1810

The first day of the year 1810, we crossed Potato

Ferry.fq1 Thomas Lasley was ill, and we stopped at Haydicken’s,fq2 and gave him medicine: we were compelled to leave him at Blackmingo. Missing our way, we dropped upon Mr. John Graham; he was a Presbyterian, and showed us much kindness. On Tuesday we crossed Porter’s ferry.fq3 I have been unspeakably happy in God to-day. The people of Charleston have been faithfully warned; and it will be seen not many days hence, how God was with the conference. We were kindly entertained on Wednesday by Moses Smith.fq4 What do the rich do for us but spoil us? Ashpolefq5 was deep enough on Thursday; we got over in safety, and stopped at Joseph Lee’s.

NORTH CAROLINA

We have had a drop of rain now and then; but there has fallen much all around us. At Fayetteville on Friday I was very unwell; but I laboured through five letters.

Sabbath, 7. I preached in our enlarged house in the morning, and Bishop M’Kendree in the evening. We came rapidly next day forty-five miles to the widow Anderson’s. At Wilmington I spoke in the new chapel on Wednesday: I find the work of God is going on here. We are well in temporals, and a most correct account has been furnished us of all expenditures. I met the African elders, and gave command concerning the parsonage, the painting of the new fences, and the alteration and increase of the benches in the chapel. I recommended the purchase of a grave-yard, and gave a special charge concerning the poor: O, let me ever remember these! A general fast day for the African Churches was appointed. Thursday we rode forty-two miles to George Shepherd’s.fq6 On Friday we stopped at Lot Ballard’s, for refreshment and prayer, and fled away to Adonijah Penn’s: we were an hour in the night. We reached Newbern on Saturday evening. I am in unceasing prayer. Erasmus Hill may possibly sell the Gospel for a rich wife, as three or four others have done. Should I say here, And thou, Francis, take heed? Not of this sin.

Sabbath, 14. I preached in the morning: my mind enjoys great peace. Bishop M’Kendree spoke in the afternoon. Our prospects here are not very encouraging. On Monday we hasted away across Neuse, at Street’s ferry, to Mr. Allen’s: we dined and put off again, crossing Swift Creek, and came in after night to the widow Carman’s. A hard ride next day, of about fifty miles, brought us to the widow Williams’s in the night; rain in plenty. Rose at five o’clock to our day’s work; and Joseph Peppins received us, and sheltered us for the night. Thursday, up again at five o’clock, and passed through Murfreesborough to Jesse Battle’s. Are we riding for life? Nay; but we must not disappoint people; we are men of our words. I feel for others in bad travelling; but little for myself. Our horses are always well fed, and never fail: Lord! thou preservest man and beast, I may truly say. My soul is strong in faith, and constantly engaged in prayer. On Friday we crossed Knotty Pine at Manney’s ferry; stopped a few minutes at Judith Baker’s to talk and pray, and came in to D. Southall’s, at Gates court house. It is pleasant, but cold, cold! We proceeded with borrowed horses to Edenton. It is still excessively cold. Lodged with William Hankins. Sabbath, 21. Snow storm. We had twelve women and six men at the new chapel, and about one hundred Africans. I preached in the evening at Hankins’s to about forty women; my subject was a comment on our Lord’s conversation with Martha. E. Jones, by providence, has built us a house, and laid the foundation for an African chapel. Monday brought cold, and ice, and snow; it was well the horses were rough. We came in safety to Gates. We had dangerous travelling on Wednesday: lodged with D. Duke. VIRGINIA

On our way to Norfolk we stopped at I. Lunsford’s: came into Norfolk after night.

Thursday, closely employed in writing letters.fq7 I called the official members together to consult upon the propriety of setting apart a day for fasting, humiliation, and prayer. Friday, fasting and humiliation. I gave a brief discourse at the chapel on Joel 2:12, 13. Saturday, read my Bible and Marshall’s Life of Washington.

Sabbath, 28. I preached and met the society of both colours: I said many things, and some wept. I gave them a discourse at Portsmouth. Excessively cold on Tuesday; I preached at Cox’s chapel. In future I will try to hold the meetings in private houses. At Suffolk in the evening; poor Suffolk! On Thursday I gave an evening discourse at General Wells’s: the house was full. A cold ride brought us to William Blunt’s on Friday evening. My host’s wife and son are in affliction. My flesh complains of cold riding and the labour of preaching; may I be made perfect through sufferings! Saturday brought us through rain and snow, without eating or prayer, although we stopped twice, to William Birdsong’s. O, how comfortable! and we can pray here.

Sabbath, February 4. The day is serene; and so is my soul. I preached at my host’s, and at Wright Ellis’s. Here were great times thirty years ago; many are fallen asleep, and the children forget God. I felt awful in enlarging amongst these people upon the great salvation. I called twice at Blackwater church; shivering, eating a morsel, and praying. Our people preach there with success, and an encouraging society is formed. Lord, increase our faith! On Monday we wrought our solitary way through the woods to Allen’s bridge: the widow Pennington received us; her husband is dead: she is sick; her children irreligious: O, misery! O, mercy! We went on to James Rogers’s, where I gave them a discourse, and spoke as if a thousand had been present. We have passed like a mail through South and North Carolina. I solemnly sympathize with my dear brother Boehm; he has suffered greatly in his journey; an awful cough and fevers: Lord, what is life! Here is William Graves almost gone at fifty-five; Robert Jones, a helpless man at seventy-two, sunk to second childhood: God is with him. A fasting, weary ride, brought us to Petersburg.fq8 Our conference began on Thursday; and rose on the following Thursday. We had, Friday, ordination, and preaching in abundance. I gave an answer to an important question; it was, Whether the bishops had a right to form the eighth, or Genesee Conference? as also gave an answer to the Virginia Conference. At mid-day we started for Richmond, and arrived after six hours’ ride, without stopping. We stopped on our route next day at Caroline court house. A rapid ride through cold and snow brought us to Fredericksburg, forty miles.

Sabbath, 18. I preached to about one hundred souls; a day of feeble things. After meeting the society, I felt a freedom in my mind to travel onwards. We stopped at Suttle’s, and our bill was three dollars, without wine or stronger drink. Monday came on to Dumfries; where we stopped to visit a sick man and administer the sacrament. Arrived in Alexandria, and housed for the night with brother Sandford. Tuesday I preached to a few souls. DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Came to the Federal Cityfq9 on Wednesday, and rested three days. Ah, what a world of bustle and show have we here! On Friday I preached, though taken with a great hoarseness.

MARYLAND

We rode on to our brother Kinkey’sfq10 in Bladensburg. Saturday brought us to Baltimore. Fasting to keep down a hoarseness and sore throat. Sabbath, 25. At Light Street my subject was James 4:8-11. In the afternoon I spoke at the African house,fq11 on 1 Peter 5:5-7. I have had little rest for several nights. I visited Annapolis on Monday, and preached for them. The affection of the people is great, and my unworthiness is greater. No rest for Tuesday. We crossed, with wind and cold, South River ferry. I thought of taking down my wallet and eating my morsel of bread under the lee of some favouring tree, when, behold, Colonel Rawlingsfq12 and Samuel Maccubbinfq13 joined us; O, the case is altered! They can now receive a Methodist in their houses. Again in motion; we went, cut and go, through the bleak weather to brother Wood’s:fq14 here was one of my earliest stands for preaching twenty-eight years ago. Wednesday, at the widow Tannehill’s,fq15 I spoke to a full house. The work of God prospers in this quarter. I lodged once more with mine ancient friend Captain William Weems. O, my jaws and teeth!

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In West Maryland, we have nine circuits, five stations, twenty-five preachers, one hundred chapels, eleven thousand six hundred and twenty-two members; and perhaps one hundred local preachers. I am kindly and comfortably entertained by Miss Eliza Skinner. A cold Friday: we had about four hundred souls at Gray’s meeting house: they were deeply serious whilst I expounded 1 Corinthians 15:58. Lodged at the widow Skinner’s. I spoke on Saturday at Plumb Point to five hundred attentive hearers; after dining with Samuel Essex,fq16 we returned to William Weems’s. I have a continual pain in my jaws, so that I chew with difficulty. Our labour is not in vain in these parts.

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I held forth to about one thousand attentive souls in Weems’s chapel on “the great salvation.” I lodged with David Weems: his wife is in glory, his daughters in the Church, and his sons in the world. On Monday we rode fourteen miles through damps and thick woods to Samuel Maccubbin’s. I was done over. I blistered for a severe inflammation in the face. Tuesday morning, sick and suffering, I rode sixteen miles and filled an appointment at Bicknell’s chapel.fq17 I hasted on to Baltimore on Wednesday. Thursday, very sick: I need bleeding and medicine. I was scarcely able to sit in conference on Friday. Day of fasting and humiliation to all the members. Saturday, busy.

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Bishop M’Kendree preached. We had an ordination. I spoke by way of exhortation. Saturday, the conferencefq18 went forward with order and despatch, and rose at ten o’clock this morning. I rode to Perry Hall.

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Rode ten miles to the new chapel in Middle River Neck.fq19 I would not ride in the coach. Will my character never be understood? But gossips will talk. If we want plenty of good eating and new suits of clothes, let us come to Baltimore; but we want souls. A damp and misty Monday; but we set out for Henry Watters’s. I parted at Deer Creek (Ah, where to meet again!) with aged father Boehm,fq20 and my ancient friend Henry Watters. We found the wind fresh from the south in crossing the Susquehanna; but hard toil and a kind Providence brought us safely over, and we came into Northeast hungry and faint. I was mortified for an hour with one who had been expelled from our society. On Wednesday I once more preached at Northeast. Bishop M’Kendree exhorted. We hasted away fifteen miles to Bohemia chapel,fq21 I spoke to a serious congregation; in the evening once more under the roof of Richard Bassett.fq22 DELAWARE

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I gave a discourse at Union chapel.fq23 On Saturday attended the preaching of brother George Pickeringfq24 at Friendship meeting house. I dined with Gideon Emory; his father received me thirty-three years ago.

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At Smyrna my subject was 2 Chronicles 32:25, 26: it was an open time. George Pickering spoke after me. We collected liberally for Boston chapel,fq25 I felt solemn while walking in the grave-yard: here moulder my friends of thirty years past. The Africans were serious and attentive in the afternoon whilst I was speaking to them. I wrote letters to the south.fq26 My soul is full of confidence in God. On Monday I preached at Dover chapel; and next day at Green’s chapel.fq27 Most of my old friends in this quarter have fallen asleep; but their children are generally with me, and the three generations baptized. We hold in the peninsula, comprising the eastern shore of Virginia and Maryland, and the State of Delaware, about one hundred houses of God; twenty-two thousand nine hundred and thirty-five members; preachers, travelling and local two hundred and thirty- eight. Dined with Philemon Green, and lodged with Andrew Barratt.fq28 At Barratt’s chapel, brother Pickering and myself preached. On Thursday we had a cold ride to visit two families. O, Milford, there is death in the pot! Friday, at Milton, I preached; and also at Lewes on Saturday.

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I preached at Ebenezer. An awful storm prevented the

attendance of many. I spoke to the Africans in the town; and gave an exhortation in the church, after brother Pickering’s sermon; we hope our labours for the day have not been in vain. Brother Pickering spoke again on Monday; I added an exhortation. There was a crowd at the Sound chapel on Tuesday.

MARYLAND

We lodged at Robin Davis’s. Brother Boehm preached at Martin’s chapel: I added a few words. Lodged at William Leister’s. At Prideaux’s chapel on Sinepuxent, on Thursday. Who could well be kinder than the proprietor of this name who gave us the land! I was led to be very plain on Friday at Bowen’s chapel: there is life here. Lodged at Samuel Porter’s,fq29 the steward of the circuit; he is a solemn man in his appearance, as an official character ought to be. I have had, in my own spirit and flesh, trials and sufferings and also strong consolations. Paid a visit to William Quinton on Saturday.

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At Snow Hill the rain prevented more from attending than just filled the house. After preaching I met the society, white and coloured: the exercises of the day employed three hours. Lodged with B. Dewer:fq30 I spoke to a feeling people at Swan’s Cut meeting house.fq31 On Monday we went on to Hometown. Methodist preachers politicians! what a curse! This is a rude, cold spring, and I feel it sensibly: my jaws are still painful, and I cannot eat hard food. O for faith and patience! Tuesday morning I found Bishop M’Kendree had begun meeting. In the evening I preached on Romans 8:1; it was a very solemn time—doubtless the last with some of us.

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I preached at Newtown; we were crowded. This is a

flourishing little place, and we have a beautiful little chapel We came on, and once more visited Samuel Smith:fq32 I found him calm and happy in God after strong temptations. I preached at Curtis’s chapel to a crowded and attentive house. There is a great change for the better in the morals and manners of all ranks of people in this end of the peninsula, and none pretend to deny that the Methodists have wrought it. I rode down to Francis Water’s,fq33 in Potato Neck. They keep me busy: I must preach; I am senior; have been long absent; some never expected to hear me again; possibly, I may never come again: I am reminded that such and such I dandled in my lap: rich, too, thirty years ago, would not let me approach them; now I must visit them and preach to them; and the Africans, dear, affectionate souls, bond and free, I must preach to them. O God, give us the poor! Preached at the chapel on Friday: lodged with Stoughton Maddox. On Tuesday I had the use of the Presbyterian meeting house:fq34 it being court time, we were crowded. After dining I faced a storm of wind in our route to Salisbury.

Sabbath, 15. At Salisbury I preached at Quantico chapel: we held an ordination after sacrament. I met the society, and afterward gave a long exhortation to the Africans. On Monday I preached at Ennall’s chapel, dined at the widow Ennall’s, rode on twelve miles to Cambridge, and lodged with Doctor Edward White. Tuesday I gave them a discourse in Cambridge. Called upon George Ward, and rode forward to Thomas Foster’s pleasant cottage. On Wednesday I had a meeting at Washington chapel: it was a quiet, solemn, and feeling time. I met the society to my great comfort: they are faithful. On Thursday we opened the Philadelphia conference at Easton,fq35 and went with despatch and great harmony through our usual work. We had preaching as usual, and a camp meeting in the neighbourhood: the stations were read off with much solemnity, and we parted in peace. What a grand and gracious time we have had! how kind and affectionate the people! There have been some serious changes of my making:—may I please the Lord, and all men to edification and consolation! We have added nine, located nine, and stationed seventy-four preachers. On Saturday we came away at five o’clock to Henry Downs’s: my host and his wife are old acquaintances and friends; we met and parted with the feelings of such. I went on and dined with Philip Harringtonfq36 at Greensboro, another ancient friend: we reached Dover at the end of fifty miles’ ride for the day. Bishop M’Kendree preached at night; I followed with a few observations on real discipleship and true friendship to the Lord Jesus.

DELAWARE

Moved to Keagy’s on Monday. I preached at Salem chapelfq37 on Tuesday, the first of the month: on Wednesday at the new chapel,fq38 and in the evening at the African chapel in Wilmington.

PENNSYLVANIA

After preaching at Bethel chapel, we had a ride through the rain to Mount chapel, and here ended our Thursday’s labours—I hope they were not in vain; lodged at Aaron Mattson’s. Friday unwell; the appointment was at four o’clock by information; brother Boehm attended at eleven o’clock, and he was right. At Chester church I preached the funeral of Mary Withy on Saturday: she was awakened to a deep inquiry respecting the salvation of her soul whilst I officiated in her house at family prayer: this was in the year 1772, on my first journey to Maryland. She had lived twelve years a wife, forty-four years a widow, and for the last thirty years kept one of the best houses of entertainment on the continent: in her household management she had Martha’s anxieties, to which she added the spirit and humility of Mary. Her religious experiences had been chequered by doubts and happy confidence. She slept in Jesus.

We came into Philadelphia late.

Sabbath, May 6. Preached and we had an open time. There are difficulties here; some displeased with their stations.

NEW JERSEY

I came on to Burlington on Monday, and preached for them. Tuesday, gave a discourse at New Brunswick, in the court house. Wednesday, spoke in the new chapel, Rahway.fq39 Lord, what am I?—save me from fainting under my burden! As we came out on Thursday a man overtook us, halted George Pickering to tell him he ought to have preached against the iniquity of taking twelve per cent. interest on loans. T.M. and he may preach themselves gray before they will preach the people good. NEW YORK

We are in New York. Friday, great times here—two new houses within the year.fq40 I preached at old John street: this is the thirty-ninth year I have officiated within the wallsfq41; this house must come down, and something larger and better occupy its place. Saturday, at the widow Sherwood’s. I saw William Blagburne,fq42 a member of the British Conference twenty-five years, and well recommended by Doctor Coke and others.

Sabbath, 13. At the White Plains we had a cold, cloudy day, I had Divine help whilst I commented on Hebrews 6:9, 10; I added a word of special exhortation to the Africans. At Nathan Purdy’s I was greatly comforted in feeling the life in the members of the little society. The preachers have preserved order and discipline, but the fire has been kept up principally by others of less official importance. At Bedford chapel on Monday; after preaching we came on to Mr. Williams’s: I baptized his child, Francis Asbury; may all such be the real children of God! Tuesday, a long, cold, hilly, rough ride, brought us by the widow Sandford’s to Prince Rowe’s: we had a crowded congregation. Wednesday we passed a small, but excellent house for our people.fq43 I dined with brother Neice, Dover, and preached at Amenia.

MASSACHUSETTS

A heavy ride on Thursday brought us to E. King’s, Egremont: brother Crawford preached, and I added a few warnings on the shortness and uncertainty of life.

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Came through Great Barrington: chiefly of the Anglican Church here. Called at Mr. Steam’s—kind and generous; thence by Lenox to Pittsfield. I have found it somewhat difficult to keep my mind in continual prayer whilst travelling these rude, rough, rocky roads. On Saturday I indulged in a little rest: wrote some letters. Sabbath, 20. I opened our solemn assembly at half-past ten o’clock, on Philippians 3:17-21; there was great heaviness in the congregation. Bishop M’Kendree spoke in the afternoon: his subject was well chosen and well improved. There was also a prayer meeting, and in the Congregational house George Pickering preached. We sat in conference until Saturday: amongst the ordinations was that of Stephen Bamford, recommended from Nova Scotia for elder’s orders. We have stationed eighty-four preachers, sent two missionaries—one to Michigan, and one to Detroit. There was a considerable deficiency in our funds, which left the unmarried preachers a very small pittance.

Sabbath, 27. Daniel Hitt preached in the morning, and Francis Asbury in the afternoon. We came away on Tuesday. On Wednesday we crossed the perpetual hills, and were willing to dine and rest a little. After refreshment we proceeded on over the beautiful Connecticut bridge and gained Sunderland for the evening. Lodged at Mr. Leonard’s. I resolved to send a missionary among these rude wilds: my feelings are strong towards the souls in the little towns on this route. We reached Northfield in twenty miles’ tiding, stopped at Mr. Houghton’s.

NEW HAMPSHIRE

Reached Chesterfq44 on Thursday evening. Dark, dark!

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Fasted from six o’clock yesterday until this evening at six o’clock. I spent some time in prayer and exhortation at Elias Marble’s. Saturday, close application to writingfq45 and reading.

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I officiated in the morning, and Henry Boehm in the evening: I think my words pierced the hearts of some like a sword. I neither spared myself nor my hearers. Monday, occupied in writing and reading. On Wednesday we opened our conference in the Presbyterian church. We had appointed a camp meeting within three miles, where there was preaching three times a day. The ordinary business being gone through, I read off the stations on Monday, and closed, as usual, with solemn prayer. There was a work of God manifestly, and opposition rose powerfully: we regretted we could not stay two days more. Although amongst strangers, we were kindly entertained. And shall not our prayers be heard on behalf of these people? yea, verily; and Methodism shall raise Zion from the dust. MASSACHUSETTS

We came away, over bleak rocks and hills, through Fitzwilliam to Winchester. I preached in a new, neat Methodist chapel of our own building. Next day to Waltham; and the day after to Boston. My mind has enjoyed much of God, and great consolation: I only want every minute and moment to be in prayer, mental or vocal.

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I spoke in the old chapel in the morning, with freedom; in the evening at the new chapel, with less liberty, but there was manifest power in the word. On Monday I wrote five letters of supplication to our brethren in Baltimore, Georgetown, Alexandria, Norfolk, and Charleston, for a congregational collection for the use of the new chapel here. Set out, winding my way through the crooked streets of the city, and passed through country villages to Easton. A young brother has lately died here in great triumph. Tuesday at Somerset, I gave them a discourse—it was close preaching.

RHODE ISLAND

On Wednesday, at Warren, my audience gave me a little of their attention. Our preachers get wives and a home, and run to their dears almost every night: how can they, by personal observation, know the state of the families it is part of their duty to watch over for good? We kept on our way to Rhode Island. O, the death, the formality in religion! Surely the zealous, noisy Methodists, cannot but do good here! At Bristol, on Thursday, the truth was manifested, whilst I spoke with power to the consciences of the people. The favourite preacher is removed hence,fq46 sinners and saints are displeased at this; my labours stand for nothing; I must take my share of reproach. We lodged at a friend’s house, and sent our horses to a tavern. I thank them even for this—what are we? Friday, humbled ourselves. I preached at Zoar chapel:fq47 I spared not, and the truth was felt. Visited T. Barker, and lodged with friend Ayerts. We are on our lees here—no riding of circuits, local preaching, and stations filled in the towns. My soul is bowed down by the consideration of the state of the Church.

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I have preached three times to-day. I officiated in the evening, because it was observed that at the stated hours people ought to attend their own places of worship, and because I knew there were not a few who were ashamed to be seen going to a Methodist meeting: eight o’clock screened them very well. I indulged a desire I felt to speak to the soldiers of the garrison at Fort Wolcottfq48—there are faithful souls there. Colonel Beall had received orders, and was bidding farewell, to go and take a command in Maryland: I knew not which felt most, but I think the colonel; the soldiers loved him as a father: it was, indeed, a painful parting. Monday we set out.

CONNECTICUT

Tuesday evening brought us to New London. I called, on my way, to see Mr. Rogers:fq49 we refreshed body and soul by eating, talking, and prayer. I have seen Jesse Lee’s History for the first time: it is better than I expected.fq50 He has not always presented me under the most favourable aspect: we are all liable to mistakes, and I am unmoved by his. I correct him in one fact. My compelled seclusion in the beginning of the war, in the State of Delaware, was in no wise a season of inactivity; on the contrary, except about two months of retirement, from the direst necessity, it was the most active, the most useful, and most afflictive part of my life.fq51 If I spent a few dumb Sabbaths,—if I did not, for a short time, steal after dark, or through the gloom of the woods, as was my wont, from house to house to enforce that truth I (an only child) had left father and mother, and crossed the ocean to proclaim,—I shall not be blamed, I hope, when it is known that my patron, good and respectable Thomas White, who promised me security and secrecy, was himself taken into custody by the light-horse patrol: if such things happened to him, what might I expect, a fugitive, and an Englishman? In these very years we added eighteen hundred members to society, and laid a broad and deep foundation for the wonderful success Methodism has met with in that quarter. The children, and the children’s children of those who witnessed my labours and my sufferings in that day of peril and affliction, now rise up by hundreds to bless me. Where are the witnesses themselves? Alas! there remain not five, perhaps, whom I could summon to attest the truth of this statement. I gave them a sermon at New London; and many attended at a short notice. We reached Colchester by twelve o’clock on Wednesday, and preached in the evening at Hebron. The congregation was small, because the people did not expect us to come through the rain: they will know us better by and by. On Thursday I preached at Eastbury in the woods, and had a gracious time. We passed through Hartford on Saturday, and continued on to Middletown. There was no appointment, as our coming was unknown. We hasted away on Monday—little sleep in an awful house. I preached at Burlington: it was what is called close cutting. There is some life here. Lodged with brother West, once a great Seventh-day Baptist. I gave them a sermon at Goshen on Tuesday.

NEW YORK

Preached next evening at Amenia: they want a house; I gave them a plan. Friday, preached at Rowe’s chapel. A ride of twelve miles farther brought us to brother Garrettson’s. The ride, since we left New York, I presume to be six hundred miles. Our ease in Zion makes me feel awful: who shall reform the reformers? Ah, poor dead Methodists! I have seen preachers’ children wearing gold—brought up in pride. Ah, mercy, mercy!

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I preached in the chapel to a small congregation. Monday, crossed the North River, came through Esopus to John Crawford’s, hungry enough.

We reached New Durham. We prayed at Runyan’s, and gave away books. The people came to hear me: spent with labour and sorrow, how could I preach? I hope the truth was felt. Lodged with father Hubbert.fq52 We bent our way up Catskill,fq53 and crossed the mountains to Middleburg. Some foolish boys were at cards; we were, however, respectfully treated. I prayed heartily for the family, and gave away some good books, and blessed the household in the name of the Holy Trinity: shall our blessing be lost? We directed our course towards the New Sharon camp meeting. I know not if the people might not starve in the mountains, were it not for the saw-mills and lumber. We came into the camp. On Thursday, I preached in the camp in the morning, and Henry Boehm at four o’clock in the afternoon, in German. I took occasion to direct a special exhortation to the members of the quarterly meeting. Friday, travelled forward to Cherry Valley,fq54 and rested at brother Farley’s.fq55 Our sister complained that I could not often be seen—she wished to be a few minutes in my company at Trenton; but she was afraid I was crowded. I told her that all who wished to see me might be indulged in the back settlements—a cabin has not always two rooms. At Litchfield I visited the pious and aged Arnolds. Our ride of fifty miles, with abstinence, has made us faint,. Saturday, through the Eaton of Chenango to Cazenovia—a ride of forty miles. I pray always: prayer is my life.

Sabbath, 15. I preached in Silas Bliss’s barn. Wednesday. I arrived this evening at Daniel Dorsey’s. Friday. Our conference began to-day.fq56 Sabbath, 22. Preached at the encampment. Wednesday. Conference ended—great order and despatch in business—stationed sixty-three preachers. Came away to Geneva. Thursday. Went around Seneca Lake. Friday. Bread and water. Came to New Townfq57 and stopped at the widow Dunn’s a few minutes for prayer, and continued on down to Tioga Point,fq58 and housed with Captain Clark.fq59

PENNSYLVANIA

Wefq60 have made forty-seven miles to-day. Saturday. We must needs come the Northumberland road:fq61 it is through an awful wilderness. We stopped at Eldred’s:fq62 they are English, and disciples of Priestley.fq63 Alas! Read and prayed in the woods. I leave the rest to God. If the cry of want of order came from God, the appointment of the Genesee Conference was one of the most judicious acts of our episcopacy. We stationed sixty-three preachers, and cured some, till then, incurable cases. In the last three clays and a half we have ridden one hundred and forty miles: what mountains, hills, rocks, roots, and ruts! Brother Boehm was thrown from the sulky, but, providentially, not a bone broken.

Sabbath, 29. In the wilderness; but God is with us. Wretched lodging, and two dollars! Whilst busy in writing, John Brownfq64 came and took us to his cabin. We forded the swollen and rapid streams three times; the Loyalsock was the worst. We have spent the remainder of the day in reading, singing, and prayer. The rains had increased the streams, so that we kept our retreat on Monday. Tuesday. At the fordings we found drift logs obstructing the way: the stream was very full, and our toil through it great. Two active, bold men, with the aid of a canoe, got us and the horses safe over. Thunder and rain, and an awful mountain, were now before us; but God brought us safe to Muddy Creek.fq65 Deep roads and swollen streams we had enough of on our route to Northumberland on Wednesday. After waiting two hours at Morehead’s ferry,fq66 on Thursday morning, we got over the Susquehanna, and dined at Ferguson’s;fq67 these are Methodists lately from Ireland. Lodged at Mr. Folke’s.fq68 Friday, to Middletown.fq69 We here broke bread with Doctor Romer,fq70 a German, who has translated our Discipline for his countrymen. My friends came in haste and gladness to see me: we prayed and parted, for time was precious. At Lancaster I was unwell. Fifteen letters met me here, and they were to be answered, and I had but a day. I preached in father Boehm’s chapel.

Sabbath, August 5. Preached in Lancaster morning and evening. After forty years’ labour we have a neat little chapel of our own. Monday, away for Columbia, and preached there at twelve o’clock. Came on to Little York, and arrived at seven o’clock in the evening. Tuesday morning, rose at four o’clock, and after writing four letters, started away, calling on friends George Nailor and Wall, stopping for the night at friend Casper Weaver’s. Reached Carlisle on Wednesday; preached in the evening. I drew a plan for a new chapel, seventy by forty-five, of one story: the cost about two thousand dollars. Shall I be able to answer the twenty letters that have met me here? A letter, which I saw, written by one of our preachers, says he has twenty-eight appointments to fill in twenty-five days, besides meeting one thousand seven hundred in classes; it was from Allen Green.fq71 Thursday. A very warm ride brought us to Shippensburg.fq72 Lodged with brother Reid. Preached in our improved chapel. Friday, came to Chambersburg.fq73 I preached in the court house, though we have a neat little chapel; the word of truth shall not be lost. Saturday was awfully warm, and we had a heavy ride over three mountains.fq74

Sabbath, 12. At Fort Littleton chapel I preached; and we administered the sacrament; but as my aid was lame, the labour fell on me: though wearied and sore with travelling, I enjoyed a gracious season. Monday. We encountered the steep, rugged path over Sideling Hill; we had heat, rocks, dust, and then rain. Bloody Run is henceforth New Hope. I preached at Barndollar’s tavern. The Lord has seven in this family who fear and worship him. This was a very wicked place; but O, what hath God wrought! Tuesday, we shod our horses and came away to Bedford. Here it was wished I would stop and preach, but time did not permit. I dined with brother Stevens, and kept on, fourteen miles, to Metzkeffer’s. Things in this house were not as they should be: brother Boehm prayed in German. We were well treated. Wednesday. We rode eleven miles for our breakfast at Wynn’s stone tavern, on the top of the Alleghany; thence to Mrs. Moore’s in Somerset. Hard roads, and I am not well. Thursday. Our road, in places, was very bad: dined at Indian Creek and reached Connellsville in the evening. I enter my protest, as I have yearly for forty years against this road. Lodged once more under the roof of my dear brother Banning, junior, and christened a child for him. We have ridden, since we left Ontario, five hundred and forty miles by computation. O, what a life is this! My aid is lame, and I am obliged to drive. People call me by my name as they pass me on the road,fq75 and I hand them a religious tract in German or English; or I call at a door for a glass of water, and leave a little pamphlet. How may I be useful? I am old, and feeble, and sick, and can do little. I am grieved to find that little, promising Bedford circuit is likely to be injured by one I was afraid would not do his duty; feeble in mind and body, small things are to be hoped from him. And the poor Germans! they are as sheep without a shepherd. Came to the widow Stevens’s on Friday. Saturday, we reached Brownsville, and dined at Mr. Hogg’s.

Sabbath, 19. I preached at the camp ground morning and evening: the congregation might have amounted to three thousand souls. There were very wicked people there I learned, who desperately libelled brother M’Kendree and the preachers, and committed other abominable offences. Monday I was called on to preach in the morning. I took occasion to give a solemn warning to certain sons of Belial, that they would be watched, and their names published: I felt much, but God was in the truth. I suffered a great deal from hard lodging, and want of fire in the damps of the morning. There were about one hundred tents, besides wagons. Tonight a watch night. We started away on Tuesday. Surely this camp meeting will be remembered in time, and its fruits seen in eternity. On Thursday I dined with Benjamin Fell and family: the old pair, about seventy, are patiently waiting for the consolation of Israel. I preached at Philip Smith’s at four o’clock, after beating about twenty miles over the hills. Friday brought us to Pittsburgh.fq76 Saturday, O what a prize! Baxter’s Reformed Pastor fell into my hands this morning.

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Preached on the foundation of the new chapel.fq77 to about five hundred souls. I spoke again at five o’clock to about twice as many. The society here is lively, and increasing in numbers. We rose at four o’clock on Monday, and started early. I called on Esquire Johnson; his wife is a daughter to my special friend, Barnabas Johnson: how affectionately was I received by old and young! I have seen three generations of this family. We hasted away to Washington; and had heat and hard toil for travelling companions. I gave the good citizens a discourse at five o’clock: the principal members were gone to Short Creek, but others filled their places. Can any one be kinder than my kind host M’Fadden? It is reported that at Short Creek fifty persons were applicants for membership. Three hundred and thirty-five communicants. There were at this camp meeting about fifty tents and forty wagons. I have been reading Fox; his narrative concerning himself and others is truly wonderful.

OHIO

Friday we rode twenty-two miles to Barnesville. I preached in a private house. The Methodists and Friends have a kindly contest for supremacy here. Saturday, to James Sherrock’s, a local preacher, an Englishman from Lancashire. We went to Leatherwood’s Creek.

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Rested and preached in Queensbury chapel, to a full

house convened at a short notice. I was very plain. The prospects are encouraging in Wills’s Creek circuit. I can read and think as in years past. My health is good, and I am in perfect peace and love! O, the goodness of God to me! I have journalized very little of my life and exercises, and less of my sufferings; but the Lord knoweth. On Monday we had to beat the path to Jesse Waller’s. Though feeble and faint, I preached and baptized some children. We had one room to lodge in, plenty of beds, and abundance of food for man and beast. Tuesday, we passed many a jolting place, rough with roots of trees and logs: we were willing to stop at Polk’s and take a little food. From hence we were politely conducted to Peter Monroe’s. Elder Boehm preached in the house of Mr. Reynolds. Wednesday. To my surprise, I was asked to baptize Joseph Asbury Reynolds.fq78 We continued on by the Salt Works to Marietta,fq79 where I lectured to a few people. Thursday, to Mogg’s Creek. We tasted neither bread nor water, until we reached father Shumen’s, twenty-three miles. We held meeting at night, and I gave them a discourse. Friday, to Waterford, and Samuel Miller’s fertile soil; but he has, as yet, made little progress in improvement. Here is a family, the grandfather and grandmother of which died in the Lord; so the father and mother promise to do; and the children have begun to live to God: I preached for them and their neighbours. WEST VIRGINIA

Saturday. I hear of a camp meeting at Little Kenawha, and must needs go there.fq80 After toiling through bad roads and accidents at the ferry to detain us, we are here this Saturday night at nine o’clock, safe at the house of the brother of Wilson Lee.fq81 Lord, prepare me by thy grace for the patient endurance of hunger, heat, labour, the clownishness of ignorant piety, the impudence of the impious, unreasonable preachers, and more unreasonable heretics and heresy!

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I preached at the camp twice. Souls were converted, and we hope much good was done. We ordained John Holmes an elder. Monday, came away. At B. Wolf’s, we gave them Dutch and English sermons. Tuesday, preached at the Point Wood’s court house, to a large congregation.

OHIO

We lodged at Mr. Browning’s, on the other side of the river.fq82 On Wednesday I preached in a school house on a bluff opposite Blennerhassett’s island.fq83 Colonel Putnum, son of the renowned general of that name, invited me to the house of Waldo, grandson of the old chief: I had a very interesting interview with several revolutionary officers, emigrants to this country, from good old Massachusetts. Thursday, we took our departure from the banks of the beautiful river (the Ohio), beautiful indeed! How rich the hanging scenery of its wood-crowned hills! Our route was towards and near the Hocking River, a rude, toilsome way: we were glad to stop a moment, and dine at Esquire Rilshure’s. We continued on to Burch’s, and lodged. I feel the effect of toil in every bone and muscle, but I have great consolations. Friday, at camp meeting at Atkins’s. I lodged at Barker’s. The dear infant died: Ah! what a cry! ‘twas a mother’s cry. Saturday I preached in the camp, a humiliation sermon. Mr. Lindley, a Presbyterian clergyman, preached after me. The ground for the camp is beautiful; order is preserved, and there will be good done.

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We had sinners of all varieties to hear us. I spoke plainly. On Monday I preached by special request. Great order has been observed, much good done, and the hearts of many prepared for the future reception of the truth. Tuesday, we started away, although I was ill fitted to drive a wilderness road. At Donnelly’s, we dined, prayed, and gave away books. Wednesday we reached Chilicothe, and put up with our old friend, Doctor Tiffin: I was happy to find him no longer in public life, but a private citizen, respectable and respected, and the work of God revived in his soul. I have preached to many souls in the late camp meetings: Lord, give thy word success! My own soul is humbled and purified: Glory be to God! Thursday, I preached at Chilicothe at four o’clock. On Friday, engaged in private duties. I paid a visit to my much-esteemed friend, Governor Worthington, at Mount Prospect: he requested me to furnish an inscription for the tombstone of his sainted and much-loved sister, Mary Tiffin; I gave him Luke 10:42, second line to the end. Saturday, closely occupied with books and my pen.

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Preached, and baptized a whole family of Quaker descent: I took occasion to give a lecture on the expediency of this Christian rite, and the duty and additional obligations it imposed upon parents. I spoke again in the evening, and was awfully severe; perhaps too much so. On Monday we came away to Samuel Davis’s. Tuesday, I baptized a child, Thomas Asbury Parvias. Wednesday. We have had a hard journey to-day, and after two hours’ ride through the woods in the night, we sheltered ourselves under the hospitable roof of Esquire Miranda. Thursday, we crossed the Little Miami; dined at Taulman’s; and came into Cincinnati oppressed and faint with sickness, excessive heat, and loss of rest. Friday, Henry Boehm preached in German: I added an exhortation in English.

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I preached morning and evening: it was a season of deep seriousness with the congregations. I felt an intimate communion with God; and a great love to the people, saints and poor sinners. Monday, met the society. Tuesday, we bade farewell to our attentive and affectionate friends in Cincinnati. The great river was covered with mist until nine o’clock, when the airy curtain rose slowly from the waters, gliding along in expanded and silent majesty. We laboured around the rough banks and over the dry ridge of Bank Lick Creek to Barnes’s. Alas! for the people— there is a great call for missionaries for Eagle Creek and the Ridge. Wednesday, came to Conge’s to dine, and stopped at Mubury’s to lodge. Thursday, to Jesse Griffin’s. Friday, at rest. Preached for the people. There is a drought prevailing; and the heat is very intense. KENTUCKY

Saturday we started away for Lexington, and were well soaked with a glorious shower when about nine miles from the town. Henry Boehm preached.

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I preached at eleven o’clock, and gave an exhortation

after five o’clock sermon in the evening. Monday, reading the best of books, and writing letters. Tuesday, at Winchester, Clark county, we stopped at Leroy Cole’s.fq84 Wednesday, busily occupied in my room. Thursday, I preached to a very attentive congregation. Friday, called at Major Martin’s. I have time to-day to complete Mark’s Gospel. I mark well that all the Evangelists concur in this:—that the high-priest delivered Jesus to the Roman governor as the Son of God, upon his own confession. Saturday I preached at Abraham Cassell’s, brother to Leonard Cassell, of Maryland.fq85 I learn that Benedict Swope,fq86 my old acquaintance, died last winter: he was a man of more than common mind and gifts, and might have been much more useful than I fear he was.

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At Nicholasville I preached about an hour to Presbyterians, Methodists, and I know not whom.fq87 Monday. This has been an awful day to me—I visited Francis Poythress: “If thou be he—but O, how fallen!”fq88

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After a ride of thirty miles, we found comfort and a welcome with Racliff, in Woodford county.

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Came by lowly-seated Frankfort. Here are elegant

accommodations provided for those who make the laws, and those who break them; but there is no house of God. Lodged with Edward Talbot. Thursday, writing. Friday, abstaining, praying, and writing. Saturday, at William Adams’sfq89 log chapel I preached to a small assembly.

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At Shelbyville I preached in the court house: we were

crowded. M’Chord, a seceding minister, preached two sermons upon the Deity of the Holy Spirit: he was orthodox, and indulged in some fine flights of eloquence. Elder Wilson spoke in the evening. Monday, I preached at Henry Lyon’s. Lodged with Mr. Hardin.fq90 Tuesday, I preached at Philip Taylor’s.fq91 My mind is in great peace. The Methodists are all for camp meetings; the Baptists are for public baptizings: I am afraid his dipping, with many, is the ne plus ultra of Christian experience. Wednesday, I rest at Taylor’s. Writing and reading. Thursday, rode to Joseph Ferguson’s, twenty-five miles. Saturday. We have spent this day in a visit to the family of Captain Cyrus Talbot: may salvation come in power, and suddenly, to this amiable and interesting household!

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I spoke at Ferguson’s chapel for an hour, and the wind beating on my head; may the word of truth be deeply and long felt! We have an open door set wide to us in Mississippi; the preachers there sent but one messenger to conference—they could not spare more; they keep their ground like soldiers of Christ, and men of God who care for the cause and work of the Lord. Good news from the South—great prospects within the bounds of the South Carolina Conference. Monday, we rode rapidly to Philip Taylor’s. Wednesday, came sixteen miles.

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Began conference in great peace and good

order.fq92 Friday. Day of humiliation and fasting. I preached in an open house to a cold auditory. Conference progressed well; there were twenty- six admitted.

Sabbath, 4. Bishop M’Kendree preached; and I finished the meeting with an exhortation. There were elders and deacons ordained in the work. On Thursday I preached; speaking long, and with great plainness. We have minuted ninety-five as stationed. There is an increase of four thousand members within the bounds of this conference. I have sold my sulky, and purchased a horse, that I may more easily wind my way through the wilderness to Georgia. The reward of my toils is not to be found in this world. Friday, came to Philip Taylor’s. Saturday, to Springfield Hills—a long, heavy ride.

Sabbath, 11. My mind enjoys great tranquillity. Bishop M’Kendree preached in the morning, the Presbyterians at twelve o’clock, and I spoke in the evening. There have been unpleasant times for the Presbyterians and Methodists; but they are more united now—their ministers appoint meetings for each other. Monday, we rode to Manoah Lasley’s,fq93 on Green River. To Ament’s,fq94 twenty-five miles. Wednesday, twenty-five miles to Gatton’s. My body, I find, is still flesh; my mind enjoys great peace.

TENNESSEE

Thursday, a damp, heavy ride brought us in, about three o’clock, to James Gwinn’s.fq95 Whilst riding along my soul enjoys sweet and intimate communion with God. The advantages of being on horseback are: that I can better turn aside to visit the poor; I can get along more difficult and intricate roads; I shall save money to give away to the needy; and, lastly, I can be more tender to my poor, faithful beast. Friday, rested, fasted, read, wrote letters. Saturday, visited James M’Kendree,fq96 lately from Virginia. Sabbath, 18. I rode to Gwinn’s chapelfq97—a nice building. Behind it the cabins and the ground make a charming square for a camp meeting. Monday, we had a damp, muddy ride to friend Haines’s. His wife was surprised—she recollected me. How frequently we find our wandering sheep in travelling! Since I am on horseback my fetters are gone: I meditate. and pray much more at my ease. Lodged with John M’Gee. Tuesday, to Dr. Tooley’s. Wednesday. A ride of thirty miles brought us to Shaw’s.fq98 Thursday, fifteen miles to breakfast at Quarles’s; twenty-five miles to supper at Elder Terry’s. Friday, to the Crab Orchard; thence to Major Hailey’s.fq99 Saturday, to Kingston, thirteen miles; thence to Winton’s, twenty miles.

Sabbath, 25. I preached at Winton’sfq100 in the evening. We have hard labour and suffering; but I dare not complain when I see the wretched fate of the poor Africans in slavery. We pass along so rapidly, that we have only time to pray in the houses we visit; this we have done, except in one case. A damp, cold, dreary rough ride brought us very hungry to Joseph Black’s,fq101 where man and beast were fed, and kindly entertained. Tuesday, we came to dinner to father Obadiah Fowler’s:fq102 and then pushed on to Porter’s.fq103 Snow most of the day. Glory be to God for the great support both of soul and body I derive from Him! Wednesday I rested, and gave them a sermon. The word of truth found its way to the hearts of some. Thursday, we were in doubt whether We should take the old or the new route:fq104 we took Mahon’s road,fq105 and got along pretty well, thirty miles, to the gate:fq106 the woman was sick; but the girls of the house were attentive and polite at Mr. Mahon’s.

NORTH CAROLINA

Friday, our troubles began at the foaming, roaring stream, which hid the rocks. At Cataloocheefq107 I walked over a log. But O, the mountain— height after height, and five miles over! After crossing other streams, and losing ourselves in the woods, we came in, about nine o’clock at night, to Vater Shuck’s.fq108 What an awful day! Saturday, December 1. Last night I was strongly afflicted with pain. We rode, twenty-five miles, to Buncombe. Sabbath, December 2. Bishop M’Kendree and John M’Gee rose at five o’clock, and left us to fill an appointment about twenty-five miles off.fq109 Myself and Henry Boehm went to Newton’s academy,fq110 where I preached. Brother Boehm spoke after me; and Mr. Newton, in exhortation, confirmed what was said. Had I known and studied my congregation for a year, I could not have spoken more appropriately to their particular cases; this I learn from those who know them well. We dined with Mr. Newton: he is almost a Methodist, and reminds me of dear Whatcoat—the same placidness and solemnity. We visited James Patton;fq111 this is, perhaps, the last visit to Buncombe. Monday. It was my province to-day to speak faithfully to a certain person: may she feel the force of, and profit by the truth. Tuesday, came thirty-three miles to Murray’s at Green River.fq112 SOUTH CAROLINA

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rode thirty miles to Rev. James Gilliard’s.fq113 I found him sick, and prescribed for him. On inquiry into the state of his soul, he expressed his confidence in God. He is alone, with a growing family, and the charge of a hundred and forty families. Thursday, discovered that my horse was lame, and felt discouragement. We breakfasted with kind and attentive Anthony Foster;fq114 and continued on to Robert Hales’s.fq115 Friday. Reached the Fish Damfq116 in the evening. Our sister Glenn went to glory about twelve months ago; her exit was made in the full triumph of faith. Saturday, crossed Broad River at Clark’s ferry, and pressed forward to Mr. Means’s.fq117 Here, and it seldom happens that I seek such a shelter, we were under the roof of a rich man; we were treated with much politeness and kindness. Great fatigue, my lame horse, and unknown roads where we lose ourselves, are small trials; but as thy day so shall be thy strength. We are not, nor have we been lately, much amongst our own people; but it has made little difference in the article of expense—the generous Carolinians are polite and kind, and will not take our money. Sabbath. At Winnsboro I preached to a few people. We have a pretty chapel here; John Buchannan and Jesse Harris are chiefs in this work. On Monday we came to James Jenkin’s; after six years’ rest and local usefulness he means to travel again. I have received news from the North which makes me solemn—my old friends, Jesse Hollingsworth and Peter Hoffman, are no more in time. And John Bloodgood has also gone to his reward. Tuesday, at Camden.fq118 Close application in reading and writing letters. Sinclair Capers, one of our first disciples at Wappetaw,fq119 died in great triumph; the impression occasioned by witnessing this was the cause of conversion to some persons present. I hope his son James will be a great and holy preacher. I am under the necessity of taking emetics. Wednesday, reading. Thursday, I preached in the evening. Friday, had a cold ride to Black River, where I was compelled to take to my bed again. Saturday, engaged in reading, meditation, and prayer. Very much afflicted in my bowels.

Sabbath, 16. I knew not if I could get to the new house:fq120 I went and was helped of the Lord: the house was filled, and I spoke plainly. On Monday I visited Thomas Boone: his father was the first to entertain me at the Lower Santee Ferry. We found our dinner at Henry Young’s;fq121 I was very ill. Tuesday, though ill able to ride, I set out for Camden. Wednesday, reading, writing and praying with those who visit me. Thursday, came to Columbia. Taylor, of the senate of the United States, lent his house for the session of our conference.fq122 We have pleasing letters from York, Genesee, Jersey, Maryland, Virginia, old North and South Carolinas: rich and poor coming to God. Our fund here for special relief amounts to more than we had expected. Saturday, our conference began in great order, peace, and love. Sabbath, 23. I preached, and the truth exhibited its own divine authority. Bishop M’Kendree spoke in the afternoon. We sat seven hours to business in the day, and had preaching at noon and night. Friday I was called upon to preach at the ordination of elders: my subject was Hebrews 3:12-14, and was applicable to at least one of them. Conference adjourned this evening: we have stationed about eighty preachers. Saturday came away to General Rumph’s:fq123 God has repaid this family for its kindness to the poor followers of the Lord Jesus: there are four sons and three daughters, gracious souls: two of the sons, Jacob and Christian, are preachers of the Gospel.

Sabbath, 30. I must consult prudence and stay at home to-day—it is stormy and I am sorely attacked in the viscera. On Monday we ventured away through rain and hail storms. We made about twenty miles to brother Harley’s.

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