1790

1790. No appointment for preaching. We are bound to the South, and shall proceed on as fast as we can.

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We were refreshed in the evening. Next day (Sabbath) I preached at Chickahominyfs1 church once more: sinners, Pharisees, backsliders, hypocrites, and believers, were faithfully warned; and of all these characters there were, doubtless, a goodly number in the large congregation which attended. Brother Philip Bruce went to Brown’s, and brother Whatcoat and myself to Weldon’s; at both these places the Lord was powerfully present in our meetings.

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We crossed James River,fs2 with a fresh wind ahead, and only two poor blacks, where four ferrymen are necessary. Two brigs under sail came down full upon us, and we had hard work to get out of their way. These large ferries are dangerous and expensive: our ferriages alone have cost us f3 since we left Annapolis.

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Rested, and next day preached at brother Mooring’s. I felt some power among the people; but the glory is measurably departed; the imprudent haste of the young people to marry unbelievers, and divisions excited by other causes, have done much injury.

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Was an ameliorating time at Ellis’s church. The next day at Lane’s, I had many people, although it rained; I felt comfortable in speaking to them.

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Was a cold time in a cold house at brother Moss’s. I felt unwell, and much dejected at the situation of the people, whom I found divided about the merits of a certain character, once a preacher among the Methodists, but now disowned, and striving to make a party; this man, and the disputes for and against slavery, have been hurtful.

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Came to Jones’s church, and was much lifted up in spirit.

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I had many to hear at Mabry’s.

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From Mabry’s we came to Brunswick quarterly meeting,

where there was a considerable quickening, and manifestation of the Lord’s power. We had a good meeting at Roanoke chapel;fs3 I rejoiced that the society had increased to more than a hundred souls.

I received a letter from the presiding elder of this district, James O’Kelly;fs4 he makes heavy complaints of my power, and bids me stop for one year, or he must use his influence against me. Power! power! there is not a vote given in a conference in which the presiding elder has not greatly the advantage of me; all the influence I am to gain over a company of young men in a district must be done in three weeks; the greater part of them, perhaps, are seen by me only at conference, whilst the presiding elder has had them with him all the year, and has the greatest opportunity of gaining influence; this advantage may be abused; let the bishops look to it: but who has the power to lay an embargo on me, and to make of none effect the decision of all the conferences of the union?

NORTH CAROLINA

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Crossed Roanoke, and was met by several preachers at sister Pegram’s, where the Lord was with us.fs5

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I had a long ride to Roger Jones’s:fs6 we had a good season at the sacrament; several spoke powerfully of the justifying and sanctifying grace of God. A hundred souls have been brought to God: thus the barren wilderness begins to smile. I found it a time to speak from Isaiah 52:1. We had to ride sixteen miles; and here, O what my spirit felt! It is a day of very small and feeble things, and but little union among the people. I found it needful to enforce that prayer: “O Lord, revive thy work!” One poor black fell to the ground and praised God.

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I had some freedom in preaching at Bruce’s; but I fear there is too much vanity and Antinomian leaven amongst them to permit much good to be done.

Rode to Thomas Tomlinson’s; but here they made no appointment. At Merritt’s chapel, on New Hope Creek, Chatham county, I enforced, “How shall I give thee up, Ephraim?”—there was some feeling among them; but they are not a united people.fs7

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I rode to the widow Sarah Snipe’s,fs8 twenty miles, and

preached on Isaiah 45:22; then crossed Haw River, and came to M— —’s, about two hours in the night, where I found a congregation waiting, to whom I spoke on, “I am not ashamed of the Gospel of Christ,” &c.; the people were tender.

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Came to William Rainey’s,fs9 in Orange county, to a quarterly meeting, where seven of our preachers met together: the first day the people were dull; the second, our congregation was large; my subject was, “We will give ourselves to prayer and the ministry of the word.” I ordained Thomas Andersonfs10 to the office of an elder. We rode through a heavy rain sixteen miles to our friend Gerald Burr’s;fs11 here they have built us a complete house of the heart of oak. Proceeded twelve miles to Rocky River, and preached at William M’Master’s chapel;fs12 afterward we had a night meeting and upon the whole I believe we were speaking about four hours, besides nearly two spent in prayer. We came to our friend Key’s,fs13 and were kindly entertained. Thence we went to Mr. William Bell’s,fs14 on Deep River, and were received in the kindest manner; before I left the house, I felt persuaded that that family would come to experience the power of religion.

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We had to make our way through a dreary path, and rode

about fifty miles; we were favoured by only getting a sprinkling of rain, which became very heavy after we were housed at Thomas Chiels’s,fs15 about eleven o’clock. Rode to Doctor Miles King’s,fs16 twenty-five miles, and performed the funeral rites of Captain Clark,fs17 who was sick when I was here last year. I then prayed for him, and felt as if his sickness was unto death: now, I preached his funeral sermon; my text was, “It is appointed unto men once to die,” &c. I felt some enlargement in speaking, and a few people appeared to be moved.

I have read an account of the wonderful revolution in France; may the good of Protestantism and the glory of God be advanced by it! Since we crossed Roanoke River, we have passed through Warren, Granville, Wake, Chatham, Orange, Randolph, and Richmond counties. in North Carolina.

After passing Hedge Cock creek, I preached at Night’s chapel, on, “My grace is sufficient for thee:” there was some quickening, and I was blest. It is no small exercise to ride twenty miles, or more, as we frequently do, before twelve o’clock; taking all kinds of food, and lodging, and weather too, as it comes, whether it be good or bad.

I saw the hand of the Lord in preserving my life and limbs when my horse made an uncommon start and sprung some yards with me; it was with difficulty I kept the saddle.fs18

SOUTH CAROLINA

We had a severe day’s ride; and called at the Beauty Spot:fs19 the beauty here has somewhat faded; the society is disjointed, and in a poor state. We made it a fifty miles’ ride, or thereabouts, to Pryor’s.fs20

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There were some signs of remaining life seen under preaching, and a little spirit and feeling in the love feast. I felt great enlargement on, “How shall I give thee up, Ephraim?” &c. I found it heavy work.

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Brother Whatcoat preached at the Grove;fs21 John

Ellis and myself spoke after him, and there were gracious signs of tenderness among the people. An elderly Baptist preacher attended, whose heart the Lord touched, and he acknowledged the power of the Most High to be present. We lodged at old friend Jones’s,fs22 having ridden twenty-five miles; we were weary and hungry, having breakfasted on tea at eight o’clock, and taken nothing more till six o’clock at night. Lord, help me to bear all things without murmuring or disputing!

At Flower’sfs23 there was a living stir: one soul found peace; and I had freedom in preaching.

After riding fifteen miles to Sweet’s meeting house,fs24 on a cold day, we had about a dozen people: of these few, some were drunk, and began to laugh and trifle round the house. After three exhortations and prayers, we came to Port’s ferry, and had to cross in the night, and wade the low places.

Came to sister ——, and had a comfortable table spread before us, which, to us, who had ridden thirty miles through heavy rain, without eating or drinking, was almost necessary. I think our kind hostess has several of the marks St. Paul gives of a widow indeed.fs25

I have lately read Thomson’s Seasons, containing upwards of two hundred pages. I find a little wheat and a great deal of chaff: I have read great authors, so called, and wondered where they found their finery of words and phrases; much of this might be pilfered from the “Seasons,” without injury to the real merit of the work; and doubtless it has been plucked by literary robbers; and my wonder may cease.

My own soul has peace; but I feel a death amongst the people. I hope the Lord will come and visit them in power; if they do not turn to God, I expect they will be cut off, and that soon.

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Rode to Georgetown;fs26 and on the Sabbath, brother Whatcoat preached on, “In all places where I record my name, I will come in to thee, and I will bless thee.”fs27

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I gave them a close and serious address on rightly dividing the word of truth.

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Came to Wappetaw,fs28 and preached on 1 John 4:16, 17.

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Came to Charleston.fs29 Here I received good news from

Baltimore and New York: about two hundred souls have been brought to God within a few weeks. I have been closely occupied in writing to Europe and to different parts of this continent. We feel a little quickening here: brother Whatcoat preaches every night.

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The preachers are coming into the conference. I have felt fresh springs of desire in my soul for a revival of religion. O may the work be general! It is a happy thing to be united as is our society. The happy news of the revival of the work of God flies from one part of the continent to the other, and all partake of the joy.

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I preached twice.fs30 Next day (Monday) our conference began. Our business was conducted in great peace and love. The business of the council came before usfs31; and it was determined that the concerns of the college, and the printing, should be left with the council to act decisively upon; but that no new canons should be made, nor the old altered, without the consent of the conference; and that whatever was done on this head, should come in the shape of advice only. We had some quickening seasons, and living meetings. Several young people come under awakenings.

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I preached on, “If thou take forth the precious from the vile, thou shalt be as my mouth.” It was a searching season: several spoke and prayed; and we had noise enough. The evening before an extract of sundry letters from New York and Baltimore was read in the congregation, at which saints and sinners were affected. But we have not a sufficient breastwork. Our friends are too mute and fearful, and many of the outdoors people are violent and wicked. I have had a busy, trying time for about nine days past; and I have hopes that some hundreds in the city will be converted by this time next year. Our conference resolved on establishing Sunday schools for poor children, white and black.fs32

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We rode to Edisto. At Gueham’sfs33 I preached on the “Great salvation.” There appeared to be attention, and some were affected.

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Was a dry time at Linder’s.fs34 Brother Whatcoat preached. I was very unwell with a headache.

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We had a better season at Cattle Creek,fs35 on Malachi 3:1. May God arise to help these people, and revive and work mightily for and amongst them!

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We had a heavy ride to Burton’s.fs36 It was still more so when we came to preaching. Poor souls! the Antinomian leaven brings forth death here. Some appeared hardened; others, nevertheless, appeared a little melted. May God help these people! I was unwell—could eat but little. I was not at home. I felt as if God had departed from this house, and was miserable until I left it.

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We rode to Rigdall’s.fs37 Here we found people of another spirit. We had a large congregation—but very blind, deaf, and dumb. O Lord! can these dry bones live? I spoke very close, but to little purpose. May the Lord help, and stand by the poor preachers who labour on this side Edisto!

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At Chester’s, and next day at David Pucket’sfs38 there was a small stir. Some here have been awakened; but they lean to Calvinism, and the love of strong drink carries almost all away. My spirit was bowed down amongst them. I spoke a little, and so did brother Whatcoat. We appointed a night meeting. There came only two men, and they were drunk.

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There came about a dozen people to hear us at Treadwell’s,fs39 to whom brother Whatcoat preached on the “works of the flesh,” and the “fruits of the Spirit.”

After riding thirty miles through heavy sands, we came to Doctor Fuller’s.fs40 I am strongly inclined to think I am done with this road and people. They pass for Christians—a prophet of strong drink might suit them. I was clear in not receiving anything without paying for it.

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Rode to Campbelltown, and stopped at brother William

Guyin’s.fs41 Since Friday, the 19th, we have ridden about one hundred and sixty miles.

I have been under various trials and exercises, and have some dejected hours. This also shall tend to my humiliation, and work for my good.

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I preached on 1 Timothy 1:15. I had a very still and unfeeling congregation. The inhabitants of this little town (Campbelltown) seem to be sober and industrious; but even here I found some drunkards. GEORGIA

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We crossed at Augusta, in Georgia, and rode to Sandy Creek church. I had some enlargement on Luke 4:18, 19. Thence we proceeded to Briar Creek.fs42

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I preached in an old church, near Waynesborough; at Thomas Wyche’s,fs43 in the evening; and next day at Golphin’s, Old Town.fs44 The house was open, and the day cold.

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I preached with liberty in a new church, near Fenn’s bridge.fs45 We have been exercised in public night and day; frequently we have not more than six hours’ sleep; our horses are weary, and the houses are so crowded, that at night our rest is much disturbed. Jesus is not always in our dwellings; and where he is not, a pole cabin is not very agreeable. Provisions for man and horse we have plenty of. Our journeys are about thirty miles, day by day; but under all these trails I enjoy peace and patience, and have much of the love of God.

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We had a crowded congregation at Harvey’s.fs46 Brother Whatcoat attempted to preach, but soon concluded. We lodged with brother Scott, above the forks of Ogeeche.fs47 My mind has been much tried under so much bodily fatigue.

I went to view four hundred acres of land, and found it not suitably situated for a seminary of learning.fs48 Came to Star’s; a cold place, and cold congregation there.

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Our conference began at Grant’s. We had preaching every day, and there were some quickenings amongst the people. Our business was conducted in peace and unanimity. The deficiencies of the preachers, who receive a salary of sixty-four dollars per annum from this conference, amounted to seventy-four pounds for the last year.

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We had a rainy day, yet a full house, and a living love feast. Some souls were converted, and others professed sanctification. I had some opening in speaking from Ezekiel 2:7. We have a prospect of obtaining a hundred acres of land for every one hundred pounds we can raise and pay, for the support of Wesley and Whitefield school. On Monday we rode out to view three hundred acres of land offered for the above purpose. My soul has been much tried since conference began. I must strive to keep from rising too high, or sinking too low.

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We set out on our journey, and came to the new chapel at Bibb’s Cross Roads.fs49 I preached with some life and liberty, and ordained brother Bennet Maxeyfs50 to the office of deacon. I spent the evening at brother Isaac Herbert’s, where lie interred the remains of dear brother Major. I was told that a poor sinner was struck with conviction at his grave, and thought he heard the voice of God calling him to repentance. I was also told of a woman who sent for brother Andrewfs51 to preach her funeral sermon while living. She was blest under the word, and died in peace.

SOUTH CAROLINA

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We were kindly entertained at Patrick Calhoun’s;fs52 and next day, after riding twenty-two miles to Porter’s,fs53 we had an evening meeting, and were happy with a few living souls. The Presbyterians are very kind, giving us freely whatever is needful for man and horse. I have great consolations, and severe trials.

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We had some stir, especially amongst the young people, at the widow Bowman’s, on Reedy River.fs54

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Rode to Moore’s;fs55 and finding brother Ellis was to be at C——’s,fs56 we hasted to see him, and rode twenty miles, crossing Enoree River, near the slaughter ground, where a battle was fought in the last war.

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Preached to a quiet people, and had a small stir. We had a meeting in the evening at Brother Smith’s.

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I feel myself unwell with a sick and nervous headache, which returns once a month, and sometimes oftener. We have travelled about six hundred miles in about three weeks, besides the time taken up in conference. Thou, Lord, wilt have mercy, and save both man and beast! I expect Providence brought us this way, to pity and to help the people. Dear brother and sister Smithfs57 are unspeakably kind. NORTH CAROLINA

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Rode about twenty-two miles. Stopped at Colossians William Graham’s,fs58 dripping wet with rain. He received us, poor strangers, with great kindness, and treated us hospitably. We had awful thunder, wind, and rain. I was still unwell with a complaint that terminated the life of my grandfather Asbury, whose name I bear; perhaps it will also be my end. We were weather-bound until Monday morning, the 29th of March. For several days I have been very sick and serious. I have been enabled to look into eternity with some pleasure. I could give up the church, the college, and schools; nevertheless, there was one drawback—What will my enemies and mistaken friends say? Why, that he hath offended the Lord, and he hath taken him away. In the afternoon I felt somewhat better. Brother Whatcoat preached a most excellent sermon on, “The kingdom of God is not in word but in power”—not in sentiments or forms, but in the convincing, converting, regenerating, sanctifying power of God. I am making close application to my Bible. Reading the Prophets at my leisure whilst on my journey, I met with a pious Baptist. Glory to God for what religion there is still to be found amongst all sects and denominations of people!

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Rode to Gilbert Town, and preached at Holland’sfs59 with some freedom, but was very unwell in the afternoon.

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Rode about fifty miles through Rutherford and Burke

counties: it is a day of small things here.

Crossed Catawba River at Greenlee’s ford, and came to our good friend White’s,fs60 on John’s River, about eight o’clock at night. When I set off in the morning it seemed as if I should faint by the way, I was so ill with a mixed internal complaint to which I am subject. We arrived in the very nick of time, Friday being a very rainy day, and there being no necessity that day to ride. I feel happy in the prospect of death and rest; yet I am willing to labour and to suffer the Lord’s leisure.

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Quarterly meeting began. Brother Whatcoat and myself both preached, and there was a reviving among both white and black; and I trust some souls were blessed.

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Was a serious day; none were admitted to our private meetings but members: many spoke, and most felt the power of God. We then hasted to the Globe chapel, where the people met, but had not patience to wait: we had a rough road, and John’s River to cross twenty times. I was desired to preach sister Eliza Biggerstaff’sfs61 funeral. She was formerly a Presbyterian; then a Methodist; and last of all a Christian; and there is good hope that she died in the Lord. I was resolved to fulfil her desire, and preached on 1 Corinthians 15:56, 57, to about eight souls.

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We made an early move. After worming the stream for a while, we took through the Laurel Hill, and had to scale the mountains, which in some places were rising like the roof of a house. We came to the head of Watauga River; a most neglected place. Here the people have had their corn destroyed by frost, and many of them have moved away. It was thus we found it in Tyger’s Valley. We passed by W——’s, a poor lodging, and slept at the Beaver Dam in a cabin without a cover, except what a few boards supplied: we had very heavy thunder and lightning, and most hideous yelling of wolves around; with rain, which is frequent in the mountains.fs62

TENNESSEE

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We were compelled to ride through the rain, and crossed the Stone Mountain: those who wish to know how rough it is may tread in our path. What made it worse to me was, that while I was looking to see what was become of our guide, I was carded off with full force against a tree that hung across the road some distance from the ground, and my head received a very great jar, which, however, was lessened by my having on a hat that was strong in the crown. We came on to the dismal place called Roan’s Creek, which was pretty full. Here we took a good breakfast on our tea, bacon, and bread. Reaching Watauga, we had to swim our horses, and ourselves to cross in a canoe; up the Iron Mountain we ascended, where we had many a seat to rest, and many a weary step to climb. At length we came to Andrew Greer’s,fs63 and halted for the night.

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We reached William Nelson’s chapelfs64 about one o’clock,

after riding about eighteen miles.fs65 Now it is that we must prepare for danger, in going through the wilderness.fs66 I received a faithful letter from brother Poythress in Kentucky, encouraging me to come. This letter I think well deserving of publication. I found the poor preachers indifferently clad, with emancipated bodies, and subject to hard fare; yet I hope they are rich in faith.

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fs67 After receiving great kindness from dear sister Nelson, we came on to brother Bell’s, who wrought for us, gratis, what we wanted in shoeing our horses.fs68 Thence we went on to brother Gott’s, and to brother P——’s; and thence, groping through the woods, to brother Easley’s; depending on the fidelity of the Kentucky people, hastening them, and being unwilling they should wait a moment for me. We crossed Holston at Smith’s ferry,fs69 and rode thirty miles to Amis’s,fs70 where we were well entertained for our money. Coming along, I complained that the people would take no pay for their food or services; that complaint has ceased. Very unwell as I was we pushed down Holston to the last house; here we had no hope of company from the eastern or western side. We turned out our horses to graze, and they strayed off; so here we are anchored indeed.fs71

The unsettled state of my stomach and bowels makes labour and life a burden. We are now in a house in which a man was killed by the savages; and O, poor creatures! they are but one remove from savages themselves. I consider myself in danger; but my God will keep me whilst thousands pray for me.

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My soul is humbled before God, waiting to see the solution of this dark providence. The man of the house is gone after some horses supposed to be stolen by Indians. I have been near fainting; but my soul is revived again, and my bodily strength somewhat renewed. If these difficulties, which appear to impede my path, are designed to prevent my going to Kentucky, I hope to know shortly. I spent the Sabbath at Robert Bean’s.fs72 In the evening a company of eleven came to go forward. Our horses were not to be found without a great sum.

Monday morning, 12. We loaded brother Thomas Anderson’s little horse with my great bags, and two pair smaller; four saddles, with blankets and provender. We then set out and walked ten miles, and our horses were brought to us, and those who brought them were pleased to take what we pleased to give. Brother Jeremiah Abelfs73 sought the Lord by fasting and prayer, and had a strong impression that it was the will of God that I should not go with that company.

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We came back to Amis’s—a poor sinner. He was highly

offended that we prayed so loud in his house. He is a distiller of whisky, and boasts of gaining f300 per annum by the brewing of his poison. We talked very plainly; and I told him that it was of necessity, and not of choice, we were there; that I feared the face of no man. He said, he did not desire me to trouble myself about his soul. Perhaps the greatest offence was given by my speaking against distilling and slave holding. Having now been upon expenses from Friday until this day, for four horses and three men, I judged it high time to move.

VIRGINIA

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We rode fifty miles; and next day preached at Owens’s.fs74

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We rode on with great violence, which made me feel very serious.fs75

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Brother Whatcoat preached at General Russell’s,fs76 on the birth, character, and office of John the Baptist.

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I resolved on taking a proper dose of Tartar emetic; this has wrought me well, and I hope for better health.

From December 14, 1789, to April 20, 1790, we compute to have travelled two thousand five hundred and seventy-eight miles. Hitherto hath the Lord helped. Glory! glory to our God!

We had a good prayer meeting at General Russell’s. This family is lavish in attentions and kindness: I was nursed as an only child by the good man and woman of the house, and indeed by all the family. God Almighty bless them and reward them!

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We had a lively prayer meeting at Keywood’s.fs77 Come, Lord, like thunder, and break in upon these dear young people!

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We had a very lively prayer meeting and exhortation.fs78 We trust the Lord will do something for these people before we leave the rich Holston Valley: I feel for their state; they are settled, and dwindling. I have been happy in my own soul, and have gained bodily strength. Two weeks are now spent, one in waiting on the Kentucky business, and one, illness has prevented my improving, except that it has furnished time to publish my appointments on Clinch and Nolachucky.

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Many attended a prayer meeting at John M’Henry’s,fs79 but there was little life.

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Preached at General Russell’sfs80 on Ezekiel 33:11. I saw, I felt, I knew that some of my congregation were touched.

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We rode through the Poor Valley,fs81 calling on F——, who had been sick and frightened with convictions and the fear of death; we prayed, fed our horses, and rode on to Clinch River.fs82

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We had a house well crowded,fs83 but there was but little stir among them. I felt for these dear souls, and judged that Providence was about to open a way for a circuit to be formed here in Russell county,fs84 for one preacher.

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I preached at brother Beckel’s,fs85 a frontier house, and a station. In time past, a person was killed here by the Indians. The people showed their zeal in purchasing two magazines and several hymn books. Some say, nothing but whisky will bring money; but I proved the contrary, and I give them credit. We have had cold weather, and severe frosts for two nights past.

We had a dreary ride down to the Ford of Clinch, through a solitary plain: many attended at Looney’s.

We rode down to Joseph Blackmore’s station:fs86 here the people have been forted on the north side of Clinch. Poor Blackmore has had a son and daughter killed by the Indians. They are of opinion here, that the Cherokees were the authors of this mischief: I also received an account of two families having been killed, and of one female that was taken prisoner, and afterward retaken by the neighbours and brought back.

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Crossed Clinch about two miles below the fort. In passing along I saw the precipice from which Blackmore’s unhappy son leaped into the river after receiving the stroke of a tomahawk in his head; I suppose, by the measure of my eye, it must be between fifty and sixty feet descent; his companion was shot dead upon the spot; this happened on the 6th of April, 1789.

We came a dreary road over rocks, ridges, hills, stones, and streams, along a blind, tortuous path, to Moccasin Gap and Creek;fs87 thence to Smith’s ferry across the north branch of Holston. Here I found some lies had been told on me; feeling myself innocent, I was not moved.

TENNESSEE

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Rested. Next day (Sabbath) I preached to a hardened people.

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I preached at brother Payne’s, and had some encouragement among our Maryland people. Sabbath night, I dreamed the guard from Kentucky came for me; and mentioned it to brother Whatcoat. In the morning I retired to a small stream, for meditation and prayer, and whilst there saw two men come over the hills: I felt a presumption that they were Kentucky men, and so they proved to be; they were Peter Massie and John Clark, who were coming for me, with the intelligence that they had left eight men below: after reading the letters and asking counsel of God, I consented to go with them.fs88

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We prepared ourselves and horses for our journey, and the next day came once more to Amis’s.

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Came to Joseph Crabbe’s, at the lower end of the Grassy Valley, and were occupied in collecting our company. VIRGINIA

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We formed the whole of our company at the Valley station;fs89 besides brother Whatcoat and myself, we were sixteen men, having thirteen guns only. We moved on very swiftly, considering the roughness of the way, travelling, by my computation, thirty-five miles to-day.fs90 KENTUCKY

Next day we reached Rich Land Creek,fs91 and encamped on the road about nine o’clock at night, having made, by computation, forty-five miles.

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We travelled about fifty miles; and next day forty-five miles, and reached Madison court house,fs92 passing the branches of Rock Castle River: on our journey we saw the rock whence the river derives its name;fs93 it is amazing and curious, with appearances the most artificial I have ever seen—it is not unlike an old church or castle in Europe. We stopped at McGuire’s,fs94 whose wife, now a tender, gracious soul, was taken prisoner by the Indians during the last war, and carried to Detroit.

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Crossed Kentucky River. I was strangely outdone for want of sleep, having been greatly deprived of it in my journey through the wilderness; which is like being at sea, in some respects, and in others worse. Our way is over mountains, steep hills, deep rivers, and muddy creeks; a thick growth of reeds for miles together; and no inhabitants but wild beasts and savage men. Sometimes, before I am aware, my ideas would be leading me to be looking out ahead for a fence; and I would, without reflection, try to recollect the houses we should have lodged at in the wilderness. I slept about an hour the first night, and about two the last; we ate no regular meal; our bread grew short, and I was much spent. I saw the graves of the slain—twenty-four in one camp.fs95 I learn that they had set no guard, and that they were up late playing at cards. A poor woman of the company had dreamed three times that the Indians had surprised and killed them all; she urged her husband to entreat the people to set a guard, but they only abused him, and cursed him for his pains. As the poor woman was relating her last dream the Indians came upon the camp; she and her husband sprung away, one east, the other west, and escaped. She afterwards came back and witnessed the carnage. These poor sinners appeared to be ripe for destruction. I received an account of the death of another wicked wretch who was shot through the heart, although he had vaunted, with horrid oaths, that no Creek Indian could kill him. These are some of the melancholy accidents to which the country is subject for the present; as to the land, it is the richest body of fertile soil I have ever beheld.

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I preached for the first time at Reynolds’s,fs96 on Jeremiah 1, 4, 5, and the Lord was with me.

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Being court time, I preached in a dwelling house at

Lexington,fs97 and not without some feeling. The Methodists do but little here—others lead the way. After dinner I rode about five miles in company with poor Charles White.fs98 Ah! how many times have I eaten at this man’s table, in New York!—and now, he is without property and without grace. When about to part, I asked him if he loved God: his soul was in his eyes; he burst into tears, and could scarcely speak—”he did not love God, but he desired it.”

Our conference was held at brother Masterson’s,fs99 a very comfortable house, and kind people. We went through our business in great love and harmony. I ordained Wilson Lee, Thomas Williamson, and Barnabas M’Henry, elders.fs100 We had preaching noon and night, and souls were converted, and the fallen restored. My soul has been blessed among these people, and I am exceedingly pleased with them. I would not, for the worth of all the place, have been prevented in this visit, having no doubt but that it will be for the good of the present rising generation. It is true, such exertions of mind and body are trying; but I am supported under it: if souls are saved, it is enough. Brother Poythressfs101 is much alive to God. We fixed a plan for a school, and called it Bethel; and obtained a subscription of upwards of three hundred pounds, in land and money, towards its establishment.fs102

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Rode to Coleman’s chapel,fs103 about ten miles from

Lexington, and preached to an unengaged people. We thence rode to John Lewis’s,fs104 on the bend of Kentucky River. Lewis is an old acquaintance, from Leesburg, Virginia; I was pleased to find that heaven and religion were not lost sight of in this family. Brother Lewis offered me one hundred acres of land for Bethel, on a good spot for building materials. We rode through mire and rain twenty-one miles to Francis Clark’s,fs105 near Danville, where we had a numerous congregation.

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We had a noble shout at Brown’s,fs106 and four souls

professed to be converted to God. Reached the Crab Orchard, and lodged under a tree,fs107 very feverish and unwell; a poor beginning this.

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We set out on our return through the wilderness with a large and helpless company; we had about fifty people, twenty of whom were armed, and five of whom might have stood fire. To preserve order and harmony, we had articles drawn up for, and signed by, our company, and I arranged the people for travelling according to the regulations agreed upon. Some disaffected gentlemen, who would neither sign nor come under discipline, had yet the impudence to murmur when left behind. The first night we lodged some miles behind the Hazel patch.fs108 The next day we discovered signs of Indians, and some thought they heard voices; we therefore thought it best to travel on, and did not encamp until three o’clock, halting on the east side of Cumberland River. We had gnats enough. We had an alarm, but it turned out to be a false alarm. A young gentleman, a Mr. Alexander, behaved exceedingly well; but his tender frame was not adequate to the fatigue to be endured, and he had well-nigh fainted on the road to Cumberland Gap. Brother Peter Massie was captain; and finding I had gained authority among the people, I acted somewhat in the capacity of an adjutant and quartermaster among them. At the foot of the mountain the company separated; the greater part went on with me to Powell’s River; here we slept on the earth, and next day made the Grassy Valley. Several of the company, who were not Methodists, expressed their high approbation of our conduct, and most affectionately invited us to their houses. The journeys of each day were as follows: Monday forty-five miles; Tuesday fifty miles; Wednesday sixty miles.

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By riding late we reached Capt. Amis’s where I had a bed to rest on.

VIRGINIA

Friday, Saturday, and Sunday, 28, 29, 30. I spent at General Russell’sfs109 whose wife is converted since I left the house last; I thought then that she was not far from the kingdom of God.

I found myself dispirited in public preaching. I afterward ordained I. Raganfs110 and B. Vanpelt,fs111 local preachers, to the office of deacons.

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Rode to New River,fs112 forty-five or fifty miles; here I saw John Tunnell, very low; a mere shadow; but very humble and patient under his affliction.fs113

NORTH CAROLINA

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I rode about forty-five miles to Armstrong’s, and next

day about four o’clock reached M’Knights on the Yadkin River, in North Carolina;fs114 here the conference had been waiting for me nearly two weeks: we rejoiced together, and my brethren received me as one brought from the jaws of death. Our business was much matured, the critical concern of the council understood, and the plan, with its amendments, adopted.

Saturday and Sunday, 5, 6. Were days of the Lord’s presence and power— several were converted. We had an ordination each day. We have admitted into full connection some steady men, with dispositions and talents for the work.fs115

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Rode through Salem Town; the Moravian brethren have the blessing of the nether springs, and houses, orchards, mills, stores, mechanics’ shops, &c. I rode about three hundred miles to Kentucky in six days; and on my return about five hundred miles in nine days. O what exertions for man and horse!fs116

VIRGINIA

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Came forty-five miles to John Cannon’s,fs117 and next day thirty miles to sister Jones’s.fs118

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Rode to brother Isaac Johnson’s,fs119 and next day late in the evening reached Petersburg.fs120

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I preached on Psalms 85:6Psalm 85:6. I was weak and unwell with excessive labour and want of rest.

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Our conference began; all was peace until the council was mentioned. The young men appeared to be entirely under the influence of the elders, and turned it out of doors. I was weary, and felt but little freedom to speak on the subject. This business is to be explained to every preacher; and then it must be carried through the conferences twenty-four times, that is, through all the conferences for two years. We had some little quickenings, but no great move among the people at our public preaching. Mr. Jarratt preached for us; friends at first are friends again at last.fs121 There were four elders and seventeen deacons ordained; ten young men who offered to travel, besides those who remained on trial. We have good news from a far country—Jersey flames with religion; some hundreds are converted. The work of God does revive here, although not in the same degree as it did two years ago. In the midst of all my labour and trouble I enjoy peace within.

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Ended my week of business. I am crowded with letters— have much reading and writing, and the temporal concerns of the college, and the printing to attend to.

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I spoke melting words on Hosea 11:8; many felt; one found peace with God. In the afternoon, I believe the power of God was felt in the hearts of some of my congregation. I did not wonder that there was not a greater work of religion in this place, when I learned that they were sometimes three or four weeks without preaching; thus Satan tries to keep preachers and people asunder—yet some cry out, “We have no faith for Petersburg!” My dear old friend and fellow-traveller, Whatcoat, is smitten with boils, so that he cannot go on. Stopped at brother Garrettson’s.fs122

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We had the Divine presence in our worship at sister

Stringer’s.fs123 I am often blessed at the houses of the fatherless and widows. Now, I say to my body, return to thy labour; to my soul return to thy rest, and pure delight in reading, meditation, and prayer, and solitude. The shady groves are witness to my retired and sweetest hours: to sit and melt, and bow alone before the Lord, whilst the melody of the birds warbles from tree to tree—how delightful!

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The Lord was with us at Finney’s church; and God’s dear children praised his name, whilst sinners felt and looked serious.

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I preached at Paine’s, an ancient, and almost wornout

place. At Ryall’s, the next day, I was quite unwell; and what made the matter worse, was, that I imprudently walked out, and sat upon the ground, and took fresh cold. From Ryall’s I proceeded to the old court house,fs124 where I spoke with great pain—from head to foot was pain, all perspiration appeared to be quite stopped. I lodged at Thomas Jones’s—a whole family snatched as brands from the burning.

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I was so unwell that I could not preach at Pride’s church.

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Rode to brother Strong’s, where, as there were many who had come expecting to hear me, I made a feeble attempt in the woods, on 2 Thessalonians 1:5-9; my head was greatly afflicted. Monday morning, 28. I took a strong decoction of rue and wormwood. My fever breaks, and I feel a little better. I found perfect patience in great misery of body. Lord, make me perfect through suffering.

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I had a few Christians and a few sinners at the widow Lackland’s; and there was a small reviving among the people. The leaven of Antinomianism prevails here, and the Methodists talk much about persons and opinions, when they should be looking to God.

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I am very weak and low in body. Lord, sanctify affliction, and make it a means of health to my soul! Brother Whatcoat preached on, “He that believeth shall not make haste.” I have felt grieved in mind that there is a link broken out of twelve that should form a chain of union: I hope God will sanctify some providence to the explanation of this matter, and heal the whole.

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Brother Whatcoat gave us a weighty discourse on the

prophetic, priestly, and kingly offices of Christ. In great weakness, I enlarged on 1 Peter 3:15, and showed that it is not enough to sanctify the Lord God in his name, word, Sabbath, ordinances, ministers, people, and worship; but that the heart must be filled with a holy, constant fear of, confidence in, and love to, God. But how common is it for different denominations to ask each other of their distinguishing peculiarities; and how very rare it is for them to talk closely of the dealings of God with their own souls!

As we rode on, there was a great appearance of immediate rain; I prayed that it might pass, fearing its effects in my very weak state; I was mercifully preserved, a few drops fell on me only, and I found, as I proceeded, that it had rained very heavily ahead.

We had a few unfeeling souls at Swiney’s:fs125 one man appeared to be hardened to an extraordinary degree; I thought I felt his spirit as soon as I came.

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I preached in a school house, near brother Robert Moseley’s,fs126 with some enlargement, but, I fear, to little purpose: one woman appeared to be under conviction.

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I had a painful ride of twenty-five, or thirty miles, to brother Caloway’s.fs127

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My mind was afflicted, and my body weak. I was led to speak on, “Be ye also ready,”—and some felt the word.

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I was set at liberty, and there was a little shaking and breathing after God, while I opened and explained, “And there is none calleth upon thy name, that stirreth up himself to take hold of thee.” Afterward I rode to brother John Murphy’s.fs128 I felt very weak, but patiently happy in God.

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We had some move at Ayer’s church; brother Whatcoat was much led out in exhortation and prayer. I spent the afternoon in reading and spiritual exercises.

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We rode to Liberty,fs129 the county town of Bedford. We set out towards Botetourt, and reached brother Mitchell’s about ten o’clock the next day, and found some zeal amongst the people. Next day at Edward Mitchell’s,fs130 on Craig’s Creek, one soul found the Lord.

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We had a tedious, tiresome journey over hills and mountains to Potts’ Creek. After a melting season at brother Joseph Carpenter’s,fs131 we came to brother James Wright’s,fs132 where we were informed of the death of dear brother John Tunnell.

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Brother Tunnell’s corpse was brought to Dew’s chapel.fs133 I preached his funeral: my text, “For me to live is Christ, and to die is gain.” We were much blessed, and the power of God was eminently present. It is fourteen years since brother Tunnell first knew the Lord; and he has spoken about thirteen years, and travelled through eight of the thirteen States: few men, as public ministers, were better known or more beloved. He was a simple-hearted, artless, childlike man: for his opportunities, he was a man of good learning; had a large fund of Scripture knowledge, was a good historian, a sensible, improving preacher, a most affectionate friend, and a great saint; he had been wasting and declining in strength and health for eight years past, and for the last twelve months sinking into consumption. I am humbled. O, let my soul be admonished to be more devoted to God!

WEST VIRGINIA

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The morning was rainy. About noon I set out for the Sweet Springs,fs134 and preached on 1 Corinthians 1:23-29. A few of the gentry were kind enough to come and hear—and some were enraptured with the sermon; for—it was very like the subject. The three following days I rested, and was very unwell. I had no place to preach, but under the trees, and preaching here seems unseasonable with the people except on Sundays.

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Rode to Rehoboth,fs135 where brother Whatcoat preached, and brother Jeremiah Abel and myself spoke after him, and the people appeared somewhat affected.

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We had twenty miles to Green Brier court house:—here some sat as critics and judges. We had to ride thirty-one miles without food for man or horse, and to call at three houses before we could get water fit to drink—all this may serve to try our faith or patience.

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Some very pointed things were delivered relative to parents and children, from Genesis 18:19. After being in public exercises from ten till two o’clock, we rode in the afternoon twenty miles to the little levels of Green Brier. On my way I premeditated the sending of a preacher to a newly-settled place in the Kenhaway county.fs136

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We had a warm sermon at M’Neil’s, at which many were highly offended; but I trust their false peace is broken. There are many bears in this part of the country; not long since, a child in this neighbourhood was killed by one.

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Rode to Thomas Drinnon’s, whose wife was killed, and his son taken prisoner by the Indians.

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I believe I never before travelled such a path as I this day rode over the mountains to reach Mr. Charles Nelson’s, in Tyger Valley.

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I preached at Wilson’s.fs137 Here many careless people do not hear a sermon more than once in one or two years; this one of them told me; and that he and his wife had not been to preaching since I was here on my last visit. I endeavoured to apply, “My people are destroyed for lack of knowledge.”

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My horse lost a shoe on a bad road, and next day on the mountains dropped two more; so I rode my old baggage horse along a most dreary, grown-up path, to brother James Coburn’s.

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Attended quarterly meeting at Morgantown—I spoke on superstition, idolatry, unconditional election, and reprobation, Antinomianism, Universalism, and Deism.

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Preached on Matthew 25:31, to the end; brother Whatcoat also gave us a sermon; and a Presbyterian minister two: so here we had it in abundance.fs138

PENNSYLVANIA

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Preached at Thomas Batting’s;fs139 and the next day at John Hudson’s.fs140 Our conference began at Uniontownfs141 on Wednesday the twenty-eighth of July:—it was conducted in peace and love. On Thursday I preached.

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I spoke on education, from Proverbs 22:6. I was led to enlarge on the obligations of parents to their children; and the nature of that religious education which would be most likely to fit them for this, and which alone could qualify them for the next world.

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I ordained Charles Conway, Isaac Love, and George

Callahan, elders, and four deacons.fs142 Here there is a revival among preachers and people; some of the societies are much engaged with God and after we have had a few more conferences in Uniontown, I hope we shall drive Satan out, and have a glorious work.

MARYLAND

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Rode to Colonel Barratt’s, and next day came to Cresap’s, where I rested the following day, and was employed in reading, meditation, and prayer. I had very solemn thoughts of God and his work. I want a closer walk with God; and to be more alone, and in prayer.

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We had Divine breathings at the chapel.

WEST VIRGINIA

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We held a quarterly meeting at the widow Coulson’s. There was much rain; we had many people, and but little room. These circumstances rendered the meeting in some respects uncomfortable; yet, I trust, it was profitable. Many souls felt the Divine power, among whom were some poor backsliders.

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I had an attentive, well-behaved congregation at Squire Vanmeter’s. O that they may feel the truth and effects of godliness on earth, and in heaven!

At Doctor Naves’s, formerly Hyder’s, I applied, “O Ephraim, how shall I give thee up?” I felt a vast weight upon my spirits for these people.

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We had about forty miles to ride to Green’s,fs143 and

Brock’s Gap, over a severe mountain to cross. The weather was extremely warm. I viewed and pitied the case of the people on the south fork of the south branch of the Potomac: they are Germans, and have no preaching in their own language, and English preaching is taken from them—none careth for them. I am of opinion, that if a preacher would come and continue amongst them for one year, riding up and down the river, preaching from house to house, it would answer a very good purpose. VIRGINIA

Came to brother Baker’s, a pious German, well settled on a branch of Shenandoah River. I had an attentive congregation of his countrymen. Saturday and Sunday, 14, 15. I preached at Rockingham,fs144 where there is the beginning of a good work. We have a church built on a hill, that cannot be hid. People came as far as thirty miles to preaching; and some found the Lord during my stay. We have some very respectable friends here.

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We had a crowd of people at Bethel, who appeared very insensible. Rode on to Miller’s Town, properly Woodstock. Here I was permitted to preach in the Episcopal church. Many attended, and behaved well, and I had light and liberty in speaking.

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We had twenty-two miles to Newtown.fs145 Here they have built a spacious chapel. Our horses are stiff, and lame, and sore, and the weather is oppressively warm. We have many sick, hungry, weary rides through the heat, and over hills, rocks, and mountains. Saturday and Sunday, 21, 22. We held our quarterly meeting at Newtown. Many felt the power of God—particularly at the love feast. Some were of opinion that twenty were converted.

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We had a melting time while I opened these words: “Neither is there salvation in any other,” &c. I feel a persuasion that these people will come home to God. One was deeply distressed under preaching. I rode about an hour after night, in order to reach brother Donaldson’s, by which I found I had taken cold.

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Our conference began at Leesburg; and we continued

together until the Sabbath following: and had a happy time of peace and union.

To conciliate the minds of our brethren in the south district of Virginia, who are restless about the council, I wrote their leader a letter, informing him, “that I would take my seat in council as another member”; and, in that point, at least, waive the claims of episcopacy; yea, I would lie down and be trodden upon, rather than knowingly injure one soul.fs146 MARYLAND

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Preached at the Sugar Loaf mountain with great freedom, on: “For Zion’s sake I will not hold my peace,” and found the work of God had been greatly furthered. Here I preached sixteen years ago.

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I had a blessed season at Pigman’s church, where the Lord hath wrought wonders.

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There was an appearance of good at John Holland’s;fs147 and the work goes on there.

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At the widow Hood’s, I put them in mind of my first labours amongst them from house to house, and some sinners felt and shook. Next day at Rowe’s there was a shaking.

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At night I preached in Baltimore: “O Ephraim! how shall I give thee up?”

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Our conference began;fs148 was conducted in great peace and union, and ended on Wednesday, 8.

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I rode to Cokesbury.

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In the morning philosophical lectures were delivered; and in the afternoon the boys delivered their orations, some parts of which were exceptionable, and duly noticed.

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We made some regulations relative to the order and government to be observed in the college.fs149

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I preached in the college hall, on Matthew 25:31, to forty, six scholars. Brothers Dickins and C—— spoke after me. DELAWARE

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Set out, and next day reached Duck Creek Cross Roads,

where we held our conference for the Eastern shore of Maryland and Delaware.fs150 One or two of our brethren felt the Virginia fire about the question of the council, but all things came into order, and the council obtained. While in session I preached twice; first, on Joshua 3:5, and the second time, on <19D706>Psalm 137:6. We had a solemn, uniting, melting season, and great power attended our last meeting.

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At noon I set out for Philadelphia; but my saddle horse being lame, I was compelled to ride my old horse, which is only fit to carry my baggage.

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Dined with brother John Bond, and came on to Wilmington. Whilst preaching we had Satan inside and outside of the house,fs151 and through the windows. I believe good was done, at which he was not well pleased.

A daughter of my old friend, Stedham,fs152 had not forgotten me. She invited me, with much affection, to her house. She remembered the living and dying monitions of her father, and was mindful of his friends. PENNSYLVANIA

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I reached the city of Philadelphia. Our brethren have built a new chapel, thirty feet square, at the south end of the city.fs153 I feel myself fatigued and unwell, occasioned by riding a rough-going horse.

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This day was spent in reading, writing, and visiting.

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The conference began in poor Pennsylvania district: all was peace and love. Our printing is in a good state.fs154 Our society in the city of Philadelphia are generally poor: perhaps it is well; when men become rich, they sometimes forget that they are Methodists. I am weak, and have been busy, and am not animated by the hope of doing good here. I have therefore been silent the whole week. “I must needs go through Samaria.”

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There was some feeling, and profitable speaking. We also had a love feast. Next day, Saturday, I was closely employed in writing.

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Many felt and wept, whilst I enlarged on “The Lord is in his holy temple.” At the new chapel, called Ebenezer, in the afternoon, my subject was 1 Samuel 7:12. I first explained the text; then showed the Methodist doctrine and discipline, and the work God had wrought by them in this country.

NEW JERSEY

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Rode to Burlington, the place appointed for our next

conference. Here I preached on, “Searching Jerusalem with candles,” and it was a searching season. On Tuesday night we had a shout—then came the bulls of Basham and broke our windows. It was well my head escaped the violence of these wicked sinners. I hope the strong power of Satan will feel a shake this conference. The session has been in great peace; harmony prevailed, and the council has been unanimously adopted.

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We have a love feast; and a genuine, sweet melting ran

through the house. S. Strattan stood up and declared he had followed the work of God for six months, and that he believed six hundred souls had professed conversion in that time. There is a most genuine work in several places; viz. in Flanders, Trenton, Burlington, Salem, and Bethel circuits— glory to our wonder-working God! All hail, eternal Father, coequal Son, and everlasting Spirit, in time and forever! Amen, and Amen!!! I delivered a discourse on <19C206>Psalm 122:6. On Friday I rode through Cross Weeks, and Allentown, and Cranbury, lodging at Doctor Jacques’s.fs155

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As we could not reach New York, I stopped and

gave them a discourse at Elizabethtown. We afterward had a safe, although a long passage, by water to New York;fs156 and found all in peace. NEW YORK

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I preached at the old church;fs157 and in the afternoon at the new, on Matthew 25:31-46. The new church is commodious, elegant, yet plain.fs158

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We began our conference,fs159 and sat with close application to business until Thursday morning: all was peace, order, and unanimity. On Thursday evening I returned to Elizabethtown.

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Rode twenty-five miles to Trenton, and preached at night. Next day I rode through a heavy rain to Philadelphia.

PENNSYLVANIA

Sunday morning, 10, was rainy. I however preached at St. George’s church, and again in the evening. Henry Willis is come hither to settle himself in life, and will probably go into trade. The Church has thereby lost, in part, a faithful servant.

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I left the city; dined at Chester; and here I saw one whose soul was made dear to me by long acquaintance, now feeble in body, and deeply affected in mind.fs160

DELAWARE

Reached New Castle, in Delaware, and once more preached there, and had a few serious hearers.

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I did not reach Dickinson’s in time; however, I spoke a little. I found sister Dickinsonfs161 wrapped in clay, whom I left sick about three weeks ago: she has been an attentive, devoted woman, has washed the saints’ feet, and kindly served the dear servants of God; and I trust her soul is now in peace. I spoke a little at Duck Creek Cross Roads, where nearly thirty members have been added to the society since last conference.

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We had a gracious love feast, and a very powerful meeting; many bore a living testimony; there was great life and shouting among the people of God. In the evening I rode to brother White’s.

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At Thomas White’s my soul has been made to feel very

solemn: a view of the remarkable work of God; the death of some, and the deep spirituality of others; the sending out young men for the ministry; and the providing for the fatherless and widows; these are all weighty matters, and greatly occupied my mind. In the midst of all my soul panteth after God.

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We rode twenty miles to Milford quarterly meeting. They have ceiled the chapel, and put the galleries in order; and what is still better, there were many living souls among them.

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At the love feast many spoke of the dealings of God with their souls. I once more visited B. Williams, and felt my soul powerfully drawn out towards the children. The people are alive; but I fear they are not as much engaged as they were this time last year.

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Came once more to sister Sharkley’s;fs162 now my dear old friend is gone, perhaps the Gospel must go out of the house: I trust the dear woman is gone to heaven. I then visited the fatherless and the widow (sister Abbitt:) I felt sweet peace, and a solemn sense of the presence of God.

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Came to Lewiston. There being no preaching appointed, we rode to the light-house:fs163 I could but praise God that the house was kept by people who praise and love him; no drinking or swearing here. Brother Hargus is a Christian and a preacher; and God has owned his labours. An Irish vessel had been cast away with three hundred souls on board, all of whom perished but about forty: I asked him concerning it, and I learned that they were within sight of land; and that if they had timely thrown themselves into the sea, they were nigh enough the land to have been washed ashore, so that many more would have probably been saved. So much for a drunken captain, who threw these precious lives away. Brother Hargus told me that he did not go near the wreck until after his return from Lewistown, with a guard; that it was reported some of the crew were as ready to plunder the goods on board as others: stricter laws are now made; and the people on this shore are greatly reformed; for which they may thank the Methodists. We have a chapel built at Lewistown; and we had an agreeable Sabbath day. The people, however, have their prejudices. Mr. Wilson,fs164 a minister of thirty or forty years’ standing, has gone (since I was here last) to give an account of his stewardship, as we must all shortly do.

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I preached at the Sound chapel. Brother Joseph Everett then spoke of the sin of unbelief as the chief sin that keeps people from the blessings of the Gospel. We administered the sacrament, and in the afternoon rode to Buckingham.fs165 I rejoiced in the account brother William Powell gave me of the state of religion at the Sound: he said that the Lord had owned and blest their prayer meetings; that he thought one hundred souls had been affected and shaken, and perhaps eighteen or twenty converted in the space of eighteen or twenty months; that brother Arthur Williams, a local deacon, was in the spirit of the work—formerly he pleased all with his smooth speaking, but that now they cry out against him.

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I felt glad in my soul, notwithstanding brother Jesse Lee is on forbidden ground;fs166 and, in spite of prejudice and Antinomianism, that souls are awakened by his ministry. I feel myself under some temptation; but I fight and conquer in the strength of Christ.

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I finished reading the second volume of the Arminian

Magazine.fs167 Notwithstanding its defects, I am persuaded it is one of the best and cheapest books in America: the life of Mr. John Fletcher, the tracts, letters, and sermons are good; the poetry might be better. VIRGINIA

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I feel the weakness and infirmities of flesh and blood, having ridden seventy miles the two last days. At the quarterly meeting, at Garrettson’s, I was unwell, but felt Divine assistance in my preaching.

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We had a powerful love feast; and I believe it would have been more so had God’s dear children had time to speak. We had a vast crowd of people. Brother Thomas Foster preached first, and I after him: I had a solemn sense of God, and sinners were serious.

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Preached at Accomack court house, on Romans 1:16Romans

1:16. We had a weighty season. A poor man, who had lately professed religion, appeared to be somewhat distracted: he has been a vile sinner but I hope he will recover his right mind: the family is subject to derangement. There are some unreasonable things among the people here; but we are afraid of gathering out the tares, lest we should root up the wheat also. We must continue to observe the order of God and our own discipline; attend to preaching, prayer, class meeting, and love feast: and then, if they will shout, why let them shout.

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I preached on education, from “Come, ye children, hearken to me; I will teach you the fear of the Lord.” The word was felt by the parents.

MARYLAND

After preaching I rode to Littleton Long’s.fs168 This neighbourhood is supplied with preaching by the Episcopalians, Presbyterians, Baptists and Methodists. All is well, if the people are saved.

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We had but few hearers, and an uncomfortable time, at our quarterly meeting in the Annamessex chapel. Next day we had a full house, and I preached on education; my text, “Train up a child in the way he should go, and when he is old he will not depart from it.” After meeting we rode eighteen miles without our dinner, which, with the disagreeable weather, made me sick. Rode twenty-five miles to Broad Creek quarterly meeting, and preached on Matthew 10:37, 38; and the next day on Hosea 6:4—it was a searching time. We came off, and found the wind blowing fiercely; but when we had entered the boat, we had a sudden calm: if this were not an answer to prayer, it was as I prayed. I reproved myself for a sudden and violent laugh at the relation of a man’s having given an old Negro woman her liberty because she had too much religion for him.

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We held a quarterly meeting in Dorset, in a new, unfinished house.fs169

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We had a gracious love feast; and I addressed parents very seriously, on Deuteronomy 6:6-7. I lodged with brother Henry Ennalls, who, with his wife, has been powerfully brought to God; his slaves were freed immediately. His sister, Nancy Bassett,fs170 has gone to rest: the other two have followed the example of a dear brother; God has heard their prayers.fs171

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I came to Frazier’s chapel: my spirits were very low; and I felt that there was death amongst the people.

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Our love feast was living and powerful. I have seen a

wonder of grace in Capt. B——: this has been the wish of my heart, the desire of my soul, and the answer to prayer; for which I am thankful to God.

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I preached at Bolingbroke to a full house, on Ephraim’s mixing himself among the people.

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We had a gracious season at the love feast. In the evening I came to Allen’s.fs172 The next day, being rainy, we had about one hundred hearers at Tuckahoe Chapel; whereas, we expected that, had it been a clear day, we should have five or six hundred. I preached in the evening at Choptank Bridge to a few people.

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I see the wonders of grace; and have had severe conflicts: my soul is more and more established in God; but so many persons and things occupy my time, that I have not as much leisure and opportunity for prayer and communion with God, and for drinking into the Holy Spirit of life and love as I could wish. We had a seasonable time at brother Thomas White’s: I was very pointed on 2 Peter 2:9. Perhaps I have spoken my last admonition to some who were present.

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Rode to Dover, Delaware; and next day we had quarterly meeting at Dudley’s chapel.

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At Duck Creek Cross Roads a spirit of prayer prevails amongst the people, and God is with them.

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At Cecil quarterly meeting, held at Dickinson’s, we had many people, and some life. On Monday I rode to Dr. Clayton’s;fs173 and next day to Cokesbury, where I continued until Monday the 29th. We then examined the students relatively to learning and religion, paid debts, and put matters in better order. We have forty-five boys. The charitable subscriptions to the establishment amount to f300 per annum.

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The council was seated in Philip Rogers’s chamber in

Baltimore.fs174 After some explanation, we all agreed that we had a right to manage the temporal concerns of the Church and college decisively; and to recommend to the conferences, for ratification, whatever we judged might be advantageous to the spiritual well-being of the whole body. For the sake of union, we declined sending out any recommendatory propositions: we had great peace and union in all our labours. What we have done, the minutes will show.

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I preached a funeral discourse on the death of Mrs. Murray,fs175 on 1 Corinthians 15:29-31: it was, I hope, not altogether in vain. In the afternoon I preached in Mr. Otterbein’s church. I have kept no journal during the sitting of the council: I enjoy peace of soul, but such a variety of persons and subjects agitates my poor mind. Lord, keep me in perfect peace!

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The council rose after advising a loan of f1,000, payable in two years, for Cokesbury; and giving directions for proper books to be printed.

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I left Baltimore, and reached my old friend, Shadrach Turner’s: the girls, who were babes when I first visited this house, are now grown up, and, I trust, possess religion.

VIRGINIA

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We rode through heavy rain to Alexandria, in Virginia.

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I preached morning and evening; but the streets being muddy, and but few friends attending from the country, we had a thin congregation.

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We set out for Stafford. The weather being uncomfortable, and the roads deep, we turned in at twenty miles, to Mr. Dawning’s, who treated us kindly.

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We hasted to Mrs. Waller’s,fs176 where we found a few

people, to whom I spoke on Romans 2:7-9. Finding Tommy (a son of Mrs. Waller’s) had genius, I gave him a pass to Cokesbury: it may be that he may serve himself, his family, and his country. O that he may serve his God!

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Came to King George; and, cold as it was, I found nearly one hundred people had assembled at the widow Bombry’s.

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Attended the quarterly meeting at brother Edwards’s: the weather was extremely cold, and we had but few hearers.

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After preaching at the quarterly meeting, I visited Counsellor Carter; and spent the evening in much peace and love: he has the manners of a gentleman, the attainments of a scholar, and the experience of a Christian.

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The weather softening, I made haste to get across the

Rappahannock, and reached brother Ball’s, about twenty-five miles: I found myself much chilled by my ride. My soul has been kept in great peace; and almost in constant prayer: I wish to feel so placid as not to have any acid in my temper, nor a frown or wrinkle on my brow; to bear all things, do all things, suffer all things, from the ignorance or weakness of the children of God, or the wickedness of the sons and daughters of Satan. I think my soul momently pants after more of God.fs177

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I preached at brother Collin’s; and was very pointed: I hope it will have the good effect of preventing the sin and vanity that too often prevail at Christmas.

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Came to the widow Clayton’s; where there has been a work of God: I preached with liberty, from, “Put ye on the Lord Jesus Christ, and make no provision for the flesh to fulfil the lusts thereof.” I cautioned the people against the sins of the times.

Christmas day. I had thirty miles to Hanover. William Glendenningfs178 began before I came; when he had done, I went into the tavern keeper’s porch; but I afterward judged it best to withdraw, and speak in another place. I stood in the door of a public house, and with about half of my congregation out of doors, preached on, “Behold, I bring you good tidings of great joy:” the people behaved exceedingly well; and the town was very still.

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I had a large congregation at Newcastle,fs179 to whom I spoke on, “Thou shalt call his name Jesus; for he shall save his people from their sins.” William Glendenning spoke after me: I am clear he is not right in his head or heart, and am therefore resolved he shall speak no more at my appointments.

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Preached at Colonel Clayton’s.fs180 The people hereabouts are wealthy, and few attend preaching; nevertheless, I was favoured with their company, and had great liberty and sweetness in speaking to them: I feel as if God would yet work among them. It was in this neighbourhood I was laid up four years ago.

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I had many people at the widow A——’s; but they did not appear to be in a good frame to receive instruction: their Christmas company; sinful, worldly joy; full feeding; together with the severity of the weather—all appeared to make against a profitable meeting.

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Preached in James Cityfs181—crowded with company. I was informed of some painful circumstances relative to our dissatisfied brethren: I leave these things to God, who will bring all things to light. Contrary to my expectations, I found there was an appointment made for me to preach in Williamsburg, being the day I had intended to cross the river.

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I preached in the city of Williamsburg, according to appointment: I felt much liberty; and had some hope that Providence was about to open the way for a work in this place.

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I came on to the (Jamestown) ferry, chilled with the cold. We had to ride seven miles; the wind was high about the time we embarked; presently a snow storm came on; and although wind and tide were in our favour, we had rough work in crossing. Our horses were smooth, the bottom of the boat icy; so that it was with difficulty they could keep their feet; however, kind Providence brought us safe to Cobham, whence we hasted along to brother Mooring’s, and found brother Paup speaking, and the people shouting. I preached on Ephes. 5:17-19. I afterward had an interview with brother Paup,fs182 and a more full account of matters relative to our disaffected brethren. Thence I rode on to brother William Blunt’s;fs183 but there were none to preach to.

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