke on “Lord, are there few that be saved?” First, showed, What we are to be saved from.

2. How we are saved. 3. Why there are few. No open sinner can be in a state of salvation; no formalist, violent sectarian, having only opinions and modes of religion; no hypocrites or backsliders; no, nor those who are only seekers. I came back, was much tried, prayed to the Lord for peace, and opened my Bible on these words: “So the service was prepared, and the priests stood in their places, and the Levites in their courses, according to the king’s commandment.”

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Rode to Robert Layton’s, and preached to about thirty people, from “Through much tribulation we must enter into the kingdom of God.” Spoke as my own experience led me; then returned to Edward White’s, and lectured on Moses meeting his father-in-law. (Exodus 18.) There were not many people, but they were happy.

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Rode to the widow Jump’s, and preached to about thirty

souls, on “Why sayest thou, O Jacob, and speakest thou, O Israel,” &c. There is a declension here; but I follow my own feelings. A great sweetness has attended me this day, although I drank of the wormwood and the gall in the morning. When I get out into the work, I am always happy.

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Rose at four o’clock, and had a sweet time in meditation and prayer, from four to six; purpose to spend two hours in the morning, and one at night, in these blessed exercises. Began this morning to read books on the practice of physic: I want to help the bodies and souls of men.

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Preached at William Laws’s to about a hundred people; spoke on Numbers 10:29. While meeting the class, some appeared greatly affected: this evening I read in the Bible, and some books on physic: also exhorted; for the people press upon us to hear the word.

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Was kept in a calm after the devil had been tearing my soul like a lion; but he hath left me for a season. I looked into Rutherford’s Letters,fh53 and they were blest to me: also looked into Doddridge’s Rise and Progress of Religion, and that was also blessed to me. My soul is waiting on the Lord for full Christian perfection. I poured out my soul to the Lord for this, and for my brethren in all parts of the world, that the power of religion may continue with us, as a people. I tremble to think of the cloud of the Divine presence departing from us; if this should be, I hope not to live to see it; and with Mr. Wesley, desire that God may rather scatter the people to the ends of the earth; I had rather they should not be, than to be a dead society:—Amen, says poor William Spencer.

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Preached at the widow Brady’s before church, on Hebrews 10:12, and following verses; had some liberty in speaking: afterward went to church, received the sacrament, and returned to Brady’s, and heard Joseph Cromwell, an original indeed—no man’s copy. Spent a day with Mr. Thorne.

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I intended to go to Choptank, but Mr. Magaw was coming down to preach a funeral sermon, and desired me to stay. We spent an evening at the widow Brady’s together, and had some talk about erecting a Kingswood school in America.

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Rode twelve miles to Cardeen’s,fh54 and

preached to about one hundred serious people, and I hope there will be good done: met Mr. Airey,fh55 from Dorchester county, who was convinced by reading the writings of old Mr. Perkins. Mr. Airey solicits preaching in that county. I have taken cold by some means, it has brought on an inflammation in my throat.

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There fell a very heavy rain, that prevented my going to Johnny-cake Landing.fh56

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Preached at Andrew Purden’s to a large congregation: spoke with great power from “His name shall be called Jesus.” Afterward preached at Jonathan Sipple’s, on John 2:8; there was some moving among the people.

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Visited the sick, Cranmer, a faithful soul, and Ruth Smith, wearing away fast with a consumption, but praising God, and continually preaching Christ.

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A stormy, rainy day: went to Lewis’s, but none came. I must spend the whole night in prayer, after the example of my Lord; for temptation is to try me; perhaps for my good, as I have many things to lift me up. Brother Hartley is now married,fh57 and begins to care for his wife. I have spent but little time to-day in reading or writing. There is a prospect of a work of religion in this State, if the preachers are faithful; but I fear none more than myself; yet, sure I am that I want to be the Lord’s. The hard, cold weather is broke at last. People suffer much more in winter by cold, and in summer by heat, here than in England. I find the care of a wife begins to humble my young friend, and makes him very teachable: I have thought he always carried great sail; but he will have ballast now.

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Preached at D. Dehadway’s, to about two hundred people,

and spoke livingly from 2 Corinthians 6:17, 18. I was led out greatly. Preached at night at Joseph Purden’s, from 1 Corinthians 15:58, and had much liberty. One of the devil’s camps, a tavern, is broken up here; for most of their neighbours have forsaken them.

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Rode to Stradley’s, and preached on Luke 4:17, 18. I had life, and there were more people than I expected. I came to Thomas White’s, and went to see James Patterson, very ill; he appears to decline swiftly.

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I went to Cardeen’s; a dreadful road, eight miles through the woods, and very cold. I spoke with great warmth on 1 John 3:4, 5. Always, when most tried I have the greatest liberty.

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