1750

A large congregation met at four o’clock, and

began the year of Jubilee in a better manner than they at Rome are accustomed to do. On several days this week I called upon many who had left their “first love,” but they none of them justified themselves: One and all pleaded “Guilty before God.” Therefore there is reason to hope that He will return, and will abundantly pardon.

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I read, to my no small amazement, the account given by

Monsieur Montgeron, both of his own conversion, and of the other miracles wrought at the tomb of Abbe Paris. I had always looked upon the whole affair as a mere legend, as I suppose most Protestants do; but I see no possible way to deny these facts, without invalidating all human testimony. I may full as reasonably deny there is such a person as Mr. Montgeron, or such a city as Paris, in the world. Indeed, in many of these instances I see great superstition as well as strong faith. But the “times of ignorance God” does “wink at” still; and bless the faith, notwithstanding the superstition.

If it be said, “But will not the admitting these miracles establish Popery?” Just the reverse. Abbe Paris lived and died in open opposition to the grossest errors of Popery; and in particular to that diabolical Bull Unigenitus, which destroys the very foundations of Christianity.

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I read Prayers and preached at Snowsfields, to a crowded

congregation, at seven in the morning. I then hastened to the chapel in West Street; and, after the service there, to Knightsbridge, where I had promised to preach in the afternoon, for the benefit of the poor children. The little church was quite full before I came. Knowing it to be the greatest charity to awaken those that sleep in sin, I preached on, “What is a man profited, if he shall gain the whole world, and lose his own soul?”

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In the evening I read Prayers at the chapel in West Street, and Mr. Whitefield preached a plain, affectionate discourse. Sunday, 21. He read Prayers, and I preached: So, by the blessing of God, one more stumbling block is removed.

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I prayed in the morning at the Foundery, and Howell Harris preached: A powerful orator, both by nature and grace; but he owes nothing to art or education.

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I was desired to call on one that was sick, though I had small hopes of doing him any good; he had been so harmless a man for ninety years: Yet he was not out of God’s reach. He was quickly convinced that his own righteousness could not recommend him to God. I could then pray for him in confidence of being heard. A few days after he died in peace.

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I read Prayers, and Mr. Whitefield preached. How wise is God in giving different talents to different Preachers! Even the little improprieties both of his language and manner were a means of profiting many, who would not have been touched by a more correct discourse, or a more calm and regular manner of speaking.

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I rode to Canterbury. The congregation in the evening was deeply serious, and most of them present again at five in the morning. I hope God will again have much people in this place, who will worship him with more knowledge, and as much earnestness, as their forefathers did the Virgin Mary, or even St. Thomas a Becket.

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I designed to preach abroad in the evening, the House being far too small for the congregation; but the rain and wind would not suffer it. Wednesday, 31. I examined the society, one by one. Some, I found, could already rejoice in God, and all seemed to be hungering after it.

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I preached in the evening at Shoreham; and Saturday, 3, returned to London.

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I preached at Hayes. What a change is here within a year or two! Instead of the parishioners going out of church, the people come now from many miles round. The church was filled in the afternoon likewise; and all behaved well but the singers, whom I therefore reproved before the congregation; and some of them were ashamed.

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I rode to Mrs. C——, at St. Ann’s, near Chertsey. It was her design that I should preach in the evening in her summer house, a large eight squareroom, which was supported by a frame of wood. This was quickly filled: But as it was not intended to bear such a weight, the main beam beneath split in sunder. This I did not then know; but finding the room too small, I went out and stood in the gallery before it. The people then came out too, went down, and stood below, without any hurry or confusion.

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It was about a quarter after twelve, that the earthquake began at the skirts of the town. It began in the southeast, went through Southwark, under the river, and then from one end of London to the other. It was observed at Westminster and Grosvenor Square a quarter before one. (Perhaps, if we allow for the difference of the clocks, about a quarter of an hour after it began in Southwark.) There were three distinct shakes, or wavings to and fro, attended with an hoarse, rumbling noise, like thunder. How gently does God deal with this nation! O that our repentance may prevent heavier marks of his displeasure!

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We had a comfortable watch-night at the chapel. About eleven o’clock it came into my mind, that this was the very day and hour in which, forty years ago, I was taken out of the flames. I stopped, and gave a short account of that wonderful providence. The voice of praise and thanksgiving went up on high, and great was our rejoicing before the Lord. On Monday, 12, I had designed to set out for Bristol: But I could not go yet, there was such a flame kindled in London. However, I rode to Brentford, and preached as I had appointed; and then went on to Chertsey. Word had been industriously spread about the town, that I would not come that night. However, many came to see whether I would or no; to whom I offered “the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ.”

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The watch-night at the Foundery seemed the shortest I had ever known. Indeed, we knew not how the hours stole away, while prayer was lost in praise and thanksgiving.

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We had a solemn fastday, meeting, as before, at five, seven, ten, and one. Many of the rich were at the chapel in the evening. “Who hath warned you to flee from the wrath to come?”

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After preaching at Snowsfields, I went into a friend’s house. A poor sinner indeed followed me, one who was broken in pieces by the convincing Spirit, and uttered such cries as pierced the hearts of all that heard. We poured out our souls before God in prayer, and light sprung up ill her heart.

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Today, likewise, wherever we assembled together, God caused his power to be known; but particularly at the lovefeast. The honest simplicity with which several spoke, in declaring the manner of God’s dealings with them, set the hearts of others on fire. And the flame spread more and more, till, having stayed near an hour longer than usual, we were constrained to part.

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I preached at Windsor about one, and at St. Ann’s in the evening. The congregation was large, and extremely still and attentive, a very few persons excepted.

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Mr. M—— had given notice, without my knowledge, that I would preach at Hayes on Tuesday. I was afraid few would trouble themselves to hear: But I was deceived; for there was a large congregation. Surely some of these will at length understand “the things which belong unto their peace.”

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I preached in the old French church, in Gray Eagle Street, Spitalfields. It was extremely full, and many of the hearers were greatly moved: But who will endure to the end?

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Having been sent for several times, I went to see a young woman in Bedlam. But I had not talked with her long, before one gave me to know, that none of these Preachers were to come there. So we are forbid to go to Newgate, for fear of making them wicked; and to Bedlam, for fear of driving them mad!

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I at length forced myself from London. We dined a little beyond Colnbrook, spoke plain to all in the house, and left them full of thankfulness, and of good resolutions.

I preached at Reading in the evening; and in the morning, Wednesday, 28, took horse, with the north wind fill in our face. It was piercingly cold, so that I could scarce feel whether I had any hands or feet, when I came to Blewbury. After speaking severally to the members of the society, I preached to a large congregation. In the evening I met my brother at Oxford, and preached to a small, serious company.

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In riding to Cirencester I read Dr. Bates’s Elenchus

Motuum nuperorum in Anglia. His Latin is not much inferior to Caesar’s, whom he seems studiously to imitate; and his thoughts are generally just; only that he has no more mercy on the Puritans, than upon Cromwell. I dined at an house beyond Farringdon, where both the man and his wife appeared thankful for instruction. I preached at Cirencester in the evening, to a large, but not serious congregation. Friday, 2. I left this uncomfortable place, and in the afternoon came to Bristol.

Many miserable comforters were with me soon, complaining, one after another, of the want of lively Preachers, the hurt the Germans had done to some, and R—— W—— to others; and the almost universal coldness, heaviness, and deadness among the people.

I knew but one that could help; so we called upon God, to arise and maintain his own cause. And this evening we had a token for good; for his word was as a two-edged sword.

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I desired John W—— to preach at five; and I no longer wondered at the deadness of his hearers. I preached at Kingswood at eight, and God spoke to many hearts: Yea, and to a few even at Connam. But the greatest blessing was in the evening at Bristol, when we were all convinced, God had not “forgotten to be gracious.”

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I began writing a short French Grammar. We observed

Wednesday, 7, as a day of fasting and prayer. I preached at five on, “Repent, and do the first works.” The time from seven to nine, from ten to twelve, and from one to three, we spent in prayer, and at our last meeting especially found that God was in the midst of us.

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I desired all the Preachers that were in Bristol to meet me at four in the afternoon; and so everyday while I was in town. In the evening God rent the rocks again. I wondered at the words he gave me to speak. But he doeth whatsoever pleaseth him.

Today God gave the people of London a second warning; of which my brother wrote as follows: —

“This morning, a quarter after five, we had another shock of an earthquake, far more violent than that of February 8. I was just repeating my text, when it shook the Foundery so violently, that we all expected it to fall upon our heads. A great cry followed from the women and the children. I immediately cried out, ‘Therefore will we not fear, though the earth be moved, and the hills be carried into the midst of the sea: For the Lord of hosts is with us; the God of Jacob is our refuge.’ He filled my heart with faith, and my mouth with words, shaking their souls as well as their bodies.”

The earth moved westward, then east, then westward again, through all London and Westminster. It was a strong and jarring motion, attended with a rumbling noise, like that of distant thunder. Many houses were much shaken, and some chimneys thrown down, but without any farther hurt.

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I talked at large with the Masters of Kingswood School, concerning the children and the management. They all agreed, that one of the boys studiously labored to corrupt the rest. I would not suffer him to stay any longer under the roof, but sent him home that very hour.

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I began visiting the society at Kingswood, strangely continuing without either increase or decrease. On the following days I visited that at Bristol. What cause have we to be humbled over this people! Last year more than an hundred members were added: This year near an hundred are lost. Such a decay has not been in this society before, ever since it began to meet together.

I should willingly have spent more time at Bristol; finding more and more proofs that God was reviving his work; but that the accounts I received from Ireland made me think it my duty to be there as soon as possible: So, on Monday, 19, I set out with Christopher Hopper for the New Passage. When we came there, the wind was high, and almost full against us: Nevertheless we crossed in less than two hours, and reached Cardiff before night; where I preached at seven, and found much refreshment.

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Expecting to preach at Aberdarc, sixteen Welsh miles from Cardiff, I rode thither over the mountains. But we found no notice had been given: So, after resting an hour, we set out for Brecknock. The rain did not intermit at all, till we came within sight of it. Twice my horse fell down, and threw me over his head; but without any hurt, either to man or beast.

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We rode to Builth, where we found notice had been given, that Howell Harris would preach at noon. By this means a large congregation was assembled; but Howell did not come: So, at their request, I preached. Between four and five Mr. Philips set out with us for Royader. I was much out of order in the morning: However, I holden out to Llanidloes, and then lay down. After an hour’s sleep I was much better, and rode on to Machynlleth.

About an hour and an half before we came to Dolgelly, the heavy rain began. We were on the brow of the hill, so we took all that came, our horses being able to go but half a footpace. But we had amends made us at our inn: John Lewis, and all his house, gladly joined with us in prayer; and all we spoke to, appeared willing to hear and to receive the truth in love.

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Before we looked out, we heard the roaring of the wind, and the beating of the rain. We took horse at five. It rained incessantly all the way we rode. And when we came on the great mountain, four miles from the town, (by which time I was wet from my neck to my waist,) it was with great difficulty I could avoid being born over my mare’s head, the wind being ready to carry us all away: Nevertheless, about ten we came safe to Dannabull, praising Him who saves both man and beast.

Our horses being well tired, and ourselves thoroughly wet, we rested the remainder of the day; the rather, because several of the family understood English, — an uncommon thing in these parts. We spoke closely to these; and they appeared much affected, particularly when we all joined in prayer.

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We set out at five, and at six came to the sands. But the tide was in, so that we could not pass: So I sat down in a little cottage for three or four hours, and translated Aldrich’s “Logic.” About ten we passed, and before five came to Baldon Ferry, and found the boat ready for us: But the boatmen desired us to stay awhile, saying, the wind was too high, and the tide too strong. The secret was, they stayed for more passengers; and it was well they did: For while we were walking to and fro, Mr. Jenkin Morgan came; at whose house, near halfway between the Ferry and Holyhead, I had lodged three years before. The night soon came on; but our guide, knowing all the country, brought us safe to his own door.

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I preached at Howell Thomas’s, in Trefollwin parish, to a small, earnest congregation. As many did not understand, one of the brethren repeated the substance of the sermon in Welsh. In the afternoon I went to William Pritchard’s, though much against my will, as there was none there to interpret, and I was afraid very few of my hearers could understand English. But I was mistaken: The congregation was larger than I had ever seen in Anglesey. A considerable number of them understood English tolerably well; and the looks, sighs, and gestures of those that did not, showed that God was speaking to their hearts. It was a glorious opportunity: The whole congregation seemed to be melted down: So little do we know the extent of God’s power. If he will work, what shall hinder him?

The wind being contrary, I accepted of the invitation of an honest Exciseman, (Mr. Holloway,) to stay at his house till it should change. Here I was in a little, quiet, solitary spot, (mazime animo exoptatum meo!) 7 where no human voice was heard, but those of the family. On Tuesday I desired Mr. Hopper to ride over to Holyhead, and inquire concerning our passage. He brought word, that we might probably pass in a day or two: So on Wednesday we both went thither. Here we overtook John Jane, who had set out on foot from Bristol, with three shillings in his pocket. Six nights out of the seven since he set out, he had been entertained by utter strangers. He went by us we could not tell how, and reached Holyhead on Sunday with one penny left.

By him we sent back our horses to Mr. Morgan’s. I had a large congregation in the evening. It almost grieved me, I could give them but one sermon, now they were at length willing to hear. About eleven we were called to go on board, the wind being quite fair: And so it continued till we were just out of the harbor. It then turned west, and blew a storm. There was neither moon nor stars, but rain and wind enough; so that I was soon tired of staying on deck. But we met another storm below: For who should be there, but the famous Mr. Gr——, of Carnarvonshire, — a clumsy, overgrown, hard faced man; whose countenance I could only compare to that (which I saw in Drury Lane thirty years ago) of one of the ruffians in “Macbeth.” I was going to lie down, when he tumbled in, and poured out such a volley of ribaldry, obscenity, and blasphemy, every second or third word being an oath, as was scarce ever heard at Billingsgate. Finding there was no room for me to speak, I retired into my cabin, and left him to Mr. Hopper. Soon after, one or two of his own company interposed, and carried him back to his cabin.

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we wrought our way four or five leagues toward Ireland; but were driven back in the afternoon to the very mouth of the harbor: Nevertheless, the wind shifting one or two points, we ventured out again; and by midnight we were got about half seas over; but the wind then turning full against us, and blowing hard, we were driven back again, and were glad, about nine, to get into the bay once more.

In the evening I was surprised to see, instead of some pool, plain people, a room full of men daubed with gold and silver. That I might not go out of their depth, I began expounding the story of Dives and Lazarus. It was more applicable than I was aware; several of them (as I afterwards learned) being eminently wicked men. I delivered my own soul; but they could in nowise bear it. One and another walked away, murmuring sorely. Four stayed till I drew to a close: They then put on their hats, and began talking to one another. I mildly reproved them; on which they rose up and went away, raining and blaspheming. I had then a comfortable hour with a company of plain, honest Welshmen.

In the night there was a vehement storm. Blessed be God that we were safe on shore! Saturday, 31. I determined to wait one week longer, and if we could not sail then, to go and wait for a ship at Bristol. At seven in the evening, just as I was going down to preach, I heard a huge noise, and took knowledge of the rabble of gentlemen. They had now strengthened themselves with drink and numbers, and placed Captain Gr—— (as they called him) at their head. He soon burst open both the outward and inner door, struck old Robert Griffith, our landlord, several times, kicked his wife, and, with twenty full mouthed oaths and curses, demanded, “Where is the Parson?” Robert Griffith came up, and desired me to go into another room, where he locked me in. The Captain followed him quickly, broke open one or two doors, and got on a chair, to look on the top of a bed: But his foot slipping, (as he was not a man made for climbing,) he fell down backward all his length. He rose leisurely, turned about, and, with his troop, walked away.

I then went down to a small company of the poor people, and spent half an hour with them in prayer. About nine, as we were preparing to go to bed, the house has beset again. The Captain burst in first. Robert Griffith’s daughter was standing in the passage with a pail of water, with which (whether with design or in her fright, I know not) she covered him from head to foot. He cried as well as he could, “Murder! Murder!” and stood very still for some moments. In the mean time Robert Griffith stepped by him, and locked the door. Finding himself alone, he began to change his voice, and cry, “Let me out! Let me out!” Upon his giving his word and honor, that none of the rest should come in, they opened the door, and all went away together.

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We designed to set out early for Mr. Holloway’s; but the

rain kept us till eight o’clock. We then set out, having one of Holyhead for our guide, reached a church six or seven miles off, about eleven, (where we stopped till the Service was ended,) and went on to William Pritchard’s, near Llanerellymadd. I had appointed to preach there at four. I found the same spirit as before among this loving, simple people. Many of our hearts burned within us; and I felt what I spoke, “The kingdom of God is at hand.”

Many who were come from the town earnestly pressed me to go and preach there, assuring me it was the general desire of the inhabitants. I felt a strong aversion to it, but would not refuse, not knowing what God might have to do. So I went: But we were scarce set down, when the “sons of Belial,” from all parts, gathered together, and compassed the house. I could just understand their oaths and curses, which were broad English, and sounded on every side. The rest of their language was lost upon me, as mine was upon them. Our friends would have had me stay within; but I judged it best to look them in the face while it was open day. So I bade them open the door, and Mr. Hopper and I walked straight through the midst of them. Having procured a guide, we then went on without hindrance, to our retreat, at Mr. Holloway’s. Surely this journey will he for good; for hitherto we have had continual storms, both by sea and land.

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Mr. William Jones, of Trefollwin, called and told us an Exhorter was preaching a little way off. We went and found him on the Common, standing on a little rock, in the midst of an attentive congregation. After he had done, I preached, and then returned to my study at Langefnye.

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I read over great part of Gerard’s Meditationes Sacrae; — a book recommended to me in the strongest terms. But alas! how was I disappointed! They have some masterly strokes, but are in general trite and flat, the thoughts being as poor as the Latin. It is well every class of writers has a class of readers, or they would never have come to a second impression.

About noon I preached two miles west of Llanerellymadd at noon, and in the evening, about a quarter of a mile further. Not one scoffer is found in these congregations; but whoever hears, hears for his life.

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I preached near Llanerellymadd at noon, and at Trefollwin in the evening. Observing at night the wind was changed, I rode to Holyhead early in the morning. It ship was just ready to sail; so we went on board, and in the evening landed at Dublin.

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I preached morning, afternoon, and evening, and then exhorted the society to stand fast in the good old Bibleway; and not move from it, to the right hand or to the left.

I found Mr. Lunell in so violent a fever, that there was little hope of his life. But he revived the moment he saw me, and fell into a breathing sweat. He began to recover from that time. Perhaps for this also was I sent.

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I found, upon inquiry, many things had been represented to me worse than they really were. But it is well; if they had not been so represented, I should scarce have come over this year.

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I learned the real case of Roger Ball. He first deceived Mr. L—— and W—— T——; who quickly agreed, that so valuable a man must be employed immediately. So he was invited to preach to our congregation, and received as one of our family. But it soon appeared what manner of man he was, full of guile, and of the most abominable errors; one of which was, that a believer had a right to all women. I marvel he has turned only three persons out of the way.

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I found some of the fruits of his labors. One of the Leaders told me frankly, he had left off communicating for some time; for St. Paul said, “Touch not, taste not, handle not.” And all seemed to approve of dropping the preaching on Tuesday and Thursday, seeing “the dear Lamb is the only Teacher.”

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I breakfasted with one of the society, and found she had a lodger I little thought of. It was the famous Mrs. Pilkington, who soon made an excuse for following me up stairs. I talked with her seriously about an hour we then sung “Happy Magdalene.” She appeared to be exceedingly struck; how long the impression may last, God knows. We dined at Mr. P——’s. A young married woman was there, who was lately a zealous Papist, and had converted several Protestant heretics to the Romish faith: But setting on some of the Methodists, they converted her; at least, convinced her of the great truths of the Gospel. Immediately her relations, her husband in particular, renounced her. But she was moved by none of these things; desiring nothing on earth, but to experience the faith which once she persecuted.

In the evening I was sent for by one who had reasoned himself out of all his Christianity; and was now in doubt, whether the soul would survive the body. Surely even speculative faith is the gift of God; nor, without him, can we hold even this fast.

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J—— R—— came from Cork, and brought us a farther account of what had been transacted there. From the beginning of February to the end of it, King Nicholas had reigned: How he still used his power, may appear from two or three instances:

WILLIAM JEWELL, clothier; of Shannon Church Lane, deposes: — That Nicholas Butler, with a riotous mob, several times assaulted this deponent’s house: That particularly on February 23d, he came thither with a large mob: That several of the rioters entered the house, and swore, the first who resisted, they would blow his brains out: That the deponent’s wife, endeavoring to stop them, was assaulted and beaten by the said Butler; who then ordered his men to break the windows; which they did, with stones of a considerable weight.

MARY PHILIPS, of St. Peter’s Church Lane, deposes: —

That on February 26, about seven in the evening, N. B. came to her house with a large mob, and asked where her husband was: That as soon as she appeared, he first abused her in the grossest terms, and they struck her on the head, so that it stunned her; and she verily believes, had not some within thrust to, and fastened, the door, she should have been murdered on the spot.

ELIZABETH GARDELET, wife of Joseph Gardelet, Corporal in Colonel Pawlet’s regiment, Captain Charlton’s company, deposes: — That on February 28, as she was going out of her lodgings, being big with child, she was met by Butler and his mob: That Butler, without any manner of provocation, immediately fell upon her, striking her with both his fists on the side of her head, which beat her head against the wall: That she endeavored to escape from him; but he pursued her, and struck her several times in the face: That she ran into the schoolyard for shelter; but he followed, caught hold of her, saying, “You whore, you stand on consecrated ground;” and threw her with such force across the lane, that she was driven against the opposite wall: That when she had recovered herself a little, she made the best of the way to her lodging; but he still pursued her, and overtook her, as she was going up the stairs: That he struck her with his fist on the stomach, which stroke knocked her down backward: That, falling with the small of her back on the edge of one of the stairs, she was not able to rise again: That her pains immediately came upon her, and about two in the morning, she miscarried. These, with several more depositions to the same effect, were, at the Lent Assizes, laid before the Grand Jury: Yet they did not find any of these Bills! But they found one against Daniel Sullivan, (no Preacher, but an hearer of Mr. Wesley,) who, when Butler and his mob were discharging a shower of stones upon him, put them all in bodily fear by discharging a pistol, without any ball, over their heads. If any man wrote this story to England in a quite different manner, and fixed it on a young Methodist Preacher, let him be ashamed.

Several of the persons presented as vagabonds in autumn, appeared at these Assizes. But none appearing against them, they were acquitted, with honor to themselves, and shame to their persecutors; who, by bringing the matter to a judicial determination, plainly showed, “There is law even for Methodists;” and gave His Majesty’s Judge a fair occasion to declare the utter illegality of all riots, and the inexcusableness of tolerating (much more causing) them on any pretense whatsoever.

APRIL 15. — (Being Easter-Day.) I preached, morning and evening; but my voice was so weak, it could scarce be heard.

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One who, upon her turning to God, had been turned out of doors, and disowned by all her relations, (very good Protestants,) was received into the “house of God, not made with hands.” We rejoiced over her in the evening with exceeding joy. Happy they who lose all, and gain Christ!

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I rode with J—— R—— through a heavy rain to Edinderry. The congregation was much larger than I expected; and both in the evening and the morning, we praised God with joyful lips.

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I rode to Portarlington, on a very bad horse, and was glad of a little rest. Sunday, 22. I preached at eight; at Closeland, about two; and between five and six, at Portarlington, to almost all the Gentry in the town, on, “Thou art not far from the kingdom of God.” Monday, 23. I preached at Closeland again; and, the next morning, spoke severally with the members of the society, increased both in number and in the grace of God.

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I died at Mr. K——’s, who had lived utterly without God,

for about seventy years: But God had now made both him and most of his household “partakers of like precious faith.” When I first came into the house, he was in an agony of pain, from an hurt of about forty five years’ standing. I advised to apply hot nettles. The pain presently ceased, and he rose and praised God.

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I examined the class of children, many of whom are rejoicing in God. I they sought after some of the sheep that were lost, and left all I spoke with determined to return. About noon I read the Letters, and in the afternoon rode cheerfully to Mount Mellick. I found the society here much increased in grace, and yet lessened in number: A case which I scarce remember to have met with before, in all England and Ireland. SUN. 29. — I preached at eight, at two, and at five; when some of our most vehement opposers were present, and, by their seriousness and attention, gave us reason to hope they will oppose no more.

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I baptized a man and woman, (late Quakers,) as I had done another the night before. Afterwards I visited the sick. The first we went to had been a Papist, but was cast out for hearing us. While we were at prayer she cried bitterly after God, refusing to be comforted; nor did she cease till He revealed his Son in her heart; which she could not but declare to all that were in the house.

About one I administered the Lord’s Supper to a sick person, with a few of our brethren and sisters. Being straitened for time, I used no extemporary prayer at all; yet the power of God was so unusually present, during the whole time, that several knew not how to contain themselves, being quite overwhelmed with joy and love.

Thence we rode to Tullamore. It being the fair day, many were tolerably drunk. When I began to preach, they made a little disturbance for a while; but the bulk of the audience were deeply attentive.

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I found many of the first were become last, being

returned “as a dog to the vomit.” In the evening my hoarseness (contracted in Dublin) was so increased, that I doubt few of the congregation could hear. In meeting the society, I reproved them sharply for their luke warmness and covetousness. In that hour the spirit of contrition came down, and all of them seemed broken in pieces. At the same time my voice was restored in a moment, so that I could once more sing praise to God.

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I rode to Tyrrel’s Pass, and found more than double the

congregation which I had there last year. The next day, when I spoke to those of the society severally, I had still greater cause to rejoice; finding a great part of them walking in the light, and praising God all the day long.

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I preached about noon at Cooly Lough, and about six in the market-house at Athlone.

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I addressed myself, in the morning, to the backsliders, from, “How shall I give thee up, Ephraim?” At one, to the unawakened, from, “What is a man profited, if he gain the whole world, and lose his own soul?” In the evening I preached to a far larger congregation, on the Connaught side of the river. In the midst of the sermon a man, with a fine curvetting horse, drew off a large part of the audience. I paused a little, and then raising my voice, said, “If there are any more of you who think it is of more concern to see a dancing horse, than to hear the Gospel of Christ, pray go after them.” They took the reproof: The greater part came back directly, and gave double attention.

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When I met the society in the evening, one who had been

always afraid of exposing herself, was struck so that she could not help crying out aloud, being in strong agonies both of soul and body. Indeed her case was quite peculiar. She felt no fear of hell, but an inexpressible sense of the sufferings of Christ, accompanied with sharp bodily pain, as if she had literally suffered with him. We continued in prayer till twelve o’clock, and left her patiently waiting for salvation.

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I dined at Mr. T——’s. Two other Clergymen were present, and Mr. H——, Member of Parliament for the county. We soon fell upon Justification and Inspiration; and after a free conversation, seemed nearly of one mind.

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I read the letters. A famous drunkard and swearer stood as long as he could, and then fell down upon his knees before the whole congregation. All appeared to be much moved. It was with difficulty I broke from them about noon, and rode to Ahaskra; where I preached in the evening, to an exceeding serious congregation, on, “Seek ye the Lord, while he may be found.”

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I talked largely with the two Miss M——’s. The elder, I

found, had once known the love of God, but not kept it long, and seemed to be now earnestly mourning after it. The younger had never left her first love; and in the midst of great bodily weakness, had no fear of death, but “a desire to depart, and to be with Christ.”

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I rode to Mr. Simpson’s, near Oatfield; and in the evening preached at Aghrim, to a well meaning, sleepy people.

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I strove to shake some of them out of sleep, by preaching as sharply as I could. We had such a congregation at church as (it was said) had not been seen there for twenty years before. After church I preached to abundance of Papists as well as Protestants; and now they seemed to be a little more awake.

About five in the afternoon I preached at Ahaskra, to a congregation gathered from all parts. O what a harvest might be in Ireland, did not the poor Protestants hate Christianity worse than either Popery or Heathenism!

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I rode to Birr. The number of people that assembled here in the evening, and at five in the morning, and their serious attention, gave me some hope that there will more good be done even in this place.

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At eleven I preached in the Assembly room at Nenagh, and in the evening at Limerick.

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The church was full at five; and one may truly say, it was full of the presence of God. The evening was cold and blustering, so that I was obliged to preach, though there was by no means room for the congregation. I afterward told the society freely and plainly of their faults. They received it as became men fearing God.

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I dined at Killmallock, once a flourishing city, now a vast heap of ruins. In the afternoon we called at Killdorrery. A Clergyman was there a little before us, who would talk with me, whether I would or no. After an hour’s conversation, we parted in love. But our stay here made it so late before we reached Rathcormuck, that I could not well preach that evening.

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I preached about eleven; and in the afternoon rode on to Cork. About nine in the evening I came to Alderman Pembrock’s.

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Understanding the usual place of preaching would by no

means contain those who desired to hear, about eight I went to Hammond’s Marsh. The congregation was large and deeply attentive. A few of the rabble gathered at a distance; but by little and little they drew near, and mixed with the congregation: So that I have seldom seen a more quiet and orderly assembly at any church in England or Ireland. In the afternoon, a report being spread abroad that the Mayor designed to hinder my preaching on the Marsh in the evening, I desired Mr. Skelton and Mr. Jones to wait upon him, and inquire concerning it. Mr. Skelton asked, if my preaching there would be disagreeable to him; adding, “Sir, if it would, Mr. Wesley will not do it.” He replied warmly, “Sir, I’ll have no mobbing.” Mr. Skelton replied, “Sir, there was none this morning.” He answered, “There was. Are there not churches and meeting-houses enough? I will have no more mobs and riots.” Mr. Skelton replied, “Sir, neither Mr. Wesley nor they that heard him made either mobs or riots.” He answered plain, “I will have no more preaching; and if Mr. Wesley attempts to preach, I am prepared for him.”

I began preaching in our own house soon after five. Mr. Mayor meantime was walking in the ‘Change, and giving orders to the town drummers and to his Sergeants, — doubtless to go down and keep the peace! They accordingly came down to the House, with an innumerable mob attending them. They continued drumming, and I continued preaching, till I had finished my discourse. When I came out, the mob immediately closed me in. Observing one of the Sergeants standing by, I desired him to keep the King’s peace; but he replied, “Sir, I have no orders to do that.” As soon as I came into the street, the rabble threw whatever came to hand; but all went by me, or flew over my head; nor do I remember that one thing touched me. I walked on straight through the midst of the rabble, looking every man before me in the face; and they opened on the right and left, till I came near Dant’s Bridge. A large party had taken possession of this, one of whom was bawling out, “Now, hey for the Romans!” When I came up, they likewise shrunk back, and I walked through them to Mr. Jenkins’s house; but a Papist stood just within the door, and endeavored to hinder my going in; till one of the mob (I suppose aiming at me, but missing) knocked her down flat. I then went in, and God restrained the wild beasts, so that not one attempted to follow me.

But many of the congregation were more roughly handled, particularly Mr. Jones, who was covered with dirt, and escaped with his life almost by miracle. The main body of the mob then went to the House, brought out all the seats and benches, tore up the floor, the door, the frames of the windows, and whatever of wool work remained; part of which they carried off for their own use, and the rest they burnt in the open street. Finding there was no probability of their dispersing, I sent to Alderman Pembrock, who immediately desired Mr. Alderman Windthrop, his nephew, to go down to Mr. Jenkins, with whom I walked up the street, none giving me an unkind or disrespectful word.

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I rode on to Bandon. From three in the afternoon till past seven, the mob of Cork marched in grand procession, and then burnt me in effigy near Dant’s Bridge.

While they were so busily employed, Mr. Haughton took the opportunity of going down to Hammond’s Marsh. He called at a friend’s house there, where the good woman, in great care, locked him in; but observing many people were met, he threw up the sash, and preached to them out of the window. Many seemed deeply affected even of those who had been persecutors before; and they all quietly retired to their several homes before the mob was at leisure to attend them.

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The mob and drummers were moving again, between three

and four in the morning. The same evening they came down to the Marsh, but stood at a distance from Mr. Stockdale’s house, till the drums beat, and the Mayor’s Sergeant beckoned to them, on which they drew up, and began the attack. The Mayor, being sent for, came with a party of soldiers, and said to the mob, “Lads, once, twice, thrice, I bid you go home: Now I have done.” He then went back, taking the soldiers with him; on which the mob, pursuant to their instructions, went on and broke all the glass and most of the window frames in pieces.

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The mob was still patrolling the streets, abusing all that were called Methodists, and threatening to murder them and pull down their houses, if they did not leave this way.

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They again assaulted Mr. Stockdale’s house, broke down the boards he had nailed up against the windows, destroyed what little remained of the windowframes and shutters, and damaged a considerable part of his goods.

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One Roger O’Ferrall fixed up an advertisement at the public Exchange, that he was ready to head any mob, in order to pull down any house that should dare to harbor a swaddler. (A name given to Mr. Cennick first, by a Popish Priest, who heard him speak of a child wrapped in swaddling clothes, and probably did not know the expression was in the Bible, a book he was not much acquainted with.)

All this time God gave us great peace at Bandon, notwithstanding the unwearied labors, both public and private, of good Dr. B——, to stir up the people. But Saturday, 26, many were under great apprehensions of what was to be done in the evening. I began preaching in the main street at the usual hour, but to more than twice the usual congregation. After I had spoke about a quarter of an hour, a Clergyman, who had planted himself near me, with a very large stick in his hand, according to agreement, opened the scene. (Indeed his friends assured me he was in drink, or he would not have done it.) But, before he had uttered many words, two or three resolute women, by main strength, pulled him into a house; and, after expostulating a little, sent him away through the garden. But here he fell violently on her that conducted him, not in anger, but love; (such as it was;) so that she was constrained to repel force by force, and cuff him soundly before he would let her go.

The next champion that appeared was one Mr. M——, a young gentleman of the town. He was attended by two others, with pistols in their hands. But his triumph too was but short; some of the people quickly bore him away, though with much gentleness and civility.

The third came on with greater fury; but he was encountered by a butcher of the town, (not one of the Methodists,) who used him as he would an ox, bestowing one or two hearty blows upon his head. This cooled his courage, especially as none took his part. So I quietly finished my discourse.

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I wrote to the Mayor of Cork, as follows: —

“MR. MAYOR,

“AN hour ago I received ‘A Letter to Mr. Butler,’ just reprinted at Cork. The publishers assert, ‘it was brought down from Dublin, to be distributed among the society; but Mr. Wesley called in as many as he could.’ Both these assertions are absolutely false. I read some lines of that letter when I was in Dublin; but never read it over before this morning. Who the author of it is I know not; but this I know, I never called in one, neither concerned myself about it; much less brought any down to distribute among the society.

“Yet I cannot but return my hearty thanks to the gentlemen who have distributed them through the town. I believe it will do more good than they are sensible of. For though I dislike its condemning the Magistrates and Clergy in general; (several of whom were not concerned in the late proceedings;) yet I think the reasoning is strong and clear; and that the facts referred to therein are not at all misrepresented, will sufficiently appear in due time.

“I fear God and honor the King. I earnestly desire to be at peace with all men: I have not willingly given any offense, either to the Magistrates, the Clergy, or any of the inhabitants of the city of Cork; neither do I desire any thing of them, but to be treated (I will not say as a Clergyman, a Gentleman, or a Christian, but) with such justice and humanity as are due to a Jew, a Turk, or a Pagan. I am, Sir,

“Your obedient servant,

“JOHN WESLEY.”

At eight we had such a glorious shower as usually follows a calm. After church I began preaching again, on, “The Scripture hath concluded all under sin.” In the evening a large multitude flocked together: I believe such a congregation was never before seen in Bandon; and the fear of God was in the midst. A solemn awe seemed to run through the whole multitude, while I enlarged on, “God forbid that I should glory, save in the cross of the Lord Jesus Christ.”

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I rode to Kinsale, one of the pleasantest towns which I have seen in Ireland. At seven I preached at the Exchange, to a few Gentry, many poor people, and abundance of soldiers. All behaved like men that feared God. After sermon came one from Cork, and informed us Mr. W— — had preached both morning and afternoon under the wall of the barracks; that the town drummers came; but the soldiers assaulted them if they went to beat there they would be all cut in pieces; that then the Mayor came himself, at the head of his mob, but could make no considerable disturbance; that he went and talked to the Commanding Officer, but with so little success, that the Colonel came out and declared to the mob, they must make no riot there. Here is a turn of affairs worthy of God! Doth He not rule in heaven and earth?

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I inquired concerning Richard Hutchinson, of whom I had

heard many speak. His mother informed me, “It was about August last, being then above four years old, that he began to talk much of God, and to ask abundance of questions concerning him. From that time he never played nor laughed, but was as serious as one of threescore. He constantly reproved any that cursed or swore, or spoke indecently in his hearing, and frequently mourned over his brother, who was two or three years older, saying, ‘I fear my brother will go to hell; for he does not love God.’ About Christmas I cut off his hair; on which he said, ‘You cut off my hair, because you are afraid I shall have the small-pox; but I am not afraid; I am not afraid to die; for I love God.’ About three weeks ago he sent for all of the society whom he knew, saving he must take his leave of them; which he did, speaking to them, one by one, in the most tender and affectionate manner. Four days after he fell ill of the small-pox, and was light headed almost as soon as he was taken: But all his incoherent sentences were either exhortation, or pieces of hymns, or prayer. The worse he was, the more earnest he was to die, saying, ‘I must go home; I will go home.’ One said, ‘You are at home.’ He earnestly replied, ‘No; this is not my home; I will go to heaven.’ On the tenth day of his illness he raised himself up, and said, ‘Let me go; let me go to my Father; I will go home: Now, now I will go to my Father.’ After which he lay down and died.”

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I rode to Cork. By talking with Captain——, I found there was no depending on the good offices of the Colonel. He had told the Captain with great openness, “If Mr. Wesley preached in the barracks, and the mob were to come and break the windows, I might have a long bill from the Barrackmaster.” Break the widows! Nay, it is well if they had not broken the bones of all the soldiers.

A little before five I walked towards the barracks. The boys quickly gathered, and were more and more turbulent. But in a moment all was quiet. This, I afterwards found, was owing to Mr. W——, who snatched a stick out of a man’s hand, and brandished it over his head, on which the whole troop valiantly ran away.

When we came over the South Bridge, a large mob gathered; but before they were well formed we reached the barrackgate; at a small distance from which I stood and cried, “Let the wicked forsake his way.” The congregation of serious people was large; the mob stood about a hundred yards off. I was a little surprised to observe, that almost all the soldiers kept together in a body near the gate, and knew not but the report might be true, that, on a signal given they were all to retire into the barracks; but they never stirred until I had done. As we walked away, one or two of them followed us. Their numbers increased, until we had seven or eight before, and a whole troop of them behind; between whom I walked, through an immense mob, to Alderman Pembrock’s door.

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I rode to Rathcormuck. There being a great burying in the afternoon, to which people came from all parts, Mr. Lloyd read part of the Burial Service in the church; after which I preached on, “The end of all things is at hand.” I was exceedingly shocked at (what I had only heard of before) the Irish howl which followed. It was not a song, as I supposed, but a dismal, inarticulate yell, set up at the grave by four shrill voiced women, who (we understood) were hired for that purpose. But I saw not one that shed a tear; for that, it seems, was not in their bargain.

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I rode over the mountains to Shronill, and found an handful of serious, loving people. I preached in the evening and morning, Saturday, 2; and then went on to Limerick.

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(Being Whit-Sunday.) Our Morning Service began, as usual, at four o’clock. In the evening I preached at Mardyke, to four or five times as many as our church would have contained; and my voice would now command them all: It was weak till I went to Cork; but in the midst of the drumming it was restored, and has never failed me since.

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I rode to Newmarket, a village near the Shannon, eight miles, as they call it, from Limerick. I found the spirit of the people while I was preaching, but much more in examining the society four or five times I was stopped short, and could not go on, being not able to speak; particularly when I was talking with a child, about nine years old, whose words astonished all that heard. The same spirit we found in prayer; so that my voice was well-nigh lost among the various cries of the people.

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I returned to Limerick. In examining the society here, I could not but take particular notice of about sixty of the Highland Regiment of soldiers, — men fit to appear before Princes. Their zeal, “according to knowledge,” has stirred up many; and they still speak for God, and are not ashamed.

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I rode to Shronill again; and in the morning, Thursday, 14, to Clonmell. After an hour’s rest we set forward, but were obliged to stop in the afternoon, sooner than we designed, by my horse’s having a shoe loose. The poor man, at whose house we called, was not only patient of exhortation, but exceeding thankful for it. We afterwards missed our way; so that it was near eight o’clock before we got over the Ferry, a mile short of Waterford.

At the Ferry was a lad who asked my name. When he heard it, he cried out, “O, Sir, you have no business here; you have nothing to do at Waterford. Butler has been gathering mobs there all this week; and they set upon us so, that we cannot walk the streets. But if you will stay at that little house, I will go and bring B. M’Culloch to you.” We stayed some time, and then thought it best to go a little on our way toward Portarlington. But the ferryman would not come over: So that, after waiting till we were weary, we made our way through some grounds, and over the mountain, into the Carrick road; and went on, about five miles, to a village where we found a quiet house. Sufficient for this day was the labor thereof. We were on horseback, with but an hour or two’s intermission, from five in the morning, till within a quarter of eleven at night.

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About two in the morning I heard people making a great noise, and calling me by my name. They were some of our friends from Waterford, who informed us, that, upon the lad’s coming in, sixteen or eighteen of them came out, to conduct me into the town. Not finding me, they returned; but the mob met them by the way, and pelted them with dirt and stones to their own doors.

We set out at four, and reached Kilkenny, about twenty five old Irish miles, about noon. This is by far the most pleasant, as well as most fruitful country which I have seen in all Ireland. Our way after dinner lay by Dunmore, the seat of the late Duke of Ormond. We rode through the Park for about two miles, by the side of which the river runs. I never saw either in England, Holland, or Germany, so delightful a place. The walks, each consisting of four rows of ashes, the tufts of trees sprinkled up and down, interspersed with the smoothest and greenest lawns, are beautiful beyond description. And what hath the owner thereof, the Earl o Arran? Not even the beholding it with his eyes.

My horse tired in the afternoon; so I left him behind, and borrowed that of my companion. I came to Aymo about eleven, and would very willingly have passed the rest of the night there; but the good woman of the inn was not minded that I should. For some time she would not answer: At last she opened the door just wide enough to let out four dogs upon me. So I rode on to Ballybrittas, expecting a rough salute here too, from a large dog which used to be in the yard. But he never stirred, till the hostler waked and came out. About twelve I laid me down. I think this was the longest day’s journey I ever rode; being fifty old Irish, that is, about ninety English miles.

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I rested, and transcribed the “Letter to Mr. Baily.”

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I preached about nine in the market-place at Portarlington; again at one; and immediately after the Evening Service. The Earl of D—— , and several other persons of distinction, listened a while; but it was not to their taste.

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I rode over to Dublin, and found all things there in a more prosperous state than ever before.

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I returned to Closeland, and preached in the evening to a little, earnest company. O who should drag me into a great city, if I did not know there is another world! How gladly could I spend the remainder of a busy life in solitude and retirement!

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We had a watch-night at Portarlington. I began before the usual time: But it was not easy to leave off; so great was our rejoicing in the Lord.

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I heard, face to face, two that were deeply prejudiced against each other, Mrs. E——, and Mrs. M——. But the longer they talked, the warmer they grew; till, in about three hours, they were almost distracted. One who came in as a witness, was as hot as either. I perceived there was no remedy but prayer. So a few of us wrestled with God for above two hours. When we rose, Mrs. M—— ran and fell on the other’s neck. Anger and revenge were vanished away, and melted down into love. One only, M——t B——, continued still in bitter angry of soul. We besought God in her behalf; and did not let him go, till she also was set at liberty.

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There being no English Service, I went to the French church. I have sometimes thought Mr. Whitefield’s action was violent: But he is a mere post to Mr. Calliard.

In the evening I preached at Mount-Mellick, where were two from Roscrea, to show me the way thither. One of them gave us so strange a relation, that I thought it worth while to set it down, as nearly as might be, in his own words. The strangest part of it rests not on his testimony alone, but on that of many of his neighbors; none of whom could have any manner of temptation to affirm either more or less than they saw with their eyes: —

“My son, John Dudley, was born at Roscrea, in the year 1726. He was serious from a child, tender of conscience, and greatly fearing God. When he was at school, he did not play like other children; but spent his whole time in learning. About eighteen I took him home, and employed him in husbandry; and he grew more and more serious. On February 4, 1747, just as I was laid down in bed, he cried out, ‘My dear father, I am ready to be choked.’ I ran, and took him in my arms; and in about a minute he recovered.

“The next morning he cried out just as before; and continued ill about two minutes. From this time he gave himself wholly to prayer; laying aside all worldly business.

“Saturday, February 7. He did not appear to have any bodily distemper, but desired to make his will. I said, ‘My dear child, I do not see any signs of death upon you.’ He seemed concerned, and said, ‘You don’t believe me; but you will soon see what I say is true.’

About noon, some neighbors condoling with me, on the loss of my wife, who died a few days before, when he saw me weep, he laid his hand upon my knee, and said, ‘My dear father, do not offend God. Your late wife is a bright saint in heaven.’

“Before ten we went to bed. About twelve he came to my chamber door, and said, ‘My dear honored father, I hope you are not displeased with me for disturbing you at this time of night; but I could not go into my bed till I brought you these glad tidings: I was this morning before the throne of grace, and I pleaded innocence; but my heavenly Father answered, that would not do; on which I applied to our blessed Redeemer, and now he hath, by his precious blood and his intercession, procured my pardon; and my heavenly Father hath sealed it. Everlasting praise is to his holy name. “‘I presumed to ask, how it was with my deceased mothers and sisters; on which they all six appeared exceeding glorious: But my last deceased mother was brightest of them all; fifty times brighter than the sun. I entreat I may be buried by her.’

“Sunday, 8. — I went early in the morning to his chamber, and found him at prayer, which was his constant employment. He asked if he should go with me to church. I said, I thought he had better read and meditate at home. As soon as I was gone, he began exhorting the servants and his younger brother. He then went into his chamber, where he continued upon his knees till I came home, crying to God with many tears, and sweating much, through the agony of his spirit.

“When we were set down to dinner, I desired him to eat. He said, ‘I have no appetite; but to please you, I will.’ He then eat two little bits; and, as soon as thanks were given, went to his chamber. He continued there in prayer about an hour, and then came out, and said, with a cheerful voice and countenance, ‘I never knew the Holy Ghost until now: Now I am illuminated with him. Blessed be my great Creator!’ He returned to prayer, and continued therein till he came to family duty. In this he joined with an audible voice; and, commending us to God, retired to his room: let he did not sleep, but continued in prayer all night and all the next day. “Tuesday, 10. — About three in the morning he put off all his clothes, even his shirt, and laid them in order on the bed, and his Prayer-Book in the window; then, having opened two doors, he came to the outward door. I called, ‘where are you going?’ He said, ‘I am going out of doors.’ I said, ‘you need not go at this time of night.’ He replied, ‘I must go.’ I said, ‘Then make haste in again.’ To which he gave no answer; but unlocking the door, and pulling it leisurely after him, said, ‘My dear father, farewell for ever.’

“As soon as the day dawned, finding he was not returned, I went with several of my neighbors to seek him. We found his track at a stile near the house, and fronted it as close as we could; but it was not possible to follow him step by step, for he had gone to and fro above three miles, through shrubs, and thick quickset hedges, and over deep ditches full of water. One mile of the three was all a bog, full of sloughs, and drains, and trenches, and deep holes, with hardly one foot of firm ground between them. Eighteen or twenty of us being together, about nine o’clock found him by the side of a lake. He was lying on the grass, stretched out at length, with his face upward: His right hand was lifted up toward heaven, his left stretched upon his body: His eyes were closed, and he had a sweet, pleasant, smiling countenance. What surprised us most was, that he had no hurt or scratch from the crown of his head to the sole of his foot; nor one speck of dirt on any part of his body, no more than if it had been just washed. On Thursday he was buried as he desired, just by my wife, whom he survived fourteen days.”

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I had gone through Montrath, (in the way to Roscrea,) when some met me on the bridge, and earnestly pressed me to preach; so I went into an empty house, (the rain and the wind preventing my going to the market-place,) and immediately began to declare “the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ.” The house was presently filled: The rest of the audience stood at the doors and windows. I saw not one person, man, woman, or child, who behaved either rudely or carelessly.

I preached in the market-place, at Roscrea, between six and seven in the evening. Several gentlemen and several Clergymen were present, and all behaved well.

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I preached in the street at Birr, a little beyond the bridge: By this means the congregation was four times larger than usual, in which were abundance of Romans.

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As I went through Frankfort many people gathered together, chiefly Romans, and desired me to preach. I did so, in the middle of the town. They gave a calm, stupid attention; but I did not perceive that any of them were affected otherwise than with amazement.

I came to Tullamore, as it fell out, on a second fair-day; and had, of course, abundance of new hearers. I found far more earnestness in the people now than when I was here before. Why should we ever be discouraged by the want of present success? Who knows what a day may bring forth? In the evening I preached at Athlone, to many Officers, and an uncommon number of soldiers, who were gathered together from every part, waiting for a review. Mrs. T—— desired me to lodge at her house. About twelve I heard a huge noise. Presently the street door was broke open; next the door of Mrs. T’s chamber; then that of the room in which I lay. I went to the door; on which Mr. T—— shrunk back, walked down stairs, and wreaked his vengeance on his mother’s windows. Some honest gentlemen of the town had set him on, and filled him with wine for the purpose.

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I preached in the evening, on Revelation 20. I had none to assist me, nor any respite; and I needed none. It was such a night as I have seldom known: The stout-hearted trembled on every side, particularly the troopers, late at Philip’s-Town, who did once run well. One of them sunk down to the ground as a stone; others could hardly stand; and the same spirit of solemn, deep humiliation seemed to run through the whole assembly.

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In spite of the indolence of some, and the cowardice of others, I preached in the evening on the Connaught side of the river. I then met the society; but when I would have dismissed them, none seemed willing to go. We were standing and looking at each other, when a trooper stepped out into the middle of the Room, and said, “I must speak. I was Saul: I persecuted the children of God. I joined with you in Philip’s-Town; but I fell back, and hated God and all his ways. I hated you in particular, and, a day or two ago, said all manner of evil of you. I was going to a woman last night, when one of my comrades met and asked me if I would go to the watch-night. Out of curiosity I came; but for half the sermon, I minded nothing that was said. Then God struck me to the heart, so that I could not stand, hut dropped down to the ground. I slept none last night, and came to you in the morning; but I could not speak. I went from you to a few of our brethren, and they prayed with me till my burden dropped off. And now, by the grace of God, we will part no more. I am ready to go with you all over the world.”

The words were as fire: They kindled a flame which spread through the congregation. We praised God with one heart and one voice. I then a second time pronounced the blessing; but the people stood without motion as before, till a Dragoon stepped from his fellows, and said, “I was a Pharisee from my youth, having a strict form of godliness; and yet I always wanted something: But I knew not what; till something within me pushed me on, I could not tell why, to hear you. I have done so, since you came hither. I immediately saw what I wanted was faith, and the love of God; and he supplied my wants here last night. Now I can rejoice in God my Savior.”

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I preached at Aghrim. Thursday, 5. I rode to Castlegar, and found Miss B — unwillingly recovering from her fever; having a desire rather to quit the house of earth, and go to Him whom her soul loved. Her sister now breathed the same spirit, doubt and fear being fled away. I preached at Ahaskra in the evening. Great part of the congregation were Papists; some of whom, in the morning, Friday, 6, were under strong convictions. I returned to Athlone in the afternoon, and Saturday, 7, set out for Longford.

Calling at Kenagh in the way, I unexpectedly found a large congregation waiting for me; to whom I declared Jesus Christ, our “wisdom, righteousness, sanctification, and redemption.”

About seven I preached at Longford, in the middle of the town. It rained all the time; but none regarded it. I was a little interrupted by a poor, drunken Papist, who spoke a few drooling words. I entreated the people to let him alone; but I could not prevail. One pulled him by the ears, another by the hair, till he was dragged away, and all was quiet. A large congregation came at five, Sunday, 8; nor did the rain drive any of them away. The word now sunk deep. Some dropped down, and one or two were carried away.

At nine I preached to a much larger congregation, and the word was sharper than ever. Four or five could not bear it, but went away. Some would have gone away, but could not; for the hand of the Lord pressed them to the earth. O fair beginning! But what will the end be? I preached again at Kenagh in my return, to a simple, loving people. Mr. M——, a gentleman, late of Moat, bore me company to and from Longford. Two years ago he was strongly prejudiced; and when Mr. W— — preached at Moat, his son was in the mob which drummed him out of the town. Yet he could not but inquire of one and another, till one desired him to read “The Almost Christian.” In the midst of it he cried out, “I am the man;” and from that time was convinced more and more. He had met her at Birr, and again at Ahaskra; whence he rode with me to Athlone and to Longford. During the second sermon at Kenagh, he felt a great change; yet durst not say his sins were forgiven. But in riding thence to Athlone the cloud vanished away; and he could boldly say, “My Lord and my God.”

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I preached in the evening at Tyrrel’s Pass, and at five in the morning, Tuesday, 10. Thence we rode to Drumeree, sixteen Irish miles to the north of Tyrrel’s Pass. In our way we stopped an hour at Mullingar. The sovereign of the town came to the inn, and expressed much desire that I should preach. But I had little hopes of doing good by preaching in a place where I could preach but once, and where noble but me could be suffered to preach at all. We came to Mr. N — ‘s about two. Many fine people came from various parts in the evening, and were perfectly civil and unconcerned; so what was said to them was written on the sand.

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It was not so with the morning congregation. There were few dry eyes among them. Some would have sunk to the ground, had not others supported them; and none seemed more affected than Mrs. N—— herself. There was the same spirit in the evening. Many cried out aloud, and all received the word with the deepest attention.

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The congregation at five was larger than that on Tuesday evening; and surely God gave to many both “the hearing ear and the understanding heart.”

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I preached once more at Portarlington, and afterwards reproved this society likewise, for the miserable covetousness of some, and lukewarmness of others. It may be, they will be zealous, and “repent, and do the first works.”

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I returned to Dublin, and on Sunday, 15, preached on

Oxmantown-Green, to such a congregation as I never saw in Dublin, nor often in Ireland before. Abundance of soldiers were of the number. Such another congregation I had there between two and three in the afternoon, notwithstanding the violent heat of the sun; and all were attentive. In the evening I preached in the garden, at Dolphin’s Barn; and neither here did I observe, in the numerous congregation, any that appeared careless or inattentive.

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I read the letters in our garden, to near twice as many people as were there on Sunday evening.

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I met the class of soldiers: Nineteen are resolved to “fight the good fight of faith;” eleven or twelve of whom already rejoice in God through Christ, by whom they have received the atonement. When the society met, some sinners, whom I knew not, were convicted in their own consciences, so that they could not refrain from confessing their faults in the face of all their brethren. One of these I had but just received in: Another I had declared to be excluded; but he pleaded so earnestly to be tried a little longer, that there was no refusing; and we wrestled with God on his behalf, that sin might no more have dominion over him.

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The delay of the Captain with whom I was to sail gave us an opportunity of spending a joyful night together; and likewise of preaching once more, On Sunday, 22, upon Oxmantown-Green. We went on board immediately after, and set sail about ten, with a small fair wind. In the afternoon it failed, and the tide being against us, we were obliged to come to an anchor.

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The wind shifting to the south, and blowing hard, in the

afternoon the Captain seemed under some concern. There was all reason to expect a stormy night; and he despaired of getting into the Bristol Channel; and knew the danger of beating about, when it was pitch dark, among these rocks and sands. It was much on my mind, “They cried unto the Lord in their trouble, and he delivered them out of their distress.” I knew not why we should not cry to Him as well as they. Immediately the wind came fair, and blew so fresh, that in less than two hours we came into the Bristol Channel.

But the danger was not over. About eleven I was waked by a huge, confused noise, and found we were in a vehement squall of wind, thunder, and rain, which brought the sailors to their wit’s end; they could not see across the ship, only just while the lightning was glaring in their eyes. This made them fear running foul, either of the Welsh sands on the one hand, or the rocky shore of Lundy on the other. So they took in the sails, and let us drive. The motion then was wonderful. It blew a storm; and, the wind being contrary to the tide, the sea ran mountain-high. The ship had no goods, and little ballast on board; so that it rolled as if it would overset every moment. It was intensely dark, and neither the Captain nor any man else knew where we were; only that we were tossing in a bad, narrow channel, full of shoals, and rocks, and sands. But does not God hear the prayer? Mr. Hopper and I believed it our duty to make the trial again; and in a very few moments the wind was small, the sea fell, and the clouds dispersed; so we put up a little sail, and went on quietly and slowly, till the morning dawned. About nine in the evening we reached the Pill, where I took horse, and rode on to Bristol.

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I found the comfort of being among those whose hearts are established in grace.

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I walked over to Kingswood, and found our family there lessened considerably. I wonder how I am withholden from dropping the whole design; so many difficulties have continually attended it: Yet if this counsel is of God, it shall stand; and all hindrances shall turn into blessings.

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At seven I preached at Point’s Pool, an open place, a little without Lawford’s Gate, just in the midst of the butchers, and all the rebel-rout, that neither fear God nor reverence man. But I believe some of them found it good to be there. How does God surround this city on all sides! Yet still not many wise, not many rich, not many noble are called.

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I set out for Shaftesbury. The rain began when we set out, which a strong wind drove full in our faces. It did not stop for five hours, so that I was well drenched to the very soles of my feet; so I was very willing to stop at Shepton-Mallet. The next morning we came to Shaftesbury.

The rain made it impracticable to preach abroad in the evening; otherwise the threatenings of great and small would not have hindered. I suppose the House contained four or five hundred people: It was soon filled from end to end. The chief opposers of John Haime were there; but none stirred, none spoke, none smiled: Many were in tears; and many others were filled with joy unspeakable.

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At five in the morning the Room was nearly full. I was constrained to continue my discourse considerably longer than usual. Several of those who had been the bitterest persecutors were there. Perhaps they will be doers as well as “hearers of the word.” Hence we rode to Beercrocomb; and the next day, Thursday, 2, to Collumpton. I preached in a little meadow near the town, soon after six in the evening: About the middle of my discourse, hard rain began; but few of the congregation stirred. I then spent an hour with the society, and not without a blessing.

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Being informed, many at Tiverton desired to hear me, I rode over about noon. But I could find none there who had any concern about the matter, except one poor man, who received me gladly. I went straight to the market-place, where abundance of people quickly gathered together; and not one interrupted, or spoke, or smiled. Surely goodwill be done in this place.

The congregation at Collumpton in the evening was far larger than before. At four in the morning we took horse; at ten the rain began, and ceased no more till we came to Plymouth-Dock at seven in the evening.

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I preached at eight; but though the warning was so short, the Room could not contain the congregation. At five in the evening I preached in a much larger Room, the Tabernacle in Plymouth; but neither could this contain the numbers who flocked from all parts. And I was surprised at the decency of their behavior. They were as still as one of our London congregations.

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I rode to St. Mewan, and found a large congregation

(notwithstanding the rain) waiting for me. As I came out, a huge man ran full against me. I thought it was by accident, till he did it a second time, and began to curse and swear; on which I turned a little out of the path. He pressed vehemently after me through the crowd, and planted himself close by my side. Toward the close of the sermon, his countenance changed; and in a while he slipped off his hat. When I had concluded, he squeezed me earnestly by the hand, and went away as quiet as a lamb.

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I went to St. Ewe. There was much struggling here at first: But the two gentlemen who occasioned it are now removed, — one to London, the other into eternity.

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We rode to Penryn. Many of the Gentry were present in the evening: And some of them I permitted to stay when I met the society. They seemed much moved. It may last more than a night; for “with God all things are possible.”

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I preached at Gwennap, and on Friday. On Saturday noon at Bezore, near Truro; in the evening, and on Sunday morning, in Redruth. Mr. Collins preached an exceeding useful sermon at church, upon the General Judgment. At one I preached in the street, to thrice as many as the Room would have contained. I afterwards visited a poor old woman, a mile or two from the town: Her trials had been uncommon; inexpressible agonies of mind, joined with al sorts of bodily pain, not, it seemed, from any natural cause, but the direct operation of Satan. Her joys were now as uncommon; she had little time to sleep; having, for several months last past, seen, as it were, the unclouded face of God, and praised him day and night.

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At noon I preached at Stithians, and in the evening at Sithney; Tuesday, 14, about noon, in Wendron; at Bray about six in the evening.

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By reflecting on an odd book which I had read in this journey, “The General Delusion of Christians with regard to Prophecy,” I was fully convinced of what I had long suspected,

1. That the Montanists, in the second and third centuries, were real, scriptural Christians; and,

2. That the grand reason why the miraculous gifts were so soon withdrawn, was not only that faith and holiness were well-nigh lost; but that dry, formal, orthodox men began even then to ridicule whatever gifts they had not themselves, and to decry them all as either madness or imposture.

About noon I preached at Breage; in the evening in Crowan. On this and the following days I read over, with all the impartiality I could, the “Free and Candid Disquisitions.” It is, doubtless, an exceedingly well wrote book; yet something in it I cannot commend. The Author (for the representing himself as many, and so speaking all along in the plural number, I take to be only a pious fraud, used to make himself appear more considerable) is far too great a flatterer for me, dealing in panegyric beyond all measure. But, in truth, he is not much guilty of this with regard to the Common Prayer. About one objection in ten appears to have weight, and one in five has plausibility. But surely the bulk of his satire, though keen, is by no means just: And even allowing all the blemishes to be real, which he has so carefully and skillfully collected and recited, what ground have we to hope, that if we gave up this we should profit by the exchange? Who would supply us with a Liturgy less exceptionable than that which we had before?

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I preached at Ludgvan at noon, and at Newlyn in the evening. Through all Cornwall I find the societies have suffered great loss from want of discipline. Wisely said the ancients, “The soul and body make a man; the Spirit and discipline make a Christian.”

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I rode to St. Just, where there is still the largest society in Cornwall: And so great a proportion of believers I have not found in all the nation beside. Five-and-forty persons I have observed, as they came in turn, and every one walking in the light of God’s countenance.

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I preached at eight to a great multitude: Such another we had in Morva at one; and again at Zennor after the evening Service; whence we rode to St. Ives, and concluded the day with thanksgiving.

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We had a Quarterly Meeting; at which were present the

Stewards of all the Cornish societies. We had now the first watch-night which had been in Cornwall: And “great was the Holy One of Israel in the midst of us.”

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Having first sent to the Mayor, to inquire if it would be offensive to him, I preached in the evening, not far from the market-place. There was a vast concourse of people, very few of the adult inhabitants of the town being wanting. I had gone through two-thirds of my discourse, to which the whole audience was deeply attentive, when Mr. S—— sent his man to ride his horse to and fro through the midst of the congregation. Some of the chief men in the town bade me go on; and said, no man should hinder me: But I judged it better to retire to the Room. High and low, rich and poor, followed me; and soon filled, not only the Room itself, but all the space near the doors and windows. God gave me, as it were, “a sharp threshing instrument, having teeth;” so that the stout-hearted trembled before Him. O the wisdom of God, in permitting Satan to drive all these people together into a place where nothing diverted their attention, but his word had its full force upon their hearts!

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I preached in Camborn at noon, to the largest congregation I had ever seen there; and at St. Agnes in the evening, to a multitude not of curious hearers, but of men that had “tasted of the good word.”

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John Haime, John Trembath, and I called at Mrs. Morgan’s, at Mitchell, who readily told me, and that over and over again, that she never saw or knew any harm by me, but I am not sure, that she has not said just the contrary to others. If so, she, not I, must give account for it to God. In the evening I preached at Port-Isaac in the street, the House not being able to contain the people.

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I preached at St. Gennis morning and afternoon; but, I fear, with little effect. Thence we hastened to Camelford, where I preached in the main street; the rain pouring down all the time: But that neither drove the congregation away, nor hindered the blessing of God. Many were in tears, and some could not help crying aloud, both during the preaching, and the meeting of the society.

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I preached at Trewalder about noon, on, “I am the

Resurrection and the Life.” Many were dissolved into gracious tears, and many filled with strong consolation.

In the evening Mr. Bennet (now full of days, and by swift steps removing into eternity) read Prayers in Tresmere church, and I preached on, our “great High Priest, Jesus the Son of God.”

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He desired me to preach in his church at Tamerton; but when we came, we found no notice had been given, and the key of the church was a mile off; so I preached in a large room adjoining to it. In the evening I preached in Laneast church, to a large and attentive congregation. What can destroy the work of God in these parts, but zeal for, and contending about, opinions?

About eight I preached at St. Stephen’s, near Launceston, and then rode to the Dock; where I preached to such a congregation as I had not seen there for several years. The night overtook us soon after we had begun; but the moon gave us all the light we wanted. One poor man at first bawled out for the church; but he soon went away ashamed. All the rest seemed to be such as really desired to worship God “in spirit and in truth.”

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The House would not contain them at five, much less at noon, when the number was more than doubled. I preached in the evening at Plymouth. Multitudes were present; but no scoffer, no inattentive person: The time for this is past, till God shall see good to let Satan loose again.

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Setting out early, we reached Collumpton in the evening; but as I was not expected, the congregation was small.

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I rode to Tiverton. At eight I preached to twice as

many people as were present when I was here before; but even this congregation was doubled at one and at five. The meadow was then full from side to side, and many stood in the gardens and orchards round. It rained in the day several times; but not a drop fell while I was preaching. Here is an open door indeed! May no man be able to shut it!

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About noon I preached at Hillfarrance, three miles from Taunton. Three or four boors would have been rude if they durst; but the odds against them was too great. At five I preached in Bridgewater to a well-behaved company, and then rode on to Middlesey.

We rode from hence to Shaftesbury, where I preached, between six and seven, to a serious and quiet congregation. We had another happy opportunity at five in the morning, when abundance of people were present. I preached, at noon, in the most riotous part of the town, just where four ways met; but none made any noise, or spoke one word, while I called “the wicked to forsake his way.” As we walked back, one or two foul-mouthed women spoke unseemly; but none regarded, or answered them a word.

Soon after I was sat down, a Constable came, and said, “Sir, the Mayor discharges you from preaching in this borough any more.” I replied, “While King George gives me leave to preach, I shall not ask leave of the Mayor of Shaftesbury.”

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I rode to Salisbury, and preached about noon, (a strange turn of Providence!) in the chapel which formerly was Mr. Hall’s. One poor woman labored much to interrupt; but, (how it was I know not,) with all her endeavors, she could not get out one word. At length she set up a dismal, inarticulate yell, and went away in all haste.

I preached at Winterburn in the evening; the next, at Reading; and on Saturday, 8, came to London.

Here I had the following account from one of our Preachers: — “John Jane was never well after walking from Epworth to Hainton, on an exceeding hot day, which threw him into a fever. But he was in great peace and love, even to those who greatly wanted love to him. He was some time at Alice Shadforth’s house, with whom he daily talked of the things of God. He was never without the love of God, spent much time in private prayer, and joined likewise with her in prayer several times in a day. On Friday, August 24, growing, as she thought, stronger in body, he sat in the evening by the fireside: About six he fetched a deep sigh, and never spoke more. He was alive till the same hour on Saturday; at which, without any struggle, or any sign of pain, with a smile on his face, he passed away. His last words were, ‘I find the love of God in Christ Jesus.’ “All his clothes, linen and woolen, stockings, hat, and wig, are not thought sufficient to answer his funeral expenses, which amount to one pound seventeen shillings and three pence. All the money he had was one shilling and four pence.” Enough for any unmarried Preacher of the Gospel to leave to his Executors.

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I called on poor Mrs. H——, whose husband had just engaged in a new branch of business, when God took him “from the evil to come.” I am persuaded, had he continued in his simplicity, he would have been alive to this day. How different from this was the case of John Hague! one who never left his first love, never was weary or faint, but daily grew in grace, and was still on the full stretch for God. When such an instrument is snatched away in the strength of his years, what can all the wisdom of man say, but, “How unsearchable are his judgments, and his ways past finding out!”

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I read over a short “Narrative of Count Z—— ‘s Life, written by himself.” Was there ever such a Proteus under the sun as this Lord Freydeck, Domine de Thurstain, etc., etc.? For he has almost as many names as he has faces or shapes. O when will he learn (with all his learning) “simplicity and godly sincerity?” When will he be an upright follower of the Lamb, so that no guile may be found in his mouth?

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My brother set out for the north; but returned the next day, much out of order. How little do we know the counsels of God! But we know they are all wise and gracious.

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When I came home in the evening, I found my brother

abundantly worse. He had had no sleep for several nights; and expected none, unless from opiates. I went down to our brethren below, and we made our request known to God. When I went up again, he was in a sound sleep, which continued till the morning.

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We had a watch-night at Spitalfields. I often wonder at the peculiar providence of God on these occasions. I do not know that in so many years one person has ever been hurt, either in London, Bristol, or Dublin, in going so late in the night to and from all parts of the town.

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My brother being not yet able to assist, I had more

employment today than I expected. In the morning I read prayers, preached, and administered the sacrament to a large congregation in Spitalfields. The service at West-Street continued from nine till one. At five I called the sinners in Moorfields to repentance. And, when I had finished my work found more liveliness and strength than I did at six in the morning.

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I left London, and, the next morning, called at what is styled the Half-way House. Quickly after, as a young man was riding by the door, both horse and man tumbled over each other. As soon as he got up, he began cursing his horse. I spoke a few words, and he was calm. He told me, he did fear God once; but for some time past he had cared for nothing. He went away full of good resolutions. God bring them to good effect! I reached Kingswood in the evening; and the next day selected passages of Milton for the eldest children to transcribe and repeat weekly.

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I went into the School, and heard half the children their lessons, and then selected passages of the “Moral and Sacred Poems.”

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I heard the other half of the children. Saturday, 29. I was with them from four to five in the morning. I spent most of the day in revising Kennet’s “Antiquities,” and marking what was worth reading in the school.

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I revised, for the use of the children, Archbishop Potter’s “Grecian Antiquities;” a dry, dull, heavy book. Thursday, 4. I revised Mr. Lewis’s “Hebrew Antiquities;” something more entertaining than the other, and abundantly more instructive.

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I nearly finished the abridgment of Dr. Cave’s “Primitive Christianity;” a book wrote with as much learning, and as little judgment, as any I remember to have read in my whole life; serving the ancient Christians just as Xenophon did Socrates; relating every weak thing they ever said or did.

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I dined at P—— S—— ‘s, who, with his wife and daughter, are wonderful monuments of God’s mercy. They were convinced of the truth when I first preached at Bristol; and Mrs. Sk—— was a living witness of it: Yet Satan was afterwards suffered to sift her as wheat; it seems, to take possession of her body. He tormented her many years in an unheard of manner; but God has now set her at full liberty.

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I prepared a short “History of England,” for the use of the children; and on Friday and Saturday a short “Roman History,” as an introduction to the Latin Historians.

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I read over Mr. Holmes’s “Latin Grammar;” and extracted from it what was needful to perfect our own.

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I found it absolutely necessary, openly and explicitly to warn all that feared God to beware of the German wolves, (falsely called Moravians,) and keep close to the great Shepherd of their souls.

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Riding through Holt, I called on the Minister, Mr. L —, one of the most zealous adversaries we have in England. I found a calm, sensible, venerable old man; and spent above an hour in friendly altercation. Thence I rode to Milkstram, where the number of people obliged me to preach abroad, notwithstanding the keen north wind. And the steady attention of the hearers made amends for the rigor of the season.

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I set out for London. In the morning, Friday, 26, Mrs. C — called upon me. I think it my bounded duty to declare the heads of our conversation: —

“My son,” she said, “declared in my hearing, and before the whole congregation at Tetherton, that when he went to Germany he still judged it would be best for him to live a single life; that the Brethren there said to him one day, ‘Brother C——, it is the will of the Lamb you should marry.’ He replied, ‘I don’t believe it is.’ They said, ‘Yes, it is; and that you should marry’ such a person: (Naming the sister of J—— H—— ‘s wife.) He then said, ‘I like her very well.’ On which they said, ‘No, it is not his will you should marry her; but Jane Briant.’ He answered, ‘I can’t believe it is.’ So he left them, and walked out in the fields. There he thought, ‘I must be simple; it may be the will of the Lamb.’ So the next day he married her.”

She added, “I had four children; but three of them are lost. They take no more notice of me than if I was dead. John never came to see me all the time I was in London; and when I went to him, two men came and stood by us all the time, to hear every word we said.

“I thought to have spent all my life in his house at Tetherton; and so I sent all my goods thither to furnish the house, to the value of thirty or forty pounds; but as soon as John was gone to Germany, Mr. H —, one of their Preachers, came and told me, he had taken the house, (which was a lie,) and I must go out of that room. It was the last week in January. I asked, where I must go. He said, I might go where I would; but I should not stay there. So I went out; and between crying and the cold, (for there was no fireplace where I now was,) in three days I was stone blind. “Some time after I told P—— S——, I wanted my goods. He said, I should not have them. I said, then I would fetch a warrant. But at last John gave me ten pounds; and that, I find, is all I am to have.”

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I began taking an account of all in the society that

were in want: But I was soon discouraged; their numbers so increasing upon me, particularly about Moorfields, that I saw no possibility of relieving them all, unless the Lord should, as it were, make windows in heaven.

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I made an end of that very odd tract, “A Creed founded on Common Sense.” The main of it I admire as very ingenious; but still I cannot believe, either,

1. That the Ten Commandments were not designed for a complete rule of life and manners; or,

2. That the Old Testament was never understood till 1700 years after Christ.

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I met with an uncommon instance of distress. A poor woman, whose husband was at sea, as she was stepping out of her own door, saw a man whipped along the street. Being seven months gone with child, she went up stairs and fell in labor immediately. Having none to help her, there she remained, till she was constrained to rise, and go down for some food. This immediately threw her into a high fever. A young woman calling there, by mere accident, as it is termed, found her and the child just alive, gave her all the money she had, (which was between eight and nine shillings,) and from that time duly attended her everyday.

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I read the curious “Journal of Mr. S——,” President of the Council in Georgia; full as trifling and dull, and about as true, as that of Mr. Adams, President of the Prophets.

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I finished the following letter to au old friend, whose spirit and life once adorned the Gospel: —

“DEAR SIR, Cookham, Nov. 27, 1750.”

“SEVERAL times I have designed to speak to you at large, concerning some things which have given me uneasiness: And more than once I have begun to speak, but your good humor quite disarmed me; so that I could not prevail upon myself to give you pain, even to remove a greater evil. But I cannot delay any longer, and therefore take this way (as less liable to disappointment) of laying before you, with all freedom and unreserved, the naked sentiments of my heart.

“To seem to admire the Moravians much. I love them, but cannot admire them; (although I did once, perhaps more than you do now;) and that for the following reasons: —

“First. I do not admire the names they assume to themselves. They commonly style themselves, ‘The Brethren,’ or, ‘The Moravian Church.’ Now, the former of these, ‘The Brethren,’ either implies, that they are the only Christians in the world, (as they were who were so styled in the days of the Apostles,) or at least, that they are the best Christians in the world, and therefore deserve to be emphatically so called. But is not even this a very high encomium upon themselves? I should therefore more admire a more modest appellation.

“‘But why should they not call themselves the Moravian Church?’ Because they are not the Moravian Church; no more (at the utmost) than a part is the whole; than the Romish Church is the Church of Christ. A congregation assembled in St. Paul’s might, with greater propriety, style themselves the Church of England. Yea, with far greater:

1. Because these are all Englishmen born;

2. Because they have been baptized as members of the Church of England; and,

3. Because, as far as they know, they adhere both to her doctrine and discipline. Whereas,

1. Not a tenth part of Count Zinzendorf’s Brethren are so much as Moravian born; not two thousand out of twenty thousand:

Quaere, if two hundred adults? if fifty men?

2. Not one-tenth of them were baptized as members of the Moravian Church, (perhaps not one, till they left Moravia,) but as members of the Romish Church.

3. They do not adhere either to the doctrines or discipline of the Moravian Church. They have many doctrines which that Church never holden, and an entirely new scheme of discipline.

4. The true Moravian Church of which this is a very small part, if it be any part at all, is still subsisting; not in England or Germany, but in Polish Prussia. Therefore I cannot admire their assuming this name to themselves; I cannot reconcile its either with modesty or sincerity.

“If you say, ‘But the Parliament has allowed it;’ I answer, I am sorry for it. The putting so palpable a cheat upon so august an assembly, with regard to a notorious matter of fact, I conceive does not redound to their own, any more than to the honor of our nation.

“If you add, ‘But you yourself once styled them thus:’ — I grant I did; but I did it in ignorance. I took it you their word; and I now freely and openly testify my mistake.

“Secondly. I do not admire their doctrine in the particulars that follow: — “1. That we are to do nothing in order to salvation, but barely to believe. “2. That there is but one duty now, but one command, — to believe in Christ.

“3. That Christ has taken away all other commands and duties, having wholly abolished the Law.

“(The sermon Count Zinzendorf preached at Fetter-Lane, on John 8:11, places this in a strong light. He roundly began, ‘Christ says, I come not to destroy the Law: But He did destroy the Law. The Law condemned this woman to death: But He did not condemn her. And God himself does not keep the Law. The Law forbids lying: But God said, Forty days and Nineveh shall he destroyed; yet Nineveh was not destroyed.’) “4. That there is no such thing as degrees in faith, or weak faith; since he has no faith, who has any doubt or fear.

“(How to reconcile this, with what I heard the Count assert at large, ‘that a man may have justifying faith, and not know it,’ I cannot tell.) “5. That we are sanctified wholly, the moment we are justified; and are neither more nor less holy, to the day of our death.

“6. That a believer has no holiness in himself at all; all his holiness being imputed, not inherent.

“7. That a man may feel a peace that passeth all understanding, may rejoice with joy full of glory, and have the love of God, and of all mankind, with dominion over all sin; and yet all this may be only nature, animal spirits, or the force of imagination.

“8. That if a man regards prayer, or searching the Scriptures, or communicating, as matter of duty; if he judges himself obliged to do these things, or is troubled when he neglects them; he is in bondage, he is under the Law, he has no faith; but is still seeking salvation by works. “9. That, therefore, till we believe, we ought to be still; that is, not to pray, search the Scriptures, or communicate.

“10. That their Church cannot err, and of consequence ought to be implicitly believed and obeyed.

“Thirdly. I approve many things in their practice; yet even this I cannot admire in the following instances: —

“1. I do not admire their conforming to the world, by useless, trifling conversation: By suffering sin upon their brother, without reproving even that which is gross and open: By levity in the general tenor of their behavior; not walking as under the eye of the great God: And, lastly, by joining in the most trifling diversions, in order to do good. “2. I do not admire their close, dark, reserved behavior, particularly toward strangers. The spirit of secrecy is the spirit of their community, often leading even into guile and dissimulation. One may observe in them much cunning, much art, much evasion, and disguise. They often appear to be what they are not, and not to be what they are. They so study to become all things to all men, as to take the color and shape of any that are near them: Directly contrary to that openness, frankness, and plainness of speech, so manifest in the Apostles and Primitive Christians. “3. I do not admire their confining their beneficence to the narrow bounds of their own society. This seems the more liable to exception, as they boast of possessing so immense riches. In his late book the Count particularly mentions, how many hundred thousand florins a single member of their Church has lately expended; and how many hundred thousand crowns of yearly rent, the Nobility and Gentry only of his society enjoy in one single country. Meantime do they, all put together, expend one hundred thousand, yea, one thousand, or one hundred, in feeding the hungry, or clothing the naked, of any society but their own? “4. I do not admire the manner wherein they treat their opponents. I cannot reconcile it either to love, humility, or sincerity. Is utter contempt, or settled disdain, consistent with love or humility? And can it consist with sincerity, to deny any charge which they know in their conscience is true? To say, those quotations are unjust, which are literally copied from their own books? To affirm, their doctrines are misrepresented, when their own sense is given in their own words? To cry, ‘Poor man! He is quite dark! He is utterly blind! He knows nothing of our doctrines!’ though they cannot point out one mistake this blind man has made, or confute one assertion he has advanced?

“Fourthly. I least of all admire the effects their doctrine has had on some who have lately begun to hear them.

“For, 1. It has utterly destroyed their faith, their inward ‘evidence of things not seen;’ the deep conviction they once had, that the Lamb of God had taken away their sins. Those who before had the witness in themselves of redemption in the blood of Christ, who had the Spirit of God clearly witnessing with their spirit, that they were the children of God, after hearing these but a few times, began to doubt; then reasoned themselves into utter darkness; and in a while, affirmed, First, that they had no faith now, (which was true), and soon after, that they never had any. And this was not the accidental but natural effect of that doctrine, — that there are no degrees in faith, and that none has any faith who is liable at any time to any degree of doubt or fear; as well as of that dark, unintelligible, unscriptural manner wherein they affect to speak of it. “I expect you will answer, ‘Nay, they are the most plain, simple Preachers of any in the whole world. Simplicity is their peculiar excellence.’ I grant one sort of simplicity is; a single specimen whereof may suffice: — One of their eminent Preachers, describing, at Fetter-Lane, ‘the childhood of the Lamb,’ observed, that ‘his mother might send him out one morning for an half penny worth of milk; that, making haste back, he might fall and break the porringer; and that he might work a miracle to make it whole again, and gather up the milk into it.’ Now, can you really admire this kind of simplicity? or think it does honor to ‘God manifest in the flesh?’ “2. This preaching has destroyed the love of God in many souls; which was the natural aspect of destroying their faith, as well as of teaching them to grieve the Holy Spirit of God by ascribing his gift to imagination and animal spirits; and of perplexing them with senseless, unscriptural cautions against the selfish love of God; in which it is not easy to say whether nonsense or blasphemy be the chief ingredient.

“3. This preaching has greatly impaired, if not destroyed, the love of their neighbor in many souls. They no longer burn with love to all mankind, with desire to do good to all. They are straitened in their own bowels; their love is confined to narrower and narrower bounds; till, at length, they have no desire or thought of doing good to any but those of their own community. If a man was before a zealous member of our Church, groaning for the prosperity of our Zion, it is past; all that zeal is at an end; he regards the Church of England no more than the Church of Rome: His tears no longer fall, his prayers no longer ascend, that God may shine upon her desolations. The friends that were once as his own soul, are now no more to him than other men. All the bands of that formerly endeared affection are as threads of tow that have touched the fire. Even the ties of filial tenderness are dissolved: The child regards not his own parent; he no longer regards the womb that bare or the paps that gave him suck. Recent instances of this also are not wanting. I will particularize, if required. Yea, the son leaves his aged father, the daughter her mother, in want of the necessaries of life. I know the persons; I have myself relieved them more than once; for that was ‘corban’ whereby they should have been profited. “4. These humble Preachers utterly destroy the humility of their hearers, who are quickly wiser than all their former Teachers; not because they ‘keep thy commandments,’ (as the poor man under the Law said,) but because they allow no commandments at all. In a few days they are ‘wiser in their own eyes, than seven men that can render a reason.’ ‘Render a reason! Ay, there it is. Your carnal reason destroys you. You are for reason: I am for faith.’ I am for both: For faith to perfect my reason, that by the Spirit of God not putting out the eyes of my understanding, but enlightening them more and more, I may ‘be ready to give’ a clear scriptural ‘answer to every man that asketh’ me ‘a reason of the hope that is in’ me.

“5. This preaching destroys true, genuine simplicity. Let a plain, open hearted man, who hates controversy, and loves the religion of the heart, go but a few times to Fetter-Lane, and he begins to dispute with every man he meets; he draws the sword and throws away the scabbard; and if he happens to be hard pressed, by Scripture or reason, he has as many turns and fetches as a Jesuit; so that it is out of the power of a common man even to understand, much more to confute him.

“6. Lastly, I have known a short attendance on this preaching destroy both gratitude, justice, mercy, and truth. Take one only, but a terrible proof of this: — One, whom you know, was remarkably exact in keeping his word: He is now (after hearing them but a few months) as remarkable for breaking it; being infinitely more afraid of a legal than of a lying spirit! more jealous of the works of the Law than of the works of the devil! He was cutting off every possible expense, in order to do justice to all men: He is now expending large sums in mere superfluities. He was merciful after his power, if not beyond his power:

List’ning attentive to the wretch’s cry,

The groan low-murmur’d, and the whisper’d sigh:

But the bowels of his compassion are now shut up: He has been in works too long already; so now, to prove his faith, he lets the poor brother starve, for whom Christ died! If he loved any one under the sun more than his own soul, it was the instrument by whom God had raised him from the dead: He assisted him to the utmost of his power; he would defend him even before Princes: But he is now unconcerned whether he sinks or swims: He troubles not himself about it. Indeed he gives him — good words; that is, before his face; but behind his back he can himself rail at him by the hour, and vehemently maintain, not that he is mistaken in a few smaller points, but that he ‘preaches another God, not Jesus Christ.’ “Art thou the man? If you are not, go and hear the Germans again next Sunday.”

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I rode through a violent storm to Windsor, and preached to a little serious congregation. About one I preached at Brentford, and gathered up the poor remains of the shattered society. How firm did these stand in the midst of storms! But the sun shone, and they melted away.

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I rode to Canterbury, and preached on Revelation

20. A few turbulent people made a little noise, as I found it was their custom to do. Perceiving more of them were gathered the next night, I turned and spoke to them at large. They appeared to be not a little confounded, and went away as quiet as lambs.

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I walked over the cathedral, and surveyed the monuments of the ancient men of renown. One would think such a sight should strike an utter damp upon human vanity. What are the great, the fair, the valiant now? The matchless warrior, — the puissant monarch? — An heap of dust is all remains of thee!

‘Tis all thou art and all the proud shall be.

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I rode to Leigh, in Essex, where I found a little company seeking God; and endeavored to encourage them in “provoking one another to love and good works.”

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I set upon cleansing Augeas’s stable; upon purging that huge work, Mr. Fox’s “Acts and Monuments,” from all the trash which that honest, injudicious writer has heaped together, and mingled with those venerable records, which are worthy to be had in everlasting remembrance.

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I buried the body of Elizabeth Bamfield, a young woman of two-and-twenty; who, the Tuesday before, rose up from breakfast, dropped down, and spoke no more. But she was ready for the Bridegroom. “Blessed are they whom, when He cometh, He shall find watching.”

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