Section 7: Auxiliary Verbs

SECTION VII.

OF AUXILIARY VERBS.

1. THERE are five Moods; the Indicative, the Imperative, the Optative, the Subjunctive, and the Infinitive.

2. There are nine Tenses; the Present, the Imperfect, the First Future, the First Indefinite, the Preterperfect, the Preterpluperfect, the Paulo-post-Future, (which is only used in the Passive Voice, and expresses a thing that is quickly to be,) the Second Future, and the Second Indefinite.

3. The Indefinite tenses are so called because of the various times to which they refer; for they are often used indifferently either for the Imperfect, Perfect, or Pluperfect; though mostly for the Perfect.

4. But they are sometimes used for the Present, and also for the Future; especially in Imperatives and Subjunctives.

5. There is but one Auxiliary Verb, which is eijmi<, I am.

6. It is conjugated thus: —

Present, Eijmi< Future, ἐσομαι Perfect, ἠν

INDICATIVE MOOD.

Present. Singular. Eijmi<, εἰς or ei+, ejvi>

Dual. ἐσὸν, ἐσόν

Plural. ἐσμὲν, ejse<, eijsi>.

Imperf. & Perf. S. ¥Hn, ἠς, h+ or ἠν

D. ἠτον, ἠτην

P. ἠμεν, ἠτε, ἠσαν.

Preterpluperf. S. ¥Hmhn, ἠσο, ἠτο

D. ἠμεθον, ἠσθον, ἠσθην

P. ἠμεθα, ἠσθε, ἠντο.

Future. S. ἐσομαι, ἐσῃ, ἐσεται

D. ἐσόμεθον, ἐσεσθον, ἐσεσθον

P. ἐσόμεθα, ἐσεσθε, ἐσονται.

IMPERATIVE MOOD.

Present. S. ÇIsqi or ἐσο, ἐσω

D. ἐσον, ἐσων

P. ἐσε, ἐσωσαν.

OPTATIVE MOOD: Εἰθε.

Pres. & Perf. S. Ei]-hn, hv, h

D. hton, ήτην

P. hmen, hte, hsan.

Future. S. ’Es-οίμην, oio, oito

D. οίμεθον, oisqon, οίσθην

P. οίμεθα, oisqe, ointo.

SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD.

Pres. & Perf. S. w+, h+|v, h+|

D. ἠτον, ἠτον

P. ὠμεν, ἠτε, ὠσι.

Future. S. &Es-wmai, h|, htai

D. ώμεθον, hsqon, hsqon

P. ώμεθα, hsqe, wntai.

INFINITIVE MOOD.

Pres. & Perf. Εἰναι Fut. ἐσεσθαι.

PARTICIPLES.

Present. N. w}n, οὐσα, o}n, Fut. N. ἐσόμεν-ov, h, on, G. ὀντος, οὐσης, ὀντος. G. ou, hv, ou, etc.