S

being established for the benefit of the world in general. The Jewish peculiarity to receive its perfection from the Gospel. The particular honours and privileges of Christians, with an explanation of the terms by which they are expressed. Reflections on the honours and privileges of the Christian Church. All the grace of the Gospel is dispensed to us all, in, or through Christ. Irresistible conclusion from an harmonious union of all the arguments employed in the discussion of the preceding topics. General survey of the Epistle to the Romans. The three grand divisions into which the Epistle to the Romans is naturally divisible, the Preface, the Tractation, and the Peroration or Epilogue, Romans 1:1, in principio. Rome at present exhibits but a very faint image of its former magnificence, Acts 28:14. Its population in 1709; and the number of bishops, priests, monks, nuns, courtezans, Jews, and Moors, at the time of that census, ibid. Romish Church, observations relative to the doctrines of the, Romans 16:27, in fine; 2 Peter 3:16.

Romish hierarchy, amazing influence of the, in the dark ages, Revelation 13:12. Account of its two grand divisions the regular and secular clergy, ibid.

Root of bitterness, a Hebraism for a poisonous plant, Hebrews 12:15. Rough garments of the ancient prophets, some account of the, Hebrews 11:37.

Ruler of the Jews, a member of the grand Sanhedrin was usually so named, John 3:1.

Russian or Slavonic version of the New Testament, account of the, Introduction to the Gospels and Acts, p. 22.

S

Sabbath, observations on the institution of the, Matthew 12:7, 8; Mark 2:28. Rigorous observances of this day by the ancient Jews, Matthew 12:2. The coming in of the Sabbath formerly announced by the minister of the synagogue with a trumpet sounded six times from the roof of a very high house, Matthew 10:27.

Sabbath - day’s journey, what, Acts 1:12.

sabbaton deuteropwton and sabbaton deuterodeuteron,

Lightfoot’s observations on the import of these Greek phrases, Matthew 12:1. Dr. Whitby’s and Wotton’s observations, Luke 6:1.

Sacerdotal absolution, doctrine of, held among the ancient Jews as well as modern papists, Acts 18:12. A remarkable instance produced, ibid. Sacramental cup, observations on the denial of the, to the laity by the Romanists, Matthew 26:27.

Sacrifices formerly not unfrequently sent by the Gentiles to the temple at Jerusalem, John 11:20.

Sacrum Romanum Imperium, or Holy Roman Empire, origin of this appellative of the late Germanic empire, Revelation 13:1. Sadducees, some account of this famous Jewish sect, Matthew 3:7; 16:1; Acts 23:8.

Sahidic Version of the New Testament, account of the, Introduction to the Gospels and Acts, p. 21.

Sakar, rkc, according to Jerome, any inebriating liquor, Luke 1:15. Salaam, sacredness of this word of salutation among the Arabs, 2Jo 1:10. Salmis, the capital of Cyprus, afterwards called Constantia, Acts 13:5. Its present appellation, ibid.

Salome, Sammon, or Samonium, a promontory on the eastern coast of Crete; now called Cape Solomon or Salamina, Acts 27:7. Salonichi, the ancient Thessalonica, Acts 17:1. Salutations, Harmer’s observations on the manner of giving and receiving, in eastern countries, Matthew 5:47.

Salvation brought by Jesus Christ, in what it consists, Luke 1:74. Salvation FROM sin, the spirit and design of the Gospel, Romans 6:1 - 23, passim.

Samandraki, the ancient Samothracia, Acts 16:11. Samaritans, account of the, Matthew 10:5.

Sammael, Jewish fable concerning, John 12:31.

Sanctification, Scripture doctrine of, John 17:17; Acts 10:43; Romans 3:31, in fine; 2 Corinthians 7:1; 11:30; 1 Thessalonians 5:23; James 4:8.

Sandal, what, among the ancients, Mark 6:9.

Sanhedrin, account of this famous Jewish council, Matthew 5:22. Its supreme officers, Matthew 20:24.

Saphet, supposed to be the same with the ancient Bethulia, Matthew 5:14.

Sapphire, description of this precious stone, Revelation 21:19. Sarcasm, remarkable example of this figure of speech, Revelation 16:6.

Sardis, an ancient city of Asia Minor, now called Sardo and Sart, Revelation 1:11.

Sardius, description of this precious stone, Revelation 21:20. Sardonyx, account of this precious stone, Revelation 21:20. Sarepta or Zarephath, where situated, Luke 4:26. Saron, situation of this country, Acts 9:35.

Satan, delivering over to, what meant by this phrase, John 20:23; 1 Corinthians 5:5. A species of power never committed to any but the apostles, ibid.

Saul, import of his name, Acts 13:9.

Saxon or Anglo - Saxon version of Holy Writ, some account of the, Introduction to the Gospels and Acts, p. 22.

Scelus incredibile et inauditum, “an incredible and unheard of wickedness,” what so styled by Cicero, 1 Corinthians 5:1. Scorpion, a military weapon among the Romans, why so named, Revelation 9:5.

skorpiov, whence derived, according to the Greek etymologists, Luke 11:12.

Scourging, great severity of this punishment among the Romans, Matthew 27:26. The criminal was sometimes scourged to death, ibid. How the punishment of scourging was performed among the Jews, 2 Corinthians 11:24.

Scribes, who, among the Jews, Matthew 2:4. How the Greek word so translated is used in the Septuagint, ibid.

Scriptures, remarkable passage in the Talmudical Tract Shabbath relative to the study of the, John 5:39. Examination of a passage of Scripture which the Romanists allege in favour of their doctrine that the Oracles of God cannot be understood without the help of an authorized expositor, Acts 8:31. Observations on the papistical doctrine that the Holy Ghost has constituted the Romish hierarchy the only infallible interpreters of the Holy Scriptures, 2 Peter 3:16.

Scuta, see qureov.

Seal, formerly customary for a purchaser to mark his goods with a, that he might be able to distinguish and claim them if mixed with others, Ephesians 1:13.

Seal, setting of a, upon the victim, see Victim.

Seals of the Apocalypse, their import, according to Wetstein, Preface to the Revelation. Revelation 1:1. Mr. Lowman’s scheme of interpretation, Revelation 22:21, in fine.

Seamless garment of our Lord, observations concerning the, John 19:23. Description of it by Josephus, ibid.

Seasons, method of dividing the, among the Jews, John 4:35. sebastov a term usually translated Augustus, appears to be used by St. Paul as simply synonymous with basileuv or emperor, Acts 25:21. Second death, a Jewish phrase for the punishment of hell in a future life, Revelation 2:11.

Selaa, the same with the shekel, Matthew 26:15. Thirty selain, ˆy[ls, of pure silver, the standard price of a slave, according to the rabbins, ibid. Amount of this in British sterling, ibid. Seleucia of Pieria, where situated, Acts 13:4.

Seleucidae, era of the, or era of Alexander, account of the, Preface to Matthew. Matthew 1:1.

Self - love, what, in the only proper Scriptural sense of the term, Matthew 19:19.

Semiramis, account by Diodorus Siculus of the marches of this monarch into Media and Persia, Matthew 3:3.

Sepher Toledoth, hwdlwt rps, a phrase of frequent occurrence in the Jewish writings, Matthew 1:1. Its import, ibid. Septuagint version, great importance of, to every minister of the word of God, Hebrews 1:6.

Serpent, Lucan’s account of the terrible effects of the bite of a, Acts 28:6. See Boiga.

Servant, this word shown not fully to express the sense of the original, Romans 1:1.

Servus and Fur, frequently used synonymously, and why, Titus 2:10. Seven, a number of perfection or completion among the Hebrews, Matthew 12:45.

Seven Churches of Asia Minor, Rev. David Lindsay’s account of their present condition, Revelation 3:22, in fine.

Seven things created before the foundation of the world, according to the rabbins, Matthew 25:34.

Shabbath, relation in this Talmudical tract very similar to our Lord’s parable of the merchantmen seeking goodly pearls, Matthew 13:45. Shadow of death, twm lx, skia qanatou, observations on this remarkably energetic expression, which is of frequent occurrence in the sacred Scriptures, Matthew 4:16.

Shah Jehan, circumstantial description of a gold circular coin of this great Mogul prince, 2 Timothy 2:26, in fine.

Shalom, a term frequent in Hebrew salutations, its import, Matthew 10:12, 34.

Shammatha, atmv, the most dreadful of all the Jewish excommunications, 1 Corinthians 16:22. Some account of it, ibid. Shark, the original word khtiv should rather be understood of a species of this fish than of the whale, and why, Matthew 12:40. Sharp, (Granville) his remarks on the pretended supremacy of the bishop of Rome, Luke 4:44, in fine.

Shechakim, µiqjv, the third heaven, according to the rabbins, 2 Corinthians 12:2.

Sheep, an ancient custom in eastern countries for the shepherd to go at the head of his, and they to follow him from pasture to pasture, John 10:4. A circumstance of this kind witnessed by the author on the extensive downs in the western parts of England, ibid.

Shepherds of the people, poimenev laou, a title given by the ancient Greeks to sovereign princes, Matthew 2:6.

Shewbread, why probably so named, Matthew 12:4. Parkhurst’s thoughts on its typical import, ibid.

Shibta, atbv, among the rabbins, the name of an evil spirit, Matthew 15:2.

Shields, account of the different sorts of, employed by the ancients, Ephesians 6:13.

Ship, the original word thus rendered more frequently means a fishing - boat, Matthew 4:22.

Shoe of the ancients, properly only a sole tied round the foot and ankle with strings or thongs, Mark 1:7.

Shoes, putting on, taking off, and carrying the, of their masters, the work of the vilest slaves among the Jews, Greeks, and Romans, Matthew 3:11.

Shopher, rpwv, a term applied by the rabbins to the hole in the public alms - chest, Matthew 6:2.

Showing good works, or good things, a Hebraism, John 10:32. Its import, ibid.

Shrine of our lady of Loretto, supposed by the Italian papists to have been a Divine gift to their country, Acts 19:35. Sicarii, sikarioi, why assassins were so named, according to Josephus, Acts 21:38.

Signs of the approaching destruction of Jerusalem, observations on the, contained in our Lord’s prophecy to his disciples, Matthew 24:1 - 7. Sikkir, the same with the sikera of the Greeks, Luke 1:15. How made, according to the Hedaya, ibid. One of the four prohibited liquors among the East Indian Moslimans, ibid.

Silence in heaven for the space of half an hour, Sir Isaac Newton’s very beautiful explanation of this phrase, Revelation 8:3. Siloam, pool of, where situated, John 9:7. The Turks have this fountain in great veneration, ibid. Thought by Calmet to be the same with En - rogel, or Fuller’s Fountain, mentioned in the Old Testament, ibid. Simeon, Claude’s remarks on the song and prophecy of this holy man, Luke 2:52, in fine.

Simikinthia, simikintia, what, Acts 19:12.

Simon Magus, various opinions and legends concerning the heresy of this man, Acts 8:9, 24. Very remarkable various readings in the Scripture account of Simon Magus, Acts 8:10, 24.

Sin, motions of, irritated by the law, Romans 7:8, &c. Citations from Livy, Horace and Ovid, in which this evil propensity in man is acknowledged, ibid.

Sin unto death, and sin not unto death, import of these Jewish phrases, 1 John 5:16.

Singing, remarks on the use and abuse of, in the Church of God, 1 Corinthians 14:15.

Singular number, the ancient Hebrews not unfrequently substituted the plural for the, Matthew 26:8; 27:44.

Sinners. See JAmartwloi.

Sin - offering. See Jamartia.

Sitting, the general posture of the ancient Jews when commenting on the sacred Scriptures, or the traditions of the elders, Luke 4:16. Sitting at the feel of the rabbi said to be the usual posture of a Jewish scholar while listening to his instructions, Luke 10:39. This statement controverted by Vitringa, Acts 22:3.

Six hundred and sixty - six, see number of the beast.

skandalhqra, explanation of this word by Suidas, Matthew 5:29. skeuh ostrakina and skeuh keramewv, distinction between, according to Chrysostom, 2 Corinthians 4:7.

skeuov ekloghv, import of this Hebraism, Acts 9:15. skhnwpoiov, various conjectures concerning the nature of the employment intended by this term, Acts 18:3.

Slavery, among the ancients, as described by Dr. John Taylor, 1 Corinthians 7:40, in fine.

Slaves, ceremonies observed by our Saxon ancestors in the enfranchisement of slaves, 1 Corinthians 7:40, in fine. Slavonian or Russian version of the New Testament, account of the, Introduction to the Gospels and Acts, p. 22.

Sleep, common metaphor among the Jews for death, John 11:11. Probably used by them to signify their belief in the immateriality of the soul and the resurrection of the body, John 11:11. Saying of Menander respecting the beneficial effects of sleep, John 11:12. Sleep of the soul, from the moment of the death of the body till the resurrection, a doctrine which cannot be legitimately deduced from the sacred oracles, 2 Corinthians 5:6.

Smyrna, some account of this ancient city, Revelation 1:11. Its present appellation, ibid.

Social worship among Christians, thoughts respecting, Hebrews 10:25.

Socrates, remarkable passage in the last conversation of this great philosopher with his friends, 2 Peter 1:15.

Sohar Chadash, citation from, similar to our Lord’s parable of the talents, Matthew 25:15.

Solea, among the Romans, what, Mark 6:9.

Son, in the Jewish phraseology, a man who has any good or bad quality is called the son or child of that quality, Luke 10:6. A person is sometimes called the son or child of what he is doomed to, ibid. Examples of these different acceptations, ibid.

Son of David, an appellation of the Messiah among the Jews, Matthew 9:27.

Son of God, when applied to the Messiah, points out his miraculous conception in the womb of the virgin, Mark 1:1. This appellation not given to the Divine nature of Christ, but to that holy person born of the virgin by the energy of the Holy Ghost, Luke 1:36, Hebrews 1:5. Essential absurdity of the contrary doctrine, ibid.; Acts 13:33. Remarks on that passage in Mark’s Gospel which states the Son of God to have been ignorant of the time in which the Jewish polity should be destroyed by the Romans, Mark 13:33.

Song of the blessed virgin, parts into which this inimitable piece of poetry is obviously divisible, Luke 1:54.

Sons of thunder, import of this Hebraism, Mark 3:17. Sons of Zebedee, probable import of the very extraordinary petition of the mother of these apostles to our Lord, Matthew 20:21. Soothsayer, derivation and import of this word, Acts 16:16. Sorcerer, a word of French origin, Acts 8:9.

swthp, definition of this word by Mintert, Luke 2:11. ihsous and swthr nearly of the same import, John 1:17; Acts 5:28. Soul, doctrine of the materiality of the, has no place in the sacred records, Matthew 10:28; Acts 7:59.

Sound eye, ofqalmov aplouv, a very elegant and expressive metaphor employed by our Lord for that simplicity of intention and purity of affection with which the supreme good should be pursued, Matthew 6:22.

Spaces fallen through by bodies, in their descent to the earth, (no matter what their surfaces, volumes, masses, or specific gravities provided they are weighty enough not to be sensibly affected by the action of the atmosphere,) being as the squares of the times of falling, or in other words, the velocities being as the square roots of the spaces fallen through; a very plain demonstration of the attraction of the earth, Hebrews 11:40, in fine. The periodic times of the planets being in sesquialteral geometrical proportion to their mean distances from the sun, a most manifest evidence that the influence of the earth on falling bodies is precisely of the same nature with that which emanates from the sun, and retains the planets in their orbits, ibid.

spatalwsa, the meaning of this word illustrated by a remarkable passage from an epistle of Thuanus to Eubulus, 1 Timothy 5:6. Spell, derivation and import of this word, Preface to Matthew. Matthew 1:1.

sfragiv, or Seal, among the ancients, a figure cut in a stone, and that set in a ring, by which letters of credence and authority were stamped, 1 Corinthians 9:2.

Spira, according to some the same with the Roman cohort, John 18:3. The fortieth part of a legion, according to Raphelius, ibid. Spirit, existence of an immaterial and immortal, in man, demonstrated, Matthew 10:28; Luke 23:43, 46; 24:37.

Spirit of God, office of this person of the holy Trinity in the work of man’s redemption, Matthew 3:11; John 3:5. Spirits in prison, observations on this remarkable expression attributed to St. Peter, 1 Peter 3:19. Various readings of this passage in the manuscripts and versions, ibid.

splagcnizomai, Mintert’s definition of this word, Matthew 9:36. Splinter, a more proper rendering of karfov than that contained in our common English version, Matthew 7:3.

Spring Fast, or Lent, the only annual fast observed in the primitive Church, Matthew 9:15. Kept in commemoration of the time the body of our Saviour lay in the grave, ibid. Discordant opinions among ancients and moderns relative to the duration of this fast, ibid. tessarakosth and Quadragesima, the Greek and Latin names for this fast, shown to have originally meant a fast of the duration of forty HOURS, and not of forty DAYS, ibid.

Squares of the periodic times of the planets being to each other as the cubes of the semimajor axes of their orbits, or, which is the same thing, as the cubes of their mean distances from the sun, a wonderful law by which the whole solar system is governed, Hebrews 11:40, in fine. Stadium, a measure of length among the Romans, Luke 24:13. Arbuthnot’s statement of the number of yards in the stadium, ibid. Standards, different sorts of, among the ancient Romans, Revelation 12:14.

Standing, the posture of the Jews when reading either the law or prophets, Luke 4:16.

Star which guided the magi to the place of our Lord’s nativity probably a simple meteor provided for the occasion, Matthew 2:2, 9. Stars, fixed, Table of the most remarkable fixed stars from the first to the sixth magnitude, 1 Corinthians 15:58, in fine.

Stars, falling, see Falling stars.

Stater, value of this ancient piece of money, Matthew 17:27; 26:15. Stature, judicious criticism of a very learned writer on the original word thus rendered in our common version, Matthew 6:27. Steel, method of gilding, 1 Peter 1:25, in fine. stefanov akanqinov, see Crown of thorns.

Steward of the household, who, Luke 8:3. Derivation of the word steward, according to Junius, ibid.

Stibium, or Antimony, employed in Asiatic countries to the present day in staining the eyes, 1 Timothy 2:10.

Stocks, description of this ancient mode of punishment, Acts 16:24. Stoics, a very remarkable sect of ancient philosophers founded by Zeno, Acts 17:18. Why so named, ibid. Brief sketch of their doctrines, ibid. Stola, stolh, particular description of this part of the dress of the ancient Greek and Roman ladies, 1 Timothy 2:9.

Stoning, Dr. Lightfoot’s observations on the punishment of, among the Jews, Acts 7:60, in fine.

Strait Gate, Jh stenh pulh, to what our Lord probably alluded in his use of this phrase, Matthew 7:13. Observations on a very remarkable various reading of ti srenh h pulh, Matthew 7:14. Strangers, hospitality to, a duty strongly inculcated in the Scriptures, Hebrews 13:25, in fine. The heathen considered those who entertained strangers to be under the peculiar protection of Jupiter, ibid. This sentiment very beautifully and forcibly expressed in the Odyssey, ibid. Strato’s Tower, the same with Caesarea of Palestine, Acts 10:1. stratopedarchv, inquiry into the import of this word, Acts 28:16. Strymon, sacrifice of white horses to this river by the magi, Romans 9:33, in fine.

stugew implies to shiver with horror, and why, Titus 3:3. Stupifying potions usually administered by the ancients to condemned malefactors to assuage their pains, Matthew 27:34. Of what ingredients composed, according to the rabbins, ibid. Michaelis’s critical inquiry into the kind of potion offered to our Lord while hanging on the cross, ibid. Dr. Marsh’s sensible remarks upon this subject, ibid. Styx, according to the heathen mythology, the river of hell, by which, if any of the gods swore falsely, he was for a certain time expelled from their society, Titus 3:3.

Subordination to the civil powers, great political question of, discussed, Romans 13:1, 14, et in fine.

Substantive verb, a very frequent acceptation of the, in the Hebrew, Chaldee, and Chaldaeo - Syriac languages, Matthew 26:26; Revelation 5:8.

Suetovid, the god of war among the ancient Slavi, to whom a great number of prisoners were annually presented as a burnt - offering Romans 9:33, in fine. Supposed residence of this divinity, ibid. sugkatayhfizw, inquiry into the derivation and import of this word, Acts 1:26.

Suicide, a very frequent preventive of, finely expressed by one of our best poets, Hebrews 2:15.

sumfuta, Dr. Taylor’s definition of this term, Romans 1:5. Sun, standing still of the sun and moon at the command of Joshua explained agreeably to the Newtonian system of the universe, Matthew 8:26. Method by which the distance and magnitude of the sun have been ascertained, James 1:27, in fine.

Superstitio, Superstition, origin of this word according to Cicero, James 1:27. Its definition by Lactantius, ibid. Distinction between religion and superstition, ibid.

Supremacy of the bishop of Rome, observations on this papistical tenet, Luke 9:62, in fine.

Supreme Being, very remarkable invocation of the, (translated from the original Sanscrit by Dr. C. Wilkins,) still existing on a stone in a cave near the ancient city of Gya in the East Indies, Luke 1:68. Surety and Mediator, inquiry into the import of the Greek words egguov and mesithv so translated, Hebrews 7:28, in fine. Swathing of the corpse, manner of the, among the Jews, John 11:44.