A
GENERAL INDEX TO THE NOTES ON THE OLD
TESTAMENT.
N.B. In principio refers to the observations at the beginning, and in fine to those at the end, of the chapter.
A
AARON, why called “God’s holy one,” Deuteronomy 33:8. Abana, a river of Damascus; reasons for believing that the river known in the time of Elisha by this name is a branch of the Barrady, 2 Kings 5:12.
Abarim, mountains of, Dr. Shaw’s description of the, Numbers 27:12. The fortieth station of the Israelites in the wilderness, Numbers 33:47. Abed - nego, derivation of the name, Daniel 1:7. How it should be pronounced, ibid.
Aben Ezra, account of this commentator, General Preface, p. 2. Abenim, µynba, why weights were originally so named by the Hebrews, Leviticus 19:36.
Abib, constituted the first month of the Jewish ecclesiastical year, Exodus 12:2.
Abijah, battle of, with Jeroboam, great discordances in the versions respecting the number of the combatants and of the slain, 2 Chronicles 13:3. The number of men engaged and slain, probably only a tenth part of that stated in the present copies of the Hebrew, ibid.
Ablutiona, before offering sacrifice to the gods, evidently borrowed by the heathens from the Jewish purifications, Exodus 19:10. Abner, observations on David’s lamentation over, 2 Samuel 3:33. Aboras, where this river is situated, Ezekiel 1:1. Abrabanel or Abarbanel, (Rabbi Isaac) account of this commentator, General Preface, p. 2.
Abraham, import of the name, Genesis 12:2; 14:13; 17:5. In what it differs from Abram, Genesis 12:2. Extreme trifling of rabbins and others upon this name, Genesis 17:5. Reasons for believing that the righteous man spoken of in the forty first chapter of Isaiah refers to Abraham rather than to Cyrus, Isaiah 41:2. Character of Abraham, Genesis 25:34, in fine.
Abraham’s bosom, lying in, and to recline next to Abraham in the kingdom of heaven, images by which the state of the blessed is represented, Isaiah 66:24. A similar imagery employed by heathen writers, ibid. Abrech, Ërba, rendered bow the knee, of doubtful signification, Genesis 41:43.
Absalom, David’s very pathetic lamentation on the death of, 2 Samuel 18:33. In what order the words were probably pronounced, ibid. Absalom’s hair, substance of Bochart’s dissertation on the weight of, 2 Samuel 14:30 in fine. The reasoning of this great Hebrew critic not conclusive, and another mode proposed of removing the difficulties which exist in the present Hebrew text upon this subject, ibid. Abu Thaher, a chief of the Carmathians, singular anecdote respecting, Genesis 34:24.
Abyssinia, list of the monarchs of, from Maqueda, queen of Saba, to the nativity, 1 Kings 10:29, in fine
Acacia Nilotica, some account of the, Exodus 25:5. Supposed by some to be the Shittim wood of Scripture, ibid.
Acanthum vulgare, a species of thistle extremely prolific, Genesis 3:18. Calculation of the number of individuals that could proceed from a single plant in four years, ibid.
Acarus sanguisugus, description of this animal, Exodus 8:16. Achad, dja, probable reason why the Jews, assembled in synagogue, so frequently repeat, and loudly vociferate, this word, whenever that very celebrated passage in the Pentateuch relative to the unity of the Divine Being occurs in the Sabbath readings, Deuteronomy 6:4. Achan, inquiry whether the sons and daughters of this man were stoned to death and burnt as well as their father Joshua 7:25. Achashdarpeney, ynprdvja, import of this word, Ezra 8:36; Esther 3:12, Daniel 3:2.
Achmetha, the same with Ecbatana, Ezra 6:2.
Adad, a Syrian idol, supposed to have been the same with Jupiter and the sun, Isaiah 66:17. Meaning of the name, according to Macrobius, ibid. The appellation of this idol formed a part of the name of some Syrian kings, ibid.
Adam, meaning of this word, Genesis 1:26. The names given by Adam to the animals, a strong proof of the original perfection and excellence of man, Genesis 2:20.
Additions in the versions to the commonly received Hebrew text, Genesis 4:8; 46:20; Numbers 10:6; Judges 4:9; Nehemiah 7:69. Esther 2:20; Psalm 14:3, 7, et in fine; Psalm 38:20; 148:8; Proverbs 4:27, in fine; Proverbs 12:11; 19:22; 22:1.
Adjuration, most solemn form of, in use among all nations Deuteronomy 4:26.
Adonai, ynda, its derivation and import, Genesis 15:8; Psalm 97:1.
Adonis, situation of this river, 1 Kings 5:9. Probable origin of the fable concerning, Ezekiel 8:14.
Adoration, origin of the word, 1 Kings 19:18; Job 31:26; Hosea 13:2. The kings of Persia never admitted any to their presence without first requiring the act of prostration, called adoration, Isaiah 49:23. Very remarkable example of adoration as related by Harmer, ibid. Adrammelech, an object of idolatrous worship among the Sepharvites, 2 Kings 17:31, 41, et in fine. Meaning of the name, ibid. Represented, according to Jarchi, under the form of a mule, 2 Kings 17:31. Adullam, where situated, Micah 1:15.
Adultery, anciently punished by burning Genesis 38:24. Derivation of the word, according to Minshieu, ibid. How the crime of adultery was punished among the Chaldeans, Persians, and Romans, Proverbs 6:33; Ezekiel 23:25.
Adulteresses, punishment of, among the ancient Germans, Hosea 2:3. Adytum, aduton, definition of this word by Hesychius, Isaiah 45:19. AEge or AEgea, the usual burying - place of the ancient Macedonian kings, Daniel 8:5.
AEgeadae, the people that inhabited AEge or AEgea, Daniel 8:5. AElian remark of, how common angelic appearances are to be distinguished from those of the gods, Ezekiel 1:7. AEnigma, see Enigma.
Aeroliths, Izarn’s table respecting, showing the places and times in which these substances fell, and the testimonies by which these facts are supported, Joshua 10:11. Chemical analyses of two aeroliths by Fourcroy and Vauquelin, ibid. Hypotheses by which the falling of stones from the atmosphere have been accounted for, ibid.
AEschylus, citation of a very beautiful passage from this poet respecting the omnipotence of the Divinity, Habakkuk 3:6.
AEthiopians, conjecture concerning their origin, Genesis 10:6. AEthiopic version, account of the, General Preface, p. 21. AEthon, one of the horses of the sun, according to the pagan mythology, meaning of the name, 2 Kings 2:11.
Afghans, singular and very interesting remark of Sir William Jones respecting the probable origin of this people, 2 Kings 17:6. Afrasiab, an ancient king, when and where he flourished, Job 18:15. Agate, some account of this precious stone, Exodus 28:17. Agriculture, in ancient times the principal employment, trade and commerce being little known, 1 Samuel 11:4. General agreement among all nations in attributing the science of agriculture to the inspirations of their deities, Isaiah 28:26.
Ahashteranim, µynrtvha, its derivation according to Bochart, Esther 8:10.
Ahasuerus of Ezra, thought to be the same with the Cambyses of the Greeks, Ezra 4:6. The Ahasuerus of Esther the same with Artaxerxes Longimanus, according to Prideaux, Esther 1:1.
Ahava, a river supposed to be the same with that which is called Diava or Adiava, Ezra 8:15.
Ahaz, observations on the nature and structure of the sundial of, with a diagram of its supposed form, 2 Kings 20:20, in fine. Ahijah the Shilonite, author of a history of the reign of Solomon long since lost, 1 Kings 11:29. Explanation of his symbolical prophecy respecting the division of the monarchy of Solomon into two very unequal parts, to form two distinct and independent kingdoms, 1 Kings 11:31 - 39.
Ainsworth, (Henry) a celebrated commentator on the Pentateuch, Psalms, and Canticles, General Preface, p. 7. His curious conjecture respecting the typical import of the forty - two stations of the children of Israel, Numbers 33:2. His interesting observations on the travels of the Israelites through the wilderness, Numbers 33:55, in fine. aiwn, inquiry into the proper meaning of this term, Genesis 21:33. Whence derived, according to Aristotle, ibid.
Akrabbim, why probably so named, Judges 1:36.
Alamoth, possible import of this word, Psalm 46:1, in principio. Al - cahol, Al - kahol, Alcohole, or Alcoholados, see Stibium. Alcimus, a soldier in the army of Demetrius, extraordinary weight of his panoply, according to Plutarch, 1 Samuel 17:7. Probably not equal to that of Goliath of Gath, ibid.
Aldebaran, longitude of this fixed star, B.C. 2337, and A.D. 1800, Job 9:35, in fine.
Aleppo, duration of the vintage at, Amos 9:13. Commencement and termination of the sowing season, ibid.
Alexander’s tomb, an Egyptian coffin vulgarly so called in the British Museum, description of, Genesis 50:26, in fine. Alexandria, principally peopled with Jews in the time of the Ptolemies, Isaiah 19:1, in principio: Isaiah 24:14. The Jews of this city had privileges granted to them by Alexander equal to those of the Macedonians, Isaiah 19:1, in principio.
Alexandria on the Tanais, walls of, in what time said to have been built by Alexander, Nehemiah 6:15.
Alexandrian money, table of the, Exodus 38:24.
Algiers, Dr. Shaw’s account of the summer retreats of the persons of quality round about this city, Amos 3:15.
Alliteration, remarkable instances of, in sacred and profane writers, Genesis 49:19; Psalm 122:6.
Almah, hmk[, its derivation and import, Genesis 24:43; 29:9; Isaiah 7:15. This term, in its most obvious and literal acceptation, applicable to the mother of our Lord till she had brought forth her first - born Son, Isaiah 7:15.
Almon - diblathaim, the thirty - ninth station of the Israelites in the wilderness, Numbers 33:46.
Almond tree, time of its efflorescence, &c., according to Pliny, Jeremiah 1:11. Why used as a symbol of promptitude. ibid. Almug tree or Algum tree, very uncertain what tree is meant by this name, 1 Kings 10:14.
Alnajab, an Ethiopian tribe who perform the rite of circumcision with knives made of stone, Joshua 5:2.
Altar, derivation and import of the term, Genesis 8:20. Deemed sacrilege to molest a man who had taken refuge there, 1 Kings 1:50; 2:30. The altar no asylum for a presumptuous murderer, 1 Kings 2:30. Al - taschit, import of this term. Psalm 62:1, in principio. Alting’s ingenious method of reconciling the discrepancies in the sacred text with respect to the number of captives that returned from Babylon, Ezra 2:2.
Alukah, hqwl[, rendered “horseleech,” probably a proper name, Proverbs 30:14.
Aluph, pwl[, what it imports, Genesis 36:15; Exodus 15:15; Jeremiah 11:19.
Alush, the ninth station of the Israelites in the wilderness, Numbers 33:13.
Ambidexter, to be an, in high repute among the ancients, Judges 3:15. Quotations from Homer and Aristotle in illustration of this circumstance, ibid.
Amen, very whimsical rabbinical derivation of this word, Numbers 5:22.
American Indians, singular opinion of the author of a work entitled The Star in the West, respecting the origin of these people, Hosea 9:17. Americans, the Gog of Ezekiel, according to Mede, Ezekiel 38:2. Amethyst, account of this precious stone, Exodus 28:17. Amorites, where formerly situated, Joshua 3:10. A name often given to the Canaanites in general, 2 Samuel 21:2.
Amos, short biographical sketch of, Introduction to Amos. {Amos 1:1} Observations of Jerome, Lowth, and Newcome, on the style of this prophet, ibid.
Amriolkais, an Arabic poet, whose works are in the Moallakat, Psalm 60:1, in principio.
Amru, an eminent Arabian poet, Psalm 60:1, in principio. Amygdalus communis, or common almond tree, description of the, Numbers 17:8.
Anammelech, an object of idolatrous worship among the Sepharvites, 2 Kings 17:31. Meaning of the name, ibid. Represented under the form of a horse, according to Jarchi, ibid. Probably the same with the Moloch of the Ammonites, ibid.
Anathoth, situation of, according to Eusebius, Jerome, and Josephus, Isaiah 10:28.
Anav, wn[, rendered meek, what it properly imports. Numbers 12:3. Anaximander, supposed by the Greeks to have been the inventor of the division of the day into hours, Daniel 3:6.
Anaximenes, singular anecdote concerning, Ecclesiastes 9:14. Ancient versions, readings in the, confirmed by Hebrew manuscripts, Genesis 25:8; 49:25; Judges 3:7; Job 5:15; 9:33; 21:13; Psalm 9:1, in principio, Psalm 16:10; 24:6; 25:5; 34:10; 53:4; 57:8; 59:9; Psalm 89:17; 90:1, 17; 110:1, 3, 6, 7; 115:1, in principio; Proverbs 8:15; Isaiah 1:29; 2:10; 3:6; 14:3; 18:4; 25:2; Isaiah 29:3, 11; 30:6; 32:13; 41:2, 3; 43:20; 44:11; 47:13; 48:11; Isaiah 49:5; 50:2; 51:19; 52:15; 53:3; 54:8; 56:10; 57:12; 58:13; Isaiah 60:4; 62:5; 63:6; 65:23; 66:18; Jeremiah 18:13. Ancile, or sacred shield that fell from heaven in the reign of Numa Pompilius, probably an aerolith, Joshua 10:11.
Andreas of Caesarea, account of this commentator, General Preface, p. 4. Aneb el dib, a name given by the Arabs to the solanum incanum, or hoary nightshade, Isaiah 5:2.
Angel, its general import in the Scriptures, Genesis 32:1; Exodus 3:2; Ecclesiastes 5:6; Haggai 1:13. Remarkable passage in Philo Judaeus relative to the angel in whom is the name of Jehovah, Exodus 23:20.
Angelic ministry, doctrine of, defended, Genesis 32:1, 2; Zechariah 1:2. Remarkable passage in Hesiod respecting the ministration of angels, Genesis 32:1.
Anglo - Saxon version, some account of the, General Preface, p. 22. Animalculae, astonishing minuteness of some species of inhabiting the water, Genesis 1:20.
Animals, offered to God under the Jewish dispensation, thoughts concerning the, Leviticus 1:2. The pagan theology differed widely in this respect from the law of Moses, ibid. Animals that had been employed for agricultural purposes not offered in sacrifice by the Hebrews, Greeks, Romans, nor Egyptians, Numbers 19:2.
Animals clean and unclean among the Jews, observations concerning, with an inquiry into the derivation of the various Hebrew words by which these animals are expressed, Leviticus 11:1 - 47. Their Linnaean classification and description Deuteronomy 14:5. Anna Perenna, a pagan feast of antiquity, how celebrated, Leviticus 23:31.
Anointing, ceremony of, see Unction.
Anointing of stones, images, &c., to set them apart to idolatrous worship, common among ancients and moderns, Genesis 28:18; Isaiah 57:6.
Anomalies, instances of, which are all probably corruptions, Isaiah 1:30; 5:1; 51:16; 63:2.
Ant, natural history of the, Proverbs 6:6.
Antarah, an eminent Arabic poet, whose work is contained in the Moallakat, Psalm 60:1, in principio.
Antares, longitude of this fixed star, B.C. 2337, and A.D. 1800, Job 9:35, in fine.
Antediluvian patriarchs, table of the great discrepancies in the Hebrew, Samaritan, and Septuagint copies, with respect to the time they are stated to have lived before their sons’ births, Genesis 5:3. Anthony, immense debt contracted by this individual the whole of which was paid in less than a month, Esther 3:9.
Anthropopathia, a striking example of this metaphor, Isaiah 1:24. Antigone of Sophocles, quotation from the, very similar to a passage in Psalm 121:4.
Antimony, employed by the Asiatics in staining the eyes, 2 Kings 9:30.
Antiochus Epiphanes, this Syrian monarch supposed by Martin to be the Gog of Ezekiel, Ezekiel 38:2.
Anubis, a city of Egypt, why also called Cynopolis, Exodus 11:7. Anubis Latrator, why this Egyptian idol was so named, Exodus 11:7. Apalim, µylp[, rendered emerods, probably mean hemorrhoids, 1 Samuel 5:8.
Apicius, an individual immensely rich, Esther 3:9. His tragical end, ibid.
Apis, an object of Egyptian idolatry, Genesis 43:32; Deuteronomy 4:17. Thought to have been posterior to the time of Joseph, ibid. The molten calf of Aaron supposed by some to have been an exact resemblance of this Egyptian idol, Exodus 32:4. For what purpose a white bull was occasionally sacrificed to Apis by the Egyptians, Leviticus 16:10. Apocryphal writings, that St. Paul quoted from the, according to the opinion of some, utterly incredible, Isaiah 64:4. Apollo, whence this heathen divinity had his name, according to Plutarch, Exodus 3:22 in fine. Worshipped under the form of a crow by the ancient Egyptians, Exodus 8:26. Whence the fable of Apollo or the sun being seated in a blazing chariot, drawn by horses which breathed and snorted fire, originated, according to some, 2 Kings 2:11. apomuiov, why this epithet was applied to Jupiter, Exodus 8:24. Aponius, a commentator on Solomon’s Song, General Preface, p. 4. Aquila, a translator of the Hebrew Scriptures into Greek, General Preface, p. 21
Arabic version of the Old Testament, some account of the, General Preface, p. 22; Isaiah 66:24, in fine.
Arabon, ˆwbr[, rendered pledge, inquiry into its import, Genesis 38:17.
Arabs, their independent condition from the remotest antiquity, an irrefragable proof of the Divine origin of the Pentateuch, Genesis 16:12. Dr. Shaw’s account of the manner in which the Arabs entertain strangers, Judges 6:19. Volney’s description of their personal appearance, Job 5:5. Various tribes of Arabs, Isaiah 42:11. Aram Naharaim, the same with Mesopotamia, Amos 9:7. Arbiter bibendi, among the Romans, who were the, Esther 1:8. Arbor infelix, the tree on which criminals were hanged so named among the Romans, Joshua 8:29; Esther 7:8.
Archimedes, how this celebrated mathematician destroyed the Roman fleet, and thus prolonged for a short time the political existence of Syracuse, Ecclesiastes 9:14.
Architecture of the temple, Dr. Delaney’s remarks on the Divine original of the, 1 Chronicles 28:19.
Arcturus, import of the Hebrew word so translated very uncertain, Job 9:9.
Ardsheer Diraz Dest, the same with Artaxerxes Longimanius, Ezra 1:1.
Argonautics, citation of a passage from the, which bears a close analogy to a part of the history of Jonah, Jonah 1:14.
Ariel, conjecture why Jerusalem was so named, Isaiah 29:1. Ariopharnes, king of Thrace, anecdote respecting, 1 Kings 3:25. Aristotle, Works of, said to contain four hundred and forty - five thousand two hundred and seventy verses; in what sense we are to understand this statement, Introduction to Ezra. {Ezra 1:1}
Ark of Noah, its tonnage according to Arbuthnot, Genesis 11:15. Shown to have been sufficiently capacious to contain every species of animal, with food for twelve months, ibid. Dr. Lightfoot’s calculation of its draught of water, Genesis 8:4.
Ark, in which were deposited the two tables of stone, its construction and dimensions, Exodus 25:10. Why the ark is called the footstool of God, Isaiah 60:13.
Arks of the heathens, some account respecting the, Exodus 25:40, in fine.
Armour, burning of, as an offering made to the god supposed to be the giver of victory, a custom among some heathen nations, Isaiah 9:4. The Romans used it as an emblem of peace, ibid. Description of a medal struck by Vespasian illustrative of this ancient custom, ibid. Arpach, jpra, import of this memorial symbol of the rabbins, Masoretic Notes at the end of Numbers.
Arrack, made of the juice of the date or palm tree, Psalm 92:12. Arrows, customary among the heathens to represent any judgment from the gods under the notion of, Deuteronomy 32:23. Arrows, round the heads of which inflammable matter was rolled and then ignited, were used by the ancients and shot into towns to set them on fire, and were discharged among the towers and wood - works of besiegers, Psalm 76:3.
Arsenal, for the temple, provided by David, according to Josephus, 2 Kings 11:10.
Arvad or Arad, where situated, Ezekiel 27:8.
Asa, king of Judah, his very magnificent funeral, 2 Chronicles 16:14. Asaph, a very celebrated musician who flourished in the time of David, Psalm 1:1, in principio. Twelve of the Psalms in the sacred canon, which bear the name of Asaph, thought by some to have been written by him, ibid. The style of David and Asaph compared, ibid.
Ashchenaz, where situated, Jeremiah 51:27.
Asher, why so named, Genesis 30:13.
Asherah, hrva, rendered grove, more probably signifies an idol of some description; perhaps the same with the Venus of the pagan mythology, 2 Kings 21:26, in fine.
Ashes upon the head, a sign of sorrow and great distress among many nations, 1 Samuel 4:12.
Ashima, an ancient object of idolatrous worship, 2 Kings 17:41, in fine.
Ashtoreth, an idol of the Sidonians, 1 Kings 11:5; 2 Kings 23:13. Ashummed Jugg, of the Hindoos, particular description of the, with an explanation of the mystic ceremonies, as given by the commentators upon their original scriptures, Leviticus 16:10. A very close copy of the Jewish scape - goat, ibid.
Asiatic bow, description of the, Psalm 78:57. Figure of its form in its quiescent state, and when ready to discharge the arrow or missile, ibid.; Zechariah 9:14.
Asiatic idols, description of several in the author’s possession, Ezekiel 1:10.
Asiatic proverbs, collection of, Proverbs 31:31, in fine. Asmoneans, observations on the motto said to have been upon their ensigns, Exodus 15:11.
Asnapper, very uncertain who, Ezra 4:10.
Asp, a very small serpent peculiar to Egypt and Libya, Psalm 91:13. No remedy for the bite of an asp, ibid. Singular effect of the venom upon the animal system, ibid. Why Cleopatra, the celebrated queen of Egypt, chose to die by the bite of this animal, ibid.
Asphaltites, Lake of, exceedingly salt, Joshua 15:62. Ass’s head, in the Holy of Holies, probable origin of the story of the heathens, that the Jews had a figure of this description to which they paid religious worship, 2 Kings 17:41, in fine.
Assembly of Divines, account of their notes upon the Scriptures, General Preface, p. 7.
Assyrians, their origin, Genesis 25:18. The same people with the Babylonians, according to Herodotus and Strabo, Isaiah 45:25. Astrology, Judicial, demonstrated to be vain, unfounded, absurd, and wicked, 1 Samuel 6:21, in fine.
Asuppim, the house of, why so named, 1 Chronicles 26:15. Asyla, of the Greeks and Romans, for what purpose erected, Numbers 35:11.
Atlas, fable of, whence it originated, Job 26:11. Atmosphere, enumeration of some of the great benefits derived from the, Job 28:28, in fine. Calculation of its pressure upon the whole terraqueous globe, 1 Samuel 2:36, in fine; Job 38:41, in fine. Observations on its refractive nature, 2 Kings 20:20, in fine. In what sense the atmosphere may be termed the belt or girdle of the earth, ibid. Atonement or expiation for sin, tradition concerning, strongly and universally retained among the heathens, 2 Kings 17:41, in fine. Attic moneys, tables of the, Exodus 36:24.
Augustine, some account of this celebrated commentator, General Preface, p. 4.
Aur, rwa, generally translated light, has various imports in different parts of the Old Testament, Genesis 1:3.
Aurum Reginae or Queen Gold, what, Esther 2:18. Authorized version, detailed account of the, General Preface, p. 14, &c. Autumnal rains, in the East, Dr. Shaw’s account of the, with their accompaniments, Psalm 135:7.
Avarice, very nervous saying of an English poet concerning, Jeremiah 17:11.
Aven or On, the famous Heliopolis, Ezekiel 30:17. Aven, Plain of, the same with Baal - Bek, according to Calmet, Amos 1:5. Avites, very uncertain who these people were, 2 Kings 17:41, in fine. Conjecture of Grotius respecting them, ibid.