S
Ruth, book of, uncertain by whom written, Preface to Ruth. {Ruth 1:1} Sum of its history, ibid.
Rutty, (Dr. John) extract from his Spiritual Diary, Introduction to the Psalms. {Psalm 1:1}
S
Saady, beautiful couplet in this poet, in which the work of total desolation is most forcibly expressed, Job 18:15.
Saba, reservoir of, description of this stupendous work of antiquity, Isaiah 1:30. By whom supposed to have been constructed, ibid. Sabbath, observations on the institution of the, Genesis 2:3. Rigorous observances of this day by the ancient Jews, Exodus 16:29. Sabbatus, Houbigant’s excellent observations on the remarkable fulfilment of the prophecy that the land of Israel should enjoy her Sabbaths in a state of desolation which the Israelites had profaned in the time of their prosperity, Leviticus 26:34.
Sabbatical year, reasons for its institution, according to Calmet, Exodus 23:11.
Sabeans, from whom descended, Genesis 25:3. In the opinion of Bruce, a distinct people from the Ethiopians, 1 Kings 10:1. Sabeism, in what this idolatrous system of religion consisted, Job 31:26.
Sabine women, account of the rape of the, Judges 21:25, in fine. Sacceans, from whom thought to have descended, Genesis 25:2. Sack, qc, a word that has passed into a great number of languages, Job 16:15.
Sackbut, why this musical instrument was probably so named, Daniel 3:5.
Sacred hieroglyphics, explanation of the, Introduction to Isaiah. {Isaiah 1:1}
Sacrifices, design of the, under the Mosaic economy, twofold, Genesis 9:20. No genuine religion could ever possibly exist without sacrifice actually offered or implied, ibid.
Sakar, rkc, the same with the date or palm wine, according to Theodoret and Chrysostom, Isaiah 5:11; 24:9.
Salaam, sacredness of this word of salutation among the Arabs. Genesis 37:4; 1 Samuel 10:4.
Salisbury, ancient city of, was not situated where the modern city of the same name now stands, Joshua 16:10, in fine.
Salonius, bishop of Vienna, account of this commentator, General Preface, p. 4.
Salsaria, salsolo, or saltwort, an extensive genus of plants, Job 30:4. Salt, an essential ingredient in all offerings, Jewish or pagan, Leviticus 2:13.
Salt, sowing a place with, a custom in different nations to express permanent desolation and abhorrence, Judges 9:45. Some examples produced, ibid.
Salt Sea, where situated, Genesis 19:25; Numbers 34:3. Salutation, various forms of, Genesis 29:6; 37:4; 43:29; 48:20; 1 Samuel 10:4.
Samaria, slight sketch of its history, 1 Kings 16:24. Its modern appellation, Isaiah 28:1.
Samaritan text, some account of the, General Preface, p. 20. Samaritan version, character of the, General Preface, p. 20. Samaritans, their present condition, according to Baron Sylvestre de Lacy, 2 Kings 17:27.
Samiel, a pestilential east wind, 1 Kings 20:43, in fine. Samson, why probably so named, Judges 13:24. Sketch of his character, Judges 16:31, in fine.
Samuel, derivation and import of the name, 1 Samuel 1:28. Sketch of the character of this prophet, 1 Samuel 25:44, in fine. Samuel, books of, very uncertain by whom written, Preface to 1 Samuel. { 1 Samuel 1:1} Calmet’s conjecture concerning, ibid. Several reasons advanced to show that the twenty - first chapter of the second book of Samuel, as it stands in the Hebrew, is in a state of great corruption, 2 Samuel 21:20, in fine.
Sanctification, Scripture doctrine of, Exodus 13:2. Sanctuary, a part of the tabernacle, why so named, Exodus 25:8. Its typical import, ibid.
Sandal tree, some account of the, Numbers 24:6. Santeer, an Egyptian instrument of music, probably the same with the psaltery, Daniel 3:5. Dr. Russel’s description of it, ibid. Sapphire, description of this precious stone, Exodus 24:10; Job 28:16; Ezekiel 1:26.
Saracens, memorable defeat of the, by the Spaniards, Ezekiel 39:9. Sarah, wife of Abraham, import of her name, Genesis 17:5. In what this name possibly differs from Sarai, ibid.
Sarbal, lbrs, rendered hat, what its real import, Daniel 3:21. Sarcasm, remarkable example of this figure of speech, Ezekiel 35:6. Sard, some account of this precious stone, Job 28:16. Sardius, description of this precious stone, Exodus 28:17. Sardonyx, account of this precious stone, Job 28:16. Sarepta or Zarephath, its present condition according to Maundrell, 1 Kings 17:9.
Saris, syrs, import of this word, Genesis 37:36. Satan, ˆcc, meaning of this word, 1 Kings 5:4; 11:14; Job 1:6, 7. Not found in the plural number in the originals of the Old and New Testaments, and the reason assigned, Job 1:6. Observations on the permission given to this great adversary to tempt man, Job 3:26, in fine.
Satellites of Jupiter, Saturn, and Herschel or the Georgium Sidus, tables of their motions, distances, &c., Genesis 1:1. Radii of the orbits of these satellites in parts of the ecliptic as seen from the earth, when their primaries are at their mean distances from, and in quartile aspect with, the sun, Genesis 1:1. See Orbit.
Saturn, periodic and sidereal revolutions, semimajor axis of orbit in English miles, mean perigeal and apogeal distances, diameter, proportional bulk, time of rotation, inclination of axis to orbit, mass, and mean hourly orbitical motion, of this primary planet, Genesis 1:1. Saul, his tragical end, with a sketch of his character, 1 Samuel 31:13. The appearance of Samuel to this king after the prophet’s death shown to have been wholly independent of the incantations of the witch of Endor, 1 Samuel 28:14.
Saul’s malady, Dr. Scheuchzer’s theory respecting, 1 Samuel 16:14. Saurin’s singular apostrophe to Louis XIV., when treating of the banishment of the Protestants from France by the revocation of the edict of Nantz, 2 Samuel 2:5.
Sauromates, from whom descended, according to Calmet, Genesis 10:3.
Scale, Ainsworth’s conjecture concerning the derivation of this word, Genesis 20:16.
Scape - goat, ceremonies concerning the, and its very expressive typical import, Leviticus 16:21.
Scaurus, (M.) valuation of his furniture which was burnt at Tusculum, Esther 3:9.
Sceptre, swearing by the, usual among the ancients, Numbers 17:8. Quotations from Homer and Virgil illustrative of the form of this oath, ibid.
Sceptre of gold worn by the ancient princes of Persia, Esther 5:2. Citation from Xenophon in illustration of this, ibid.
Scheuchzer, (Dr. 1. James) author of an elaborate work on the natural history of the Bible, General Preface, p. 9.
Sciences and arts, the late amazing and extraordinarily rapid discoveries and improvements in every department of the, shown to be not the effect of chance, but the result of a most gracious providence of God in behalf of his intelligent offspring, Exodus 28:3.
Schism in religion defined, Joshua 22:34, in fine. Schoettgenius, (Christian) author of Horae Hebraicae et Talmudicae in Universum Novum Testamentum, General Preface, p. 7.
Schultens, (Albert) a commentator on the book of Job, General Preface, p. 7.
Scinocephalus, an animal peculiarly sacred to the ancient Egyptians, 2 Kings 17:41, in fine. Of what it was reputed hieroglyphical, and for what purpose kept in their temples, ibid.
Scoffers, manner in which they turned into ridicule the warnings of God by his prophets, Isaiah 28:9.
Scorpion, a military weapon among the Romans, why so named, 1 Kings 12:11.
Scotch woman, remarkable anecdote of a, Job 34:28. Scott, (Revelation T.) author of a very useful commentary on the Scriptures, General Preface, p. 9.
Scriptures, how divided by the Jews, Zechariah 7:7. Scythians, whence they had their origin, Genesis 10:2. The Gog of Ezekiel, according to Houbigant, Ezekiel 38:2.
Seah, what this Hebrew measure contained, according to Bishop Cumberland, Genesis 23:6. See also Exodus 16:16. Sealing up transgression in a bag, what meant by this expression among the ancients, Job 14:17.
Seals, for sealing clay, frequent in the East, Job 38:13. Description of six of these seals in the author’s possession, ibid.
Seasons of the year, time of their commencement, according to the Copts, Genesis 8:22.
Sebaste, the ancient Samaria, Isaiah 28:1. Maundrell’s account of its situation, ibid.
Secondary planets, revolutions, distances, magnitudes, &c., of the, Genesis 1:1.
Sectarian marks of the ancients and moderns, some account of the, Leviticus 19:28. More largely explained, Deuteronomy 32:5; Isaiah 44:5; Ezekiel 9:4.
Sections of the law, table of the, as read in the different Jewish synagogues for every Sabbath of the year; in which are incorporated the haphtaroth or sections of the prophets, as they are appointed to be read in the synagogues of the Portuguese and Italian, and the German and Dutch Jews, Deuteronomy 34:12, in fine. To determine the order of the reading the pareshioth and haphtaroth for any given Jewish year, the following tables, inserted at the end of the notes on Deuteronomy, have been carefully constructed: - I. A perpetual table, showing, through the course of thirteen lunar cycles (which embrace every possible variation) the day of the week with which the Jewish year begins and on which the passover is held; as also the lengths of the months Marchesvan and Cisleu. The radix of this table is the rabbinical year of the world 5568, corresponding with A.D. 1807, 1808. II. A table containing the whole variations in the reading of the pareshioth for every year (embolismic and common) of the Jewish cycle of 247 years. III. and IV. Tables to determine upon what day of the week any Jewish month commences for any given year, as also the day of the week upon which the Jews celebrate their principal fasts and festivals. V. Table containing the order of reading the pareshioth and haphtaroth for ninety Jewish years, i.e., from A.M. 5572 to A.M. 5661, (both inclusive,) connected with the corresponding dates in the Christian era according to the Gregorian or New Style. VI. Table containing the year of the Jewish lunar cycle, the golden number, the first day of the Jewish passover, Easter Sunday, and the commencement of each Jewish year, according to the Gregorian calendar, from A.D. 1812 to A.D. 1900 (both inclusive.)
Secutor, among the Romans, who, Job 19:6; Micah 7:2. Sedulius Hybernicus, account of this commentator, General Preface, p. 4. Seed of the woman, an epithet applicable only to our blessed Lord, and why, Genesis 3:15.
Seedtime at Aleppo, when it begins and terminates, Amos 9:13. Seer, what intended by this word, 1 Samuel 9:9; Introduction to Isaiah. {Isaiah 1:1} The words seer and prophet not altogether synonymous, 1 Samuel 9:9.
Seething a kid in its mother’s milk, observations on this very ancient heathen custom, Exodus 23:19.
Segor, rwgs, what it imports, Job 28:16.
Selah, various conjectures respecting the meaning of this word, Psalm 3:2. Probably a nota bene, or note of attention, Psalm 3:2; 4:2, 4; 7:5; 9:16, &c.
Selavim, µywlc, rendered quails, observations of Harmer and others relative to the import of the original term, Exodus 16:13. Self - idolatry, instances of, from ancient authors, Habakkuk 1:16. Semiramis, account by Diodorus Siculus of the marches of this monarch into Media and Persia, Isaiah 40:3.
Seneca, citation of a passage from the Octavia of, very similar to a verse in the Psalms, Psalm 55:7.
Senir, where this mountain is situated, Ezekiel 27:5. Its Sidonian and Hebrew name, ibid.
Sennacherib, king of Assyria, in what manner the destruction of his immense army was probably effected, 2 Kings 19:35. Sennachies, among the ancient Celtic inhabitants, who, Numbers 21:27.
Sepharad, various conjectures respecting the place intended by this name, Obadiah 1:20.
Sepharvites, probably the same with the Saspires of Herodotus, 2 Kings 17:41, in fine.
Sepher, rps, rendered book, meaning of the original word, Genesis 5:1.
Septuagint version, great importance of, to every minister of the word of God, General Preface, p 13; Esther 10:3, in fine. When made, General Preface, p. 21; Psalm 102:15; Isaiah 66:24, in fine. Sepulchres of the ancients, account of the, Isaiah 22:16; 53:9. Sepulture, forms of among the Hebrews, 1 Samuel 31:12. Serab, derivation and import of this Arabic word, Isaiah 35:7. Sesostris, in erecting temples all over Egypt, did not employ a single Egyptian in the work, 1 Kings 9:21. This king supposed by some to have been the same with Shishak, who was contemporary with Solomon, 1 Kings 11:40.
Seven, a number of perfection or completion among the Hebrews, Exodus 29:30; Psalm 119:164; Zechariah 4:2. Seventy weeks of Daniel, Dean Prideaux’s remarks on the, Daniel 9:24, &c. Collection of various readings in the different MSS. of this very celebrated prophecy, Daniel 9:27, in fine.
Sexdigitism, examples of, in ancient and modern times, 2 Samuel 21:20. An instance of this sort known to the author, ibid. Shaal, lav, unhappily rendered borrow, what its real signification, Exodus 3:22.
Shadow on the dial of Ahaz probably brought back by means of refraction, 2 Kings 20:20, in fine. Reasons for this supposition, ibid. Shadrach, import of this name, Daniel 1:7.
Shah we Guddah, remarkable couplet in a Persian poem so entitled, Psalm 27:9.
Shaking of the nations spoken of by Haggai, observations of a correspondent relative to the, Haggai 2:23, in fine. Shalashim, µyvlv, inquiry into the import of this word, 2 Samuel 23:13, 24.
Shalom, a term frequent in Hebrew salutations, its import, Genesis 29:6; 37:4.
Shapher, the nineteenth station of the Israelites in the wilderness, Numbers 33:23.
Sharp, (Dr.) archbishop of York, singular anecdote respecting, Job 24:25, in fine.
Shaving the head, in Eastern countries, a token of a person having abandoned Christianity and turned Mohammedan, Deuteronomy 21:12.
She - bear, remarkable instance of affection in a, 2 Samuel 17:28, in fine. Observations on the destruction of forty - two persons by two she - bears in the time of Elisha, 2 Kings 2:23.
Shechem, one of the cities of refuge, import of the name, Joshua 20:7. Shechinah, what, Exodus 25:22.
Sheep at Aleppo, Dr. Russel’s account of the, Leviticus 3:9. Sheked, dqv, why the amygdalus communis, or common almond tree, was so named by the Jews, Numbers 17:8.
Shekel of the sanctuary, before the captivity, equal in weight to three hundred and twenty grains of barley, Genesis 20:16; after the captivity, to three hundred and eighty - four grains ibid. Its value according to Prideaux, Genesis 32:15; 37:28; Exodus 25:39; 30:13; 39:24.
Shem, Dr. Hales’ account of the political condition of the descendents of, Genesis 9:20. Remarkable prophecy concerning the Messiah, of whom Shem was appointed to be the lineal ancestor, ibid.
Sheol, lav, what this word imports, Numbers 16:30; Job 7:10; 24:19; Ezekiel 32:21; Hosea 13:14.
Shephatim, µycpv, its derivation and import, Leviticus 26:15. Shepherd, sentiment of a, as related by Virgil, when enraptured with the elegy which his associate had composed on their departed friend, Hosea 14:5.
Shepherd, (Miss Mary Freeman) her observations on the genealogy of Job, and the time in which he is thought to have lived, Preface to Job. {Job 1:1}
Shepherds, an abomination among the ancient Egyptians, and why, Genesis 46:34.
Shepherds of the people, poimenev laou, a title given by the ancient Greeks to sovereign princes, 2 Samuel 5:25, in fine. Sherah, daughter of Ephraim, why so named, according to the Targum, 1 Chronicles 7:24.
Sheshbazzar, probably the Chaldean name of him who was originally called Zerubbabel, Ezra 1:8. Corruption of the sacred text relative to the number of sacred vessels of the temple which were restored to Sheshbazzar, Ezra 1:11.
Shetum, µtv, falsely rendered in our English version, Numbers 24:15.
Shew - bread, why probably so named, Exodus 25:30. Observations concerning the shew - bread, Exodus 25:30.
Shiagal, howlings of the, by night most lamentable, Micah 1:8. Shibboleth, its import, and in what it differed in meaning and sound from Sibboleth, Judges 12:6.
Shibto, wcbv, his rod, the c teth in this word written large in the Masoretic Bibles, and the curious reason assigned for this circumstance, Job 9:34.
Shichor, why the Nile is so named by the Hebrews, Isaiah 23:3. Shields of beaten gold, made by Solomon, calculation of their value in British sterling, 1 Kings 10:17; 2 Chronicles 9:29, in fine. Shiggaion, ˆwygv, import of this word, Psalm 8:1, in principio. Shiloh, derivation and import of this word, Genesis 49:8 - 10. Demonstrated, when taken in connection with the context, to be applicable to Jesus Christ ALONE, who is in a very peculiar sense the SENT of God, Genesis 49:8 - 10.
Shinar, the ancient name of Babylon, Daniel 1:2. Ships of Tarshish, used metonymically for ships in general employed in carrying on traffic between distant countries, Isaiah 3:13 - 16. Shittim wood, different opinions concerning the import of the original term thus rendered, Exodus 25:5.
Shiver, this word evidently derived from the Hebrew word rbv shabar or shavar, Psalm 51:17.
Shoeing of horses with iron plates nailed to the hoof, unknown to the ancients, Isaiah 5:28. Description of the horseshoes of leather and iron sometimes mentioned by ancient writers, ibid.
Shoes, pulling off the, an emblem of laying aside the pollutions contracted by walking in the way of sin, Exodus 3:5. General agreement among Eastern nations to perform all their acts of worship barefooted, ibid. Shoes of matting, or rushes, always worn by the Egyptian priests, Ezekiel 44:17.
Shomeron, the same with Samarian, 1 Kings 13:32; 16:2. Shopher, rpwv, a species of musical instrument. Psalm 81:3. Shophetim, µycpv, a degree of civil distinction among the Hebrews, Joshua 23:2. See also the Preface to the book of Judges. {Judges 1:1}
Shoshabin or Paranymph, see Paranymph.
Shoshanim, µynvv, import of this term, Psalm 45:1, in principio. Shoterim, µyrcv, a degrees of civil distinction among the Hebrews, Joshua 23:2. In what the Shoterim differed from the Shophetim, Deuteronomy 16:18; Joshua 1:10.
Shrub we krub, a beautiful rill of water that runs into a basin of Roman workmanship, Judges 5:11. Why so named, ibid.
Shual, l[wv, rendered fox, inquiry into the precise import of the original term, Judges 15:4. Dr. Kennicott’s arguments to show that Samson’s destruction of the standing corn of the Philistines was not effected by three hundred foxes with one hundred and fifty firebrands, but by three hundred handfuls or sheaves of corn, and one hundred and fifty firebrands, ibid. Reasons for rejecting the doctor’s hypothesis, ibid.
Shuner, (Agnes) extraordinary longevity of this woman, Psalm 90:17, in fine.
Shushan - eduth, import of this term, Psalm 60:1, in principio. Sibbah, hbs, inquiry into the import of this term, 1 Kings 12:15. Sibyl, Cumean, Virgil’s description of the seat of the, Isaiah 45:17. Sidon, ˆwds, whence supposed to be derived, and its import, Proverbs 31:24. The mother city of Tyre, Isaiah 23:4.
Sikera, sikera, the same with the date or palm wine, according to Theodoret and Chrysostom, Isaiah 5:11. See Sakar. Silence, a species of reverence paid by the retinue, viziers, foreign ambassadors, &c., of an Asiatic sovereign when he goes to the mosque on any of the great festivals, Habakkuk 2:20.
Siloah, brook of, where situated, Isaiah 8:6, 7. Silver, account of the purification of, by the cupel. See Cupel. Silver cord, what to be understood by this phrase, Ecclesiastes 12:6. Simeon, import of this name, Genesis 29:33. The tribe of Simeon generally believed among the Jews to have been schoolmasters to the other tribes, Genesis 49:7.
Simoom, or smoom, account of this very destructive Eastern wind, Genesis 41:6; Deuteronomy 28:22.
Simple, whence this word is derived, Proverbs 1:4. Striking contrast between its ancient and modern acceptation, ibid.
Sin, import of this word, Judges 20:16; 1 Samuel 17:40; Job 5:24. Doctrine that there is no total deliverance from sin in this life stated and refuted, 1 Kings 8:46.
Sin, wilderness of, the seventh station of the Israelites in the wilderness, where situated, Numbers 33:11.
Sinai, whence this name is probably derived, Exodus 3:1. Sinai, wilderness of, the eleventh station of the Israelites in the wilderness, where probably situated, Numbers 33:15.
Sincere, derivation and import of the term, Genesis 17:1; Philippians 1:10.
Sistrum of Egypt, description of the, Isaiah 18:1. This musical instrument given in a medal of Adrian as the proper attribute of Egypt, ibid. In shape somewhat like the ancient lyre, ibid.
Sitting, common manner of, in Eastern countries, Isaiah 52:2. Account of the Asiatic mode of sitting in state, ibid.
Sitting on the ground, a token of sorrow among the ancients, Genesis 33:3; Job 1:20; 2:13; Isaiah 3:26.
Skins of the sacrifices appertained to the priests among both Jews and Gentiles, Leviticus 7:8. The heathen priests lay upon them in their temples in hope to have future things revealed to them in their dreams, ibid. This superstition prevails to the present day in the Highlands of Scotland, ibid.
Slaves employed in the Brazils to search for particles of gold and diamonds; and by a law of the state, he who finds a diamond of a given number of carats obtains his liberty, Proverbs 1:4. Slave trade, remarks on this odious traffic, Leviticus 22:10; Habakkuk 2:12.
Sleep of the soul, from the moment of the death of the body till the resurrection, a doctrine which cannot be legitimately deduced from the sacred oracles, Job 14:12.
Sling, a very ancient warlike instrument, Judges 20:16. The inhabitants of Majorca and Minorca the most famous slingers of antiquity, ibid. Observations respecting the velocity of the ball projected from the sling, ibid. From what distance, according to Vegetius, expert slingers could in general hit the mark, ibid. Description of the sling that was in use among the Greeks and Hebrews, 1 Samuel 17:40. Quotation from Diodorus Siculus to show the great destructiveness of the missiles discharged by skilful hands from the slings, 1 Samuel 17:49.
Slot or track of the hart, observations on the, Psalm 17:15, in fine. Sloth, passage from the celebrated fable of, by Prodicus, describing the transparent garments of the ancients, Isaiah 3:23. Sluggard, remarks on Solomon’s very beautiful and instructive parable of the, Proverbs 24:30, et seq.
Smiting upon the thigh, a usual sign of deep affliction, Jeremiah 31:19. Two quotations from the Iliad in illustration of this, ibid. Ezekiel 21:12.
Smoom, see Simoom.
Snare or toils, account of the, among the ancients, Isaiah 24:17, 18. Snow, general definition of, Job 37:6. Mode of its formation, ibid. Appearance of a flake of snow, as seen through a magnifying glass, ibid. To what the whiteness and lightness of snow are owing, ibid. The immediate cause of the formation of snow not well understood, ibid. Snow an especial blessing of Providence in northern countries, ibid. Snow houses in use in the East, Proverbs 25:13. Snow water, supposed by the ancients to have a more detergent quality than common water, Job 9:30.
Soap, what known at present by this name probably unknown to the ancients, Malachi 3:2.
Sofas of the Asiatics, account of the, Isaiah 52:2. Solar light, how much it exceeds that of the full moon, Genesis 1:14. Dr. Herschel’s very probable hypothesis that the solar light, abstractedly considered, is not the cause of heat, but that heat is the result of the action of the rays of light upon the atmosphere, Genesis 1:16. Solar system, general view of the, Genesis 1:1; Psalm 8:3. Solomon, son of David, the commencement of the reign of this monarch inauspicious, 1 Kings 3:1. His marriage of Pharaoh’s daughter shown to have been a direct violation of the law of God, ibid. His decision of the ease brought before him by the two tavern - keepers a proof of his sound wisdom, penetration, and acquaintance with human nature, 1 Kings 3:25. Great extent of Solomon’s kingdom, 1 Kings 4:21. In what the great wisdom of Solomon consisted, 1 Kings 4:29 - 33. Reasons advanced to show that this king was probably the writer of the book of Job, Preface to Job. The Iliad of Homer supposed by some to have been the work of Solomon, ibid. Solomon’s dreadful apostacy, 1 Kings 11:1, &c. Sketch of his reign and character, 1 Kings 11:43, in fine. Solomon’s throne, curious account of the, extracted from a Persian manuscript, 2 Chronicles 9:29, in fine.
Solon, law of, excluding natural children from the paternal inheritance, Genesis 25:6. His law respecting lost property, Leviticus 6:3. Sommerhill, (Mrs.) remarkable longevity of this woman, Psalm 90:17, in fine.
Son, among the Jews, was the title of a disciple or scholar, Proverbs 1:8.
Son of man, import of this phrase when applied to a created being, Ezekiel 1:3; when applied to our Lord Jesus Christ, ibid. Song of Deborah and Barak, Kennicott’s and Hales’ observations on the, Judges 5:28, in fine. Their versions of it in collateral columns, ibid. Song of Moses, celebrating the discomfiture of the Egyptian host, and the miraculous passage of the Israelites through the Red Sea, the earliest specimen of epic poetry extant, Exodus 15:1. Observations on the song which Moses composed a short time before his death. Deuteronomy 32:52, in fine.
Song of Solomon, various opinions respecting this composition, Introduction to Solomon’s Song. {Song of Solomon 1:1} Harmer’s view of the design of the Canticles, ibid. Considered by some as a regular drama, ibid. Dr. Mason Good considered the Canticles as a collection of sacred idyls, twelve in number, ibid. Scheme of the idyls, according to this celebrated critic, ibid. See Canticles.
Songs, sacred and profane, in great repute from very remote antiquity, Exodus 15:1; Deuteronomy 31:19. The record of things of great importance, and of common concern, whether in verse or prose, generally sung by the ancients, Deuteronomy 31:19.
Sophocles, passage in the Antigone of, very similar to one in the book of Psalms, Psalm 121:4.
Sophonites, a people mentioned by Ptolemy, whence they probably had their name, Deuteronomy 1:1.
Sophronia, anecdote concerning, as given by Tasso in the Gerusalemme Liberata, Joshua 2:24, in fine.
Sorek, valley of, where situated, Isaiah 5:2. The vine of Sorek known to the Israelites. ibid.
Soul, doctrine of the materiality of the, has no place in the sacred records, Job 14:12.
Sound, how produced, Job 37:4. Its rate of travelling ibid., Job 38:26.
Sovereigns of Persia, their affectation of the highest degrees of majesty, and even of Divine honours, Esther 4:11.
Sparks, criticisms on the Hebrew words thus rendered, Job 5:7. Spears in very ancient times used by kings instead of diadems, and consecrated to the gods, 1 Samuel 18:11; 26:12. Speech of ghosts, probable origin of the popular notion that this was a weak, stridulous, almost inarticulate sort of sound, Isaiah 29:4. Spinal marrow, or medulla oblongata, the silver cord of Scripture, Ecclesiastes 12:6.
Spirit, existence of an immaterial and immortal, in man, demonstrated, 1 Kings 17:22.
Spirits, remarks on the evocation of, 1 Samuel 28:11, 25, et in fine. Spitting in any one’s presence, a high offence among the Medes and Persians, Isaiah 50:6.
Spitting upon the ground, in speaking of any one’s actions, an expression throughout the East of the utmost detestation, ibid.
Spoils won in battles, customary among most people to dedicate a portion of these to the divinities to whom their successes have been attributed, 1 Chronicles 26:27.
Sponde, spondh, why this Greek word means both a covenant and a libation, Isaiah 30:1.
Stacte, account of this gum, Exodus 30:34.
Stag, incredible longevity attributed to some of these animals, Job 39:1. Remarkable inscription on a collar which was upon the neck of one taken by Charles VI. in the forest of Senlis, ibid.
Standing before the Lord, meaning of this phrase, Joshua 20:9. Star, the supposition that Balaam’s prophecy of a star to arise out of Jacob has a reference to the supernatural meteor which guided the magi to the place of our Lord’s nativity, highly improbable, Numbers 24:19. Stars, (fixed) with very great probability supposed to be suns, similar to that which occupies the lower focus of our system, Genesis 1:16. Dr. Herschel’s very ingenious theory concerning the fixed stars, ibid. Number of stars that can be seen with the naked eye in both hemispheres, Deuteronomy 1:10. Reflections upon the inconceivable multitude of stars scattered throughout the vast immensity of space, Deuteronomy 10:14.
Stars in their courses fighting against Sisera, what probably meant by this phrase, Judges 5:20.
stefanoforoi why the priests and priestesses among the ancient Greeks were so named, Exodus 39:30.
sterewma, the Septuagint translation of the Hebrew word [yqr rakia, shown not to contain the sense of the sacred text, Genesis 1:6. Stibium or antimony, employed in Asiatic countries to the present day in staining the eyes, 2 Kings 9:30; Isaiah 3:16; Jeremiah 4:30. Waring’s account of this custom among the Persians, 2 Kings 9:30. The Romans used stibium for the same purpose, according to Cyprian, ibid.
Stiff neck, Bruce’s remarks on the ancient custom to which the original thus rendered is supposed to have an allusion, Psalm 75:5. stigmata, of the ancients, what, Leviticus 19:23. Stile, construction of the, with which the ancients wrote on boards thinly spread over with wax, 2 Kings 21:13.
Stomachs of the ox, description of the, and their particular uses, Leviticus 11:3.
Stone which Jacob set up for a pillar, foolish tradition - concerning, Genesis 28:18. Stone by which a Jewish criminal was stoned to death, why buried with him in the same grave, Isaiah 14:19. Stones which Joshua set up as a memorial of the passage of the Israelites through the Jordan, Dr. Kennicott’s remarks concerning the, Joshua 4:9.
Stoning, Dr. Lightfoot’s observations on the punishment of, among the Jews, Zechariah 12:3.
stwpura, why the few persons who are said to have survived the deluge of Deucalion are so named, 2 Samuel 14:7.
Stories in the heavens, observations on this remarkable expression, Amos 9:6.
Storm, Virgil’s description of the, that dispersed the fleet of AEneas, Psalm 107:26, 43, et in fine.
Strabo, or Walfridus Strabus, account of this commentator, General Preface, p. 4.
Straw, various conjectures concerning the use of, in making brick, Exodus 5:7.
Street, derivation of the word, Job 23:11. Some account of the four grand Roman or British streets or roads which intersected this kingdom, ibid.
Stripping a man of his gown, the form of degradation from ecclesiastical offices among Roman Catholics and others, Numbers 20:26. Substantive verb, a very frequent acceptation of the, in the Hebrew, Chaldee, and Chaldaeo - Syriac languages, Genesis 40:12. Succoth, whence this place was probably so named, Exodus 12:37; Numbers 33:5; Joshua 13:27. The first station of the children of Israel after their departure from Egypt, Numbers 33:5. Succoth - benoth, an object of idolatry among the Babylonians, 2 Kings 17:30, 41, et in fine. Conjectures respecting the meaning of the name, ibid. Very probably the same with the Melitta of Herodotus, ibid. Suffetes, the chief magistrates of the Carthaginians were so called, and why, Amos 2:3.
Sukkiims, the same with the Troglodytes, 2 Chronicles 12:3. Sulphur, uses of, natural and superstitious, according to Pliny, Ovid, and Servius, Job 18:15.
Sultan, conjecture respecting the origin of this word, Genesis 42:6. Summer parlour of Ehud, observations concerning the, Judges 3:20. Sun, its amazing magnitude, telescopic appearance, &c., Genesis 1:16; Psalm 8:3. An object of idolatrous worship among heathen nations, Exodus 12:51, in fine; Judges 8:21. Form used by the Egyptian priests in addressing the sun on behalf of a deceased person, that he might be admitted into the society of the gods, according to Porphyry, ibid. Standing still of the sun and moon at the command of Joshua explained agreeably to the Newtonian system of the universe, Joshua 10:11. Perigeal and apogeal distances, relative volume, time of rotation, and mass or attractive power, of this great luminary of day, Genesis 1:1. Sundials, general observations on the invention and construction of, 2 Kings 20:20, in fine.
Supernatural directions and assistances, so frequent in ancient times, why not communicated now, 2 Samuel 5:25, in fine. Suphah, hps, a Hebrew word in which sense and sound are well expressed, Proverbs 1:27.
Supper, why named caena by the Romans, according to Plutarch, Job 31:17.